scholarly journals Socio-demographic influences on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among workers in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadin Younes ◽  
Jerzy M. Behnke ◽  
Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Marawan A. Abu-Madi
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Immigrant Workers ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Protozoan Infections

Abstract Background The rapid growth of Qatar in the last two decades has been associated with an enormous expansion of building programs in its cities and in the provision of new service industries. This in turn has attracted a large influx of immigrant workers seeking employment in jobs associated with food handling, domestic service, and the building industry. Many of these immigrants come from countries in the tropics and subtropics where intestinal parasitic infections are common. In this study, we explored the environmental and socio-demographic characteristics of immigrant workers in Doha Qatar, which might explain the persistence of the parasites that they harbor. Methodology This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2486 newly arrived immigrant workers and those who visited Qatar previously during the period 2012–2014. Through questionnaires and census data, we characterized the socio-demographic conditions at an individual, family, and neighborhood levels. Results Overall, the prevalence of combined protozoan infection was 11.7% and that of helminth was 7.0%. Combined protozoan infections were significantly associated with immigrant workers arriving in Doha for the first time. In univariate log-linear statistical models fitted in phase 1 of the analysis, significant associations were observed between the prevalence of combined protozoan infections and personal and familial factors that included religion, the level of education of subjects, both parents’ educational levels and their jobs, and the number of siblings. Furthermore, environmental effects on the prevalence of protozoan infections including the country of origin, the floor of the house, toilet type, household content index, provision of household water, farming background showed strong associations with protozoan infections. However, in phase 2, multifactorial binary logistic generalized linear models focusing only on the significant effects identified in phase 1, showed that only five factors retained significance (age class, floor of the house, household contents index, father’s education, and the number of siblings). The only factors that had a significant effect on the prevalence of helminth infections were the subjects’ age class and the mother’s educational level. Conclusions The prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites among immigrant workers in Qatar is clearly multifactorial in origin determined by key familial relationships of subjects and also the environment, in which the subjects lived prior to their arrival in Qatar. Moreover, our results suggest that screening protocols for applicants for visas/work permits need to be revised giving more careful attention to the intestinal protozoan infections that potential immigrant workers may harbor.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic influences on the prevalence of enteric helminth and protozoan infections in newly arrived migrant workers in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadin Younes ◽  
Jerzy M. Behnke ◽  
Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Marawan Abumadi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
Protozoan Infections

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitosis is a major concern for public health, especially in children from middle and low-income populations of tropical and subtropical areas. In this study, we explored the environmental and socio-demographic characteristics of immigrants in Doha Qatar, that might explain the persistence of the parasites that they harbor.Methodology This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,486 newly arrived expatriates and those who visited Qatar previously during the period 2012-2014. Through questionnaires and census data, we characterised the socio-demographics conditions at an individual, family and neighborhood levels.Results Combined protozoan infections were significantly associated with immigrants arriving in Doha for the first time. In univariate loglinear statistical models fitted in phase 1 of the analysis significant associations were observed between the prevalence of combined protozoan infections and personal and familial factors that included religion, the level of education of subjects, both parents’ educational levels and their jobs, and number of siblings. Furthermore, environmental effects on the prevalence of protozoan infections included the country of origin; the floor of the house, toilet type, household content index, provision of household water, arable farming background showed a strong association with protozoan infections as well. However in phase 2, multifactorial binary logistic generalized linear models focusing only on the significant effects identified in phase 1, showed that only five factors retained significance (age class, floor of house, household contents index, father’s education, and number of siblings). The only factors that had a significant effect on the prevalence of helminth infections were the subjects age class and the mother’s educational level.Conclusion The prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites among immigrants to Qatar is clearly multifactorial in origin, determined by key familial relationships of subjects and also the environment in which the subjects lived prior to their arrival in Qatar. Moreover our results suggest that screening protocols for applicants for visas/work permits need to be revised giving more careful attention to the intestinal protozoan infections that potential immigrants may harbor.

