scholarly journals Zinc supplementation improves body weight management, inflammatory biomarkers and insulin resistance in individuals with obesity: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Khorsandi ◽  
Omid Nikpayam ◽  
Reyhaneh Yousefi ◽  
Maryam Parandoosh ◽  
Nima Hosseinzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Calorie Diet

Abstract Background The present study was designed to determine whether zinc supplementation would increase the effects of restricted calorie diet (RCD) on obesity. Methods and materials A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed on 40 obese subjects who were randomly assigned to receive zinc supplements (30 mg/day) or placebo for a period of 15-weeks. Both groups were under a restricted calorie diet (~ 300 kcal lower than the estimated energy requirement). Anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, appetite, and dietary intakes were determined during the study period. Results The reductions of body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference were significantly higher in the zinc group compared to the placebo group (P = 0.032, 0.025, 0.003, and 0.0001, respectively). Lower levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein, apelin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and appetite score were observed in the zinc group in comparison with the placebo group (P = 0.0001, 0.001, 0.031 and 0.001 respectively). Conclusion This study indicates that Zn supplementation with a restricted calorie diet has favorable effects in reducing anthropometric measurements, inflammatory markers, insulin resistance and appetite in individuals with obesity, and may play an effective role in the treatment of obesity. Trial registration This clinical trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NCT02516475).

scholarly journals Pengaruh suplementasi zink (Zn) terhadap diare pada penderita umur 6-36 bulan yang dirawat di RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Jurianto Gambir ◽  
Madarina Julia ◽  
Muhammad Jufrrie
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Acute Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Childhood Death

Background: Diarrhoea is one of the major causes of infants and childhood death in Indonesia. Malnutrition and zinc deficiency in diarrhoea may lead to impaired immunity.Objective: To assess the influence of zinc supplementation on the duration of diarrhoea and the frequency of watery stools in under-three-year-old childrenMethod: This was a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, with 31 children in the supplemented group and 33 children in the placebo group. All children had acute watery diarrhea and were given supplementation within 24 hours of admission. Daily supplementation of 20 mg zinc was given to the experimental group.Results: The supplemented group had a shorter hospitalization compared to the placebo. Beginning from the second day of supplementation, the frequency of watery stools in the supplemented group was significantly less than in the placebo group (p<0.001). While there was a significant decrease in the concentration of zinc in the serum of the placebo group, there was a slight increase in the supplemented group.Conclusion: Zinc supplementation can shorten hospitalization and reduce the frequency of watery stools in children with diarrhoea.

scholarly journals Efficacy of fructooligosaccharide versus placebo for treatment of acute diarrhea in children: A double-blind randomized clinical trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Reni Suryanty ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Berlian Hasibuan ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective To compare the efficacy of fructooligosaccharide (FOS)versus placebo in pediatric patients with acute diarrhea with re-gard to duration and frequency of diarrhea and the volume andconsistency of the stools.Methods This double-blind randomized clinical trial was carriedout from July to November 2003 in the pediatric intensive careunit, outpatient clinic, and pediatric ward of Adam Malik Hospitaland Pirngadi Hospital, Medan. Subjects were children and infantsaged 4 to 24 months suffering from acute diarrhea without dehy-dration or with mild to moderate dehydration whose parents gaveconsent. Children included in this trial received tablets of either600 mg FOS or 761 mg fructulin as placebo. Patients with mild tomoderate dehydration were initially rehydrated according to theWHO protocol. Afterwards, 10 tablets of FOS or placebo were givento each subject to be taken twice daily. In subjects without dehy-dration, the tablets were given by their parents. Daily follow-upwas performed, in which body weight, temperature, duration andfrequency of diarrhea, and the volume and consistency of stoolswere recorded. For outpatients, home visits were made.Results Out of 142 children who met inclusion criteria, 135 com-pleted the study. These consisted of 68 children in the FOS groupand 67 in the placebo group. Subjects were mostly <12 months ofage (57.0%), male (57.8%), and moderately malnourished (34.1%).There was no statistically significant difference between both groupsin the duration and frequency of diarrhea and the volume and con-sistency of stools (P>0.05).Conclusion There is no effect of the administration of FOS assupplemental therapy on the duration and frequency of diarrheaand on the volume and consistency of stools in children with acutediarrhea

scholarly journals Effect of Hedan tablets on body weight and insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian-Yong Liu ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Xing-Zhen Liu ◽  
Da-Jin Zou
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Lipid Level ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Double Blind

