scholarly journals Seroprevalence of coxsackievirus A16 antibody among people of various age groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
An Tang ◽  
Fan Gao ◽  
Jian-Bo Yan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Coxsackie Virus ◽  
Age Group ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Coxsackie virus group A type 16 (CoxA16) is the main pathogen and usually an alternative to or joins in prevalence with enterovirus 71 (EV71) causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody among people of various age groups by a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods The literature of seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody among people has been systematically searched through databases from the date of their establishment to Jan. 2021. Estimates of seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody by gender and age groups have been summarized by using fixed- and random- effect models. All analyses have been conducted in STATA version 12.0 software. Results A total of 14 publications with 9 in English and 5 in Chinese containing 9562 samples were finally included in the meta-analysis. The seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody reported in different studies range from 24.85 to 76.92 %. Meta-analysis has revealed that the seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody was 56.3 % (95 %CI: 47.7 %~64.9 %) in the overall population and 55.1 % (95 %CI: 44.1 %~66.1 %) in the Chinese population. Subgroup analysis by gender has revealed that the seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody was 56.1 % (95 %CI: 45.2 %~67.1 %) in males and 60.0 % (95 %CI: 50.0 %~69.9 %) in females. Subgroup analysis by age groups has revealed that the seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody was 49.1 % (95 %CI: 36.2 %~62.0 %) in the 0 ~ 5 age group and 63.9 % (95 %CI: 53.1 %~74.7 %) in the over 5 age group. Begg’s funnel plots have suggested that there were no publication bias in all groups. Sensitive analysis has suggested that the result of the meta-analysis was stable. Conclusions The seroprevalence of CoxA16 antibody was closely related to age. Children under 5 years old were the main susceptible groups for CoxA16 and also the key groups for the prevention and control of HFMD.

scholarly journals Association of Toxoplasmosis with suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eissa Soleymani ◽  
Fariba Faizi ◽  
Rashid Heidarimoghadam ◽  
Lotfollah Davoodi ◽  
Younes Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Potential Risk Factor ◽  
Analysis Phase ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background findings on association of Toxoplasmosis and suicide is contradictory. This paper aimed to resolve this uncertainty with help of Meta-analysis. Methods using keywords include “Toxoplasmosis” and “suicide” and the relayed synonyms in international databases such as ISI, Medline and Scopus, we found the relevant studies. The eligible studies included into Meta-analysis phