scholarly journals Changes in patients’ outlook, behaviors, and attitudes toward COVID-19 after hospitalization and their experiences of discrimination and harassment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Goda ◽  
Tsuneaki Kenzaka ◽  
Shinsuke Yahata ◽  
Ayako Kumabe ◽  
Masahiro Katsurada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Objective This study aims to examine changes in patients’ perspectives and outlooks regarding the disease and their health after hospitalization for COVID-19 and investigate their discrimination and harassment experiences. This prospective observational study surveyed discharged patients who had been admitted to Hyogo Prefectural Tamba Medical Center in Japan for COVID-19. Patient characteristics, changes in outlook and behaviors after discharge, and incidents of discrimination and harassment were examined. The study was conducted in two waves: March–June 2020 and July–September 2020. Results Responses were obtained from 27 patients aged 50 ± 17 years, including 16 men (59.3%). We found most patients feared infection before hospitalization (88.5%) and had taken some preventive measures (96.3%), however after discharge, all (100%) practiced social distancing and infection prevention. Twenty patients (80%) considered changing their lifestyles, and 19 (79.2%) decided to use sick leave when they felt ill; these trends were more prominent during the second wave. Six patients (23.1%) reported experiencing discrimination or harassment after discharge. While most patients with COVID-19 had a strong fear of infection before hospitalization, their views about health and health behaviors changed after hospitalization.

scholarly journals Drug-related problems and its determinant among hospitalized neonates with sepsis at Jimma University Medical Center, Ethiopia: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengist Awoke ◽  
Tsegaye Melaku ◽  
Mohammed Beshir
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Jimma University ◽  
Neonatal Population

Abstract Background Neonatal populations are quite susceptible to drug-related problems (DRPs) because of clinical heterogeneity and clinical practice trends. However, studies reporting DRPs in the neonatal population are quite limited. Objective This study aimed to assess the magnitude and types of DRPs and determinant factors among neonates admitted with neonatal sepsis at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted involving 201 neonates with sepsis admitted to the NICU from May to August 30, 2018. DRPs were classified using Cipolle’s classification method. Statistical Package for Social Science Version 22 was employed for data analysis. Logistical regression was carried out to determine the determinants of DRPs. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results Of 201 neonates with sepsis included in this study, 125 (62.2%) were males and the median age of the neonate was 5 days. The mean (±standard deviation) number of medications taking during their hospital stay was 2.6 ± 0.7. DRPs were identified in 98 neonates, at a rate of 48.8% (95% CI, 41.7–55.9). Dose too high (42, 35.8%) and need additional drug therapy (40, 34.1%) were the commonly identified DRPs. Taking antibiotics plus other medications (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =5.2, 95%CI [1.2–22.0], p = 0.02) was a determinant factor for the occurrence of DRPs. Conclusion The burdens of DRPs occurrence were high in hospitalized neonates with sepsis. The most common DRPs identified were dose too high and need additional drug therapy. Combined use of other medicines with antibiotics was a predictor of DRP occurrence. The innovative way to tackle the occurrence of DRPs, such as the incorporation of clinical pharmacy service provider into the neonatal care team, which will prevent, detect and/or minimize the occurrence of DRPs, is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Anesthesiologist-Performed Preoperative Echocardiography for the Prediction of Postinduction Hypotension: A Prospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Babar Fiza ◽  
Neal Duggal ◽  
Caitlin E. McMillan ◽  
Graciela Mentz ◽  
Michael D. Maile
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound

Purpose. To determine if left ventricular or inferior vena cava (IVC) measurements are easier to obtain on point-of-care ultrasound by anesthesiologists in preoperative patients, and to assess the relationship between preoperative cardiac dimensions and hypotension with the induction of general anesthesia. Methods. This prospective observational study was conducted at a large academic medical center. Sixty-three patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries under general anesthesia were enrolled. Ultrasound examinations were performed by anesthesiologists in the preoperative area. To ensure that hypotension represented both a relative and absolute decrease in blood pressure, both a mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 65 mmHg and a MAP decrease of >30% from preoperative value defined this outcome. Results. Left ventricular measurements were more likely to be acquired than IVC measurements (97% vs. 79%). Subjects without adequate images to assess IVC collapsibility tended to have a higher body mass index (33.6 ± 5.5 vs. 28.5 ± 4.5, p = 0.001 ). While high left ventricular end-diastolic diameter values were associated with a decreased odds of MAP < 65 mmHg (OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07–0.83, p = 0.023 ) or a MAP decrease of >30% from baseline alone (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07–0.83, p = 0.023 ), the primary endpoint of both relative and absolute hypotension was not associated with preoperative left ventricular dimensions. Conclusions. Preoperative cardiac ultrasound may be a more reliable way for anesthesiologists to assess patients’ volume status compared to ultrasound of the IVC, particularly for patients with a higher body mass index.

scholarly journals Pattern of use of analgesics in post-operative pain management in adults undergoing laparotomy surgery: a prospective observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohna M. Toro ◽  
Sheetal John ◽  
Atiya R. Faruqui
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: Previous studies on post-operative pain document that most patients continue to experience pain after surgery. This study was done to record the drug use for post- operative pain in laparotomy and to determine the patient characteristics that affect their pain score.Methods: A prospective observational study in 250 adult patients undergoing laparotomy surgery from General Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBG) at a tertiary care hospital.Results: Among patients recruited, 161 (64.4%) were females, 134 (53.6 %) from surgery department, mean age 37.29±14.9 years. Caesarean section 85 (73.27%) followed by meshplasty 46 (34.3%) were most common.Parenteral tramadol 100mg (40%) was the most common analgesic post-operative, subsequently shifted to oral. Epidural analgesia used in 31 (12.4%) patients, only from surgery department. First analgesic received within 6 hrs in 55.5 % in surgery and 44.5 % in OBG (Pearson χ2 =2.535, p = 0.111) with mean time to first analgesic 2.85±2.33 hrs. Pain score, using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) recorded for 200 (80%) patients showed 76 (30.4%) had severe pain on day 1 which decreased to 12 (4.8%) on day 3. Speciality (p=0.01) and nature of surgery (p=0.05) were significantly associated with severity of pain. Gender [OR = 0.55 (95% CI = 0.26, 1.19), p=0.13], nature of surgery  [2.32 (1.02, 5.32), p=0.05], speciality [0.35 (0.15, 0.80), p=0.01] and surgical category [0.76 (1.01, 5.32), p=0.05] affected pain score on univariate logistic regression, but were not significant on multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Despite the use of opioids and combination analgesics, one third of patients reported severe pain on the first day after surgery.

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