scholarly journals Anaemia among young male workers in Alexandria, Egypt

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Curtale ◽  
M. Abdel Fattah ◽  
M. El Shazly ◽  
M. Youssef Shamy ◽  
F. El Sahn
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Male Workers

In a cross-sectional survey, we investigated exposure to and the presence of factors associated with anaemia, such as socioeconomic conditions, dietary habits, intestinal parasitic infections and lead among 355 young male workers [7-19 years of age]employed in private workshops. Of the total study sample, 44.5% [158 participants]were found to be anaemic. The major risk factors for anaemia were multiple parasitic infection, high intensity of parasitic [Ascaris lumbricoides]infection and drinking tea soon after a meal. A significantly lower prevalence of anaemia was noted after Ramadan; it appeared to be the main factor associated with the presence or absence of anaemia and warrants further attention.

scholarly journals Recurrent wheezing is associated with intestinal protozoan infections in Warao Amerindian children in Venezuela: a cross-sectional survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella MA Overeem ◽  
Lilly M Verhagen ◽  
Peter WM Hermans ◽  
Berenice del Nogal ◽  
Adriana Márquez Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protozoan Infections

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated risk factors of human intestinal parasitic infections: a population-based study in the southeast of Kerman province, southeastern Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Abbaszadeh Afshar ◽  
Maryam Barkhori Mehni ◽  
Mostafa Rezaeian ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Vali Baigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Determination of the prevalence and distribution pattern of intestinal parasites is a fundamental step to set up an effective control program to improve the health status. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors among inhabitants of Rudbar-e Jonub county, southeast of Kerman province, southeastern Iran.Methods In this cross-sectional study, 861 stool specimens were collected from inhabitants of Rudbar-e Jonub county through a multistage cluster sampling method in 2018. The collected specimens were examined by parasitological methods including, direct wet-mounting (for the fresh specimens with a watery consistency), formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation and agar plate culture.Results The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 34.2% (95% CI 30.1 to 38.2). The prevalence of protozoan parasites 32.3% (95% CI 28.4 to 36.5) was significantly higher than helminthic parasites 3.2% (95% CI 2.1 to 4.7). Blastocystis sp. , Entamoeba coli and Giardia lamblia as protozoan parasite and Hymenolepis nana as helminthic parasite were the most common detected intestinal parasites in the study. Entamoeba histolytica/dispar , Iodamoeba bütschlii , Chilomastix mesnili , Entamoeba hartmanni , Ascaris lambercoides , and Enterobius vermicularis were other detected parasites. Multiple logistic regression revealed a significant association of intestinal parasitic infections with source of drinking water and residency status (rural/urban). Multiple infections with 2 or 3 parasitic agents constituted 22.7% of 295 infected cases.Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among inhabitants of Rudbar-e Jonub county. Intestinal parasites especially protozoans remain a challenging public health problem wherever sanitation and health measures are limited in Iran.

Intestinal Parasites In Children of Cochabamba – Bolivia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Camacho Alvarez ◽  
Philippe Goyens ◽  
Frédérique Jacobs ◽  
J. Marcela Luizaga López
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Protozoan Infections ◽  
Tropical Areas

Abstract Background: A high percentage of the population in Latin America lives with intestinal parasitic infections, neglected tropical diseases frequently not treated. Intestinal parasitism is associated with nutritional diseases but the information about the epidemiological situation in countries like Bolivia is scarce. Environmental conditions play an important role in the prevalence of certain parasites. The main objective was to know the current situation of parasitic infections among children under twelve years old from different geographical areas of the department of Cochabamba – Bolivia. Methods: We analysed the laboratory reports of four second-line hospitals of different areas and the Tertiary Care Hospital. Results of stool examinations performed between 2011 and 2015 in children under twelve years of age were collected. Results: We gathered the results of 23221 examinations. The 89 % of children were less than five years old. Pathogenic parasites were found in 31 %. Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were the two most prevalent parasites in all areas. Helminths were found in only 19% of positive samples and Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent. Parasitic infections are more frequent in tropical area and helminths are highly concentrated in this area. Discussion and Conclusions: Parasitic infections in children are still very prevalent in Bolivia. Protozoan infections are the major problem while the prevalence of helminths seems to be decreasing. The most vulnerable population is still concentrated in tropical areas where the risk of parasitic infection is probably increased due to the environmental conditions. Our results will enable the planning of more efficient policies to control parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Physician Perception and Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Verner N. Orish ◽  
Saviour Anorkplim Simpiney ◽  
Sylvester Yao Lokpo ◽  
Percival D. Agordoh ◽  
Duniesky Martinez Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Physician Perception