Introduction: Apart from their recognized lipid-lowering effect, Hedan tablets, a mixture of Chinese herbal medicines, have demonstrated a certain weight-loss effect in clinical practice. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is to verify the effect of Hedan tablets on body weight (BW) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: A total of 62 eligible patients with MetS were divided into two groups: the treatment group (Hedan tablets at 4.38 g/day tid) and the control group (placebo treatment). Both groups attended follow-ups at 8, 16, and 24 weeks during the process. The parameters of the assessment include lipid level, BW, triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (TG/HDLc), homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) index, and adiponectin. Results: Patients in the treatment group showed a significant decrease in BW compared with the control group (−4.47 vs. 0.06 kg) after 8 weeks of treatment. A significant decrease in body mass index was also observed in the treatment group after 16 weeks of treatment (−1.79 vs. −0.03 kg/m2). In the treatment group, 20 out of 31 (64.5%) patients lost 5–10% BW and 4 out of 31 (12.9%) patients lost over 10% BW after 24 weeks of treatment. Although there were no significant changes in the patients’ HOMA-IR, the treatment group showed a significant reduction in TG/HDLc (−0.98 vs. −0.19) after 8 weeks of treatment and a significant increase in adiponectin (6.87 vs. −0.43) after 16 weeks of treatment. Discussion/Conclusion: The Hedan tablets significantly improve BW, BMI, TG/HDLc, and adiponectin in patients with MetS. Thus, Hedan tablets may be used as an adjunct to existing MetS management methods.

scholarly journals Impact of weight loss with or without exercise on abdominal fat and insulin resistance in obese individuals: a randomised clinical trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh ◽  
André Luiz Lopes ◽  
Pablo Rober Fernandes ◽  
Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira ◽  
Rogério Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Hs Crp

Evidence supports an important contribution of abdominal obesity and inflammation to the development of insulin resistance (IR) and CVD. Weight loss in obese individuals can reduce inflammation and, consequently, IR, but the role of training remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of body weight reduction with and without exercise over abdominal fat tissue (primary outcome) and IR. In this randomised clinical trial, forty-eight obese individuals (age 31·8 (sd 6·0) years, BMI 34·8 (sd 2·7) kg/m2) were randomised to either a diet-only group (DI) or a diet and exercise group (DI+EXE). Treatment was maintained until 5 % of the initial body weight was lost. At baseline and upon completion, the following parameters were analysed: biochemical parameters such as glycaemia and insulin for the determination of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and abdominal computed tomography for the determination of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. A total of thirteen individuals dropped out before completing the weight-loss intervention and did not repeat the tests. In both the DI (n 18) and DI+EXE (n 17) groups, we observed significant and similar decreases of visceral adipose tissue (difference between means: 7·9 (95 % CI − 9·5, 25·2) cm2, P= 0·36), hs-CRP (difference between means: − 0·06 (95 % CI − 0·19, 0·03) mg/l, P= 0·39) and HOMA (difference between means: − 0·04 (95 % CI − 0·17, 0·08), P= 0·53). In the present study, 5 % weight loss reduced abdominal fat and IR in obese individuals and exercise did not add to the effect of weight loss on the outcome variables.

scholarly journals The relation of anthropometric measurements and insulin resistance in patients with polycystic kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Bennur Esen ◽  
Emel Sağlam Gokmen ◽  
Mahmut Kaya ◽  
Burak Ozkan ◽  
Ahmet Engin Atay
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapies ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the frequency of insulin resistance (IR) and its relation with anthropometric measurements in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).Material and MethodsNonobese 82 patients with ADPKD and 58 age matched healthy controls were enrolled into the study. None of participants were diabetic or receiving renal replacement therapies (RRT). IR was determined by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) formula. Tanita body composition analyzer was used for anthropometric measurements. Creatinine clearance of participant were assessed by the modification of diet in renal diseases (MDRD).ResultsPatients with ADPKD had significantly higher level of urea and creatinine, microalbuminuria, and lower level of MDRD. Body fat distribution and HOMA-IR in both the groups were similar. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of patients were higher than those of controls.ConclusionWe failed to determine a higher frequency of IR among patients with ADPKD.

Value of Whole-Body Washing With Chlorhexidine for the Eradication of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus:A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wendt ◽  
S. Schinke ◽  
M. Württemberger ◽  
K. Oberdorfer ◽  
O. Bock-Hensley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blinded

Background.Whole-body washing with antiseptic solution has been widely used as part of eradication treatment for colonization with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), but evidence for the effectiveness of this measure is limited.Objective.To study the efficacy of whole-body washing with chlorhexidine for the control of MRSA.Design.Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial.Setting.University Hospital of Heidelberg and surrounding nursing homes.Patients.MRSA carriers who were not treated concurrently with antibiotics effective against MRSA were eligible for the study.Intervention.Five days of whole-body washing with either 4% chlorhexidine solution (treatment group) or with a placebo solution. All patients received mupirocin nasal ointment and chlorhexidine mouth rinse. The outcome was evaluated 3, 4, 5, 9, and 30 days after treatment with swab samples taken from several body sites.Results.Of 114 patients enrolled in the study (56 in the treatment group and 58 in the placebo group), 11 did not finish treatment (8 from the treatment group and 3 from the placebo group [P= .02]). At baseline, the groups did not differ with regard to age, sex, underlying condition, site of MRSA colonization, or history of MRSA eradication treatment. Eleven patients were MRSA-free 30 days after treatment (4 from the treatment group and 7 from the placebo group [P= .47]). Only groin-area colonization was significantly better eradicated by the use of chlorhexidine. The best predictor for total eradication was a low number of body sites positive for MRSA. Adverse effects were significantly more frequent in the treatment group than in the placebo group (any symptom, 71% vs 33%) but were reversible in most cases.Conclusion.Whole-body washing can reduce skin colonization, but it appears necessary to extend eradication measures to the gastrointestinal tract, wounds, and/or other colonized body sites if complete eradication is the goal.Trial Registration.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00266448.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin D on insulin resistance and anthropometric parameters in Type 2 diabetes; a randomized double-blind clinical trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Heshmat ◽  
Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy ◽  
Shabnam Abbaszadeh-Ahranjani ◽  
Samimeh Shahbazi ◽  
Ghazal Khooshehchin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial

scholarly journals Subcutaneous granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration for subacute traumatic spinal cord injuries, report of neurological and functional outcomes: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazi Derakhshanrad ◽  
Hooshang Saberi ◽  
Mir Saeed Yekaninejad ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stimulating Factor

OBJECTIVEGranulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a major cytokine that has already been clinically verified for chronic traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCIs). In this study, the authors set out to determine the safety and efficacy of G-CSF administration for neurological and functional improvement in subacute, incomplete TSCI.METHODSThis phase II/III, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel randomized clinical trial was performed in 60 eligible patients (30 treatment, 30 placebo). Patients with incomplete subacute TSCIs with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grades B, C, and D were enrolled. Patients were assessed using the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) scale, Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM-III) and International Association of Neurorestoratology Spinal Cord Injury Functional Rating Scale (IANR-SCIFRS), just before intervention and at 1, 3, and 6 months, after 7 daily subcutaneous administrations of 300 μg/day of G-CSF in the treatment group and placebo in the control group.RESULTSAmong 60 participants, 28 patients (93.3%) in the G-CSF group and 26 patients (86.6%) in the placebo group completed the study protocol. After 6 months of follow-up, the AIS grade remained unchanged in the placebo group, while in the G-CSF group 5 patients (45.5%) improved from AIS grade B to C, 5 (45.5%) improved from AIS grade C to grade D, and 1 patient (16.7%) improved from AIS grade D to E. The mean ± SEM change in ISNCSCI motor score in the G-CSF group was 14.9 ± 2.6 points, which was significantly greater than in the placebo group (1.4 ± 0.34 points, p < 0.001). The mean ± SEM light-touch and pinprick sensory scores improved by 8.8 ± 1.9 and 10.7 ± 2.6 points in the G-CSF group, while those in the placebo group improved by 2.5 ± 0.60 and 1.2 ± 0.40 points, (p = 0.005 and 0.002, respectively). Evaluation of functional improvement according to the IANR-SCIFRS instrument revealed significantly more functional improvement in the G-CSF group (10.3 ± 1.3 points than in the placebo group (3.0 ± 0.81 points; p < 0.001). A significant difference was also observed between the 2 groups as measured by the SCIM-III instrument (29.6 ± 4.1 vs 10.3 ± 2.2, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSIncomplete subacute TSCI is associated with significant motor, sensory, and functional improvement after administration of G-CSF.Clinical trial registration no.: IRCT201407177441N3 (www.irct.ir)

scholarly journals The efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment in children with acute bloody diarrhea

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Selvi Nafianti ◽  
Oke R. Ramayani ◽  
Dedy G. Daulay ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Berlian Hasibuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Bloody Diarrhea ◽  
Fecal Analysis ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Stool Analysis

Background The etiologies of bloody diarrhea are shigella,amoeba, enterocolitis, trichuriasis, and other causes i.e, EIEC,Campylobacter jejuni or rotavirus. In developing countries,trimetroprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMP) is effective in 80%of children with bloody diarrhea.Objective To determine the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfa-methoxazole (TMP-SMX) treatment in children with acute bloodydiarrhea.Methods A randomized double blind clinical trial was conductedin Adam Malik Hospital and Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan duringSeptember 2003-March 2004. Children aged 2-24 months oldwith diagnosis of acute bloody diarrhea were randomized into twogroups to either receive TMP-SMX or placebo for 5 days.Microscopic fecal analysis was performed on the first, second,fifth and twelfth day, and the results were compared.Results A total of 68 children consisted of 48 (71%) boys and 20(29%) girls were enrolled. Each group had 34 participants.Analysis of the first day showed leukocyte and erythrocyte in thestool specimens, which were all absent on the twelfth day in bothgroups. There was no difference in stool analysis between TMP-SMX and placebo group in day two (P=0.758), day five (P=0.341)and day twelve. Diarrhea duration in TMP-SMX and placebogroup was 7.18 days and 6.65 days, respectively. This differentwas statistically not significant (P=0.385).Conclusion There is no difference in the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment compared to placebo in children withacute bloody diarrhea.

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