This study evaluated physicians’ perception and diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. This cross-sectional survey used a Google form questionnaire distributed online. Demographic and clinical practice information was solicited, including if “IPI was considered as a diagnosis in the last patient seen,” “if stool investigation was requested among the last patients seen,” and physicians’ perception of the burden of IPI in the country. Using Pearson chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analysis, we tested the significance of the associations of the job cadre of the physicians and their perception of the IPI burden with consideration of IPI as a diagnosis in the last patient seen, request for stool investigation in the last patient seen, and overall frequency of the request for stool investigation. Ultimately, 184 physicians responded. The majority agreed to “often seeing patients with GI symptoms” (156, 84.7%), “not considering IPI among the last patient seen” (106, 57.6%), and “not requesting stool investigation among the last patient seen with symptoms” (136, 73.9%). House officers (81, 44.2%) constituted the highest proportion of physicians who considered IPI as a diagnosis among the last patient seen (39, 48.1%, p = 0.05 ). Most physicians (138, 75%) considered IPI as a burden in Ghana. They constituted significant proportions of the physicians who considered IPI as a diagnosis among their last patients seen (65, 83.3%, p = 0.02 ) and were twice more likely to consider IPI as a diagnosis among the last patients seen than their colleagues who did not consider IPI as a burden in Ghana (AOR 2.26, p = 0.04 ). The consideration of IPI as a diagnosis among patients with GI symptoms and request for stool investigations was low among physicians in this study. Further engagements with physicians in Ghana are needed to help improve their diagnosis of IPI in patients with GI symptoms.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoan infection among symptomatic and asymptomatic populations in rural and urban areas of southern Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumia Sebaa ◽  
Jerzy M. Behnke ◽  
Djamel Baroudi ◽  
Ahcene Hakem ◽  
Marawan A. Abu-Madi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Protozoan Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections are amongst the most common infections worldwide and have been identified as one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality among disadvantaged populations. This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections and to identify the significant risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections in Laghouat province, Southern Algeria. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 623 symptomatic and 1654 asymptomatic subjects. Structured questionnaires were used to identify environmental, socio demographic and behavioral factors. Stool specimens were collected and examined using direct wet mount, formalin-ether concentration, xenic in vitro culture and staining methods. Results A highly significant difference of prevalence was found between symptomatic (82.3%) and asymptomatic subjects (14.9%), with the majority attributable to protozoan infection. The most common species in the symptomatic subjects were Blastocystis spp. (43.8%), E. histolytica/dispar (25.4%) and Giardia intestinalis (14.6%) and more rarely Enterobius vermicularis (02.1%), Teania spp. (0.6%) and Trichuris trichiura (0.2%), while in asymptomatic population Blastocystis spp. (8%), Entamoeba coli (3.3%) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (2.5%) were the most common parasites detected with no case of helminth infection. Multivariate log-linear analysis showed that contact with animals was the main risk factor for transmission of these protozoa in both populations. Furthermore, living in rural areas was significantly associated with combined protozoan infection in the asymptomatic population, whereas, in the symptomatic population an increasing trend of protozoan infection was detected in the hot season. In addition, Blastocystis spp. and G. intestinalis infection were found to be associated with host sex and contact with animals across the study period. Conclusions Based on these results, several strategies are recommended in order to effectively reduce these infections including good animal husbandry practices, health education focused on good personal hygiene practices and adequate sanitation.

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Individuals Referred to the Medical Centers of Coastal Cities, Guilan Province, Northern Iran, 2015-2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser ABDIPOUR ◽  
Hooshang KHAZAN ◽  
Eznollah AZARGASHB ◽  
Mohammad Reza MAHMOUDI ◽  
Ali FARAHNAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stool Examination ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Guilan Province

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are among the major public health problems, especially in developing countries. Northern Iran is highly endemic area for these infections. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of IPIs among people referred to the medical centers of the coastal cities in Guilan Province, Northern Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional survey, 1232 stool samples were collected during 2015-2017. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic characteristics, and stool examination was performed using direct slide smear, formalin-ether concentration, trichrome and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining techniques. The results were analyzed using SPSS and Chi-square test. Results: The overall prevalence of IPs in our study was 17.8% (219/1232). The most common IP was Blastocystis sp. 154/1232 (12.59%), followed by Giardia lamblia 50/1232 (4.1%) and Entamoeba hartmani 45/1232 (3.7%). Out of the 219 positive patients, 82 (55.14%) and 137 (44.85%) were female and males, respectively. Regarding the socio-demographic variables, educational status (P=0.226), contact with domestic animals and soil (P=0.476), age years (P=0.78), Occupation (0.637) and Gender (P=0.417) were not significantly associated to IPIs. Conclusion: In the past, parasitic infections were more prevalent in different parts of Iran. However, today it has declined indicating a significant improvement in level of individual hygiene, and environmental standards.

First evidences of salt and pepper retinal lesions in patients with intestinal protozoan infections in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jafari ◽  
Huriyeh Gorgizadeh ◽  
Masoud Soosaraei ◽  
Azar Shokri ◽  
Zainab Bandalizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Protozoan Infections ◽  
Salt And Pepper ◽  
First Time

Background: It is make clear that salt and pepper retinal lesion (SPRL) has subsequently associated with the infection with Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia). However, little is known regarding prevalence of SPRL among patients suffered from parasitic infections in the world. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SPRL among patients with intestinal protozoan infections, for the first time, in Sari, northern Iran. Methods: In this case-control study a total of 150 subjects participated: 75 were in patients group diagnosed to have intestinal parasite, and 75 in control group without any intestinal infection. Fecal samples were obtained from all participants and examined with wet mount and formalin-ether methods. The retina of both groups was examined by an ophthalmologist. Results: Overall, salt and pepper retinal changes were diagnosed in 12 (16 %) patients with at least one parasitic infection (7 females and 5 males). G. lamblia was diagnosed in 6 subjects (50%), Blastocystis hominis in 5 (41.6%), and Entamoeba coli in 1 (8.3 %). Most of the patients (58.3%) had a mild infection. Bilateral retina involvement was observed in 75% of the patients. Furthermore, macula involvement was observed in 91.7 % with SPRL. Conclusion: Our findings indicated the relatively high prevalence of SPRL in subjects with giardiasis and blastocystosis. It can be concluded that not only G. lamblia but also B. hominis can cause SPRL in Sari, Iran. Further studies are needed to find other etiologic parasites able to cause retinal damages.

Intestinal protozoan and helminth infections in the Municipality San Juan y Martínez, Pinar del Río, Cuba

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Escobedo ◽  
Roberto Cañete ◽  
F A Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
San Juan ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Del Rio

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and the intensity of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) among children who attend the educational centres of San Juan y Martinez, Cuba. Ascaris lumbricoides, Blastocystis hominis and Giardia lamblia were the most common parasites found, with prevalence rates of 40.5%, 38.5% and 25%, respectively. In total, 91% of children harboured at least one type of intestinal parasite. The rates and intensity of intestinal parasitic infections found permit us to speculate that the conditions that predispose to acquire intestinal protozoan and STH infections persist in this municipality.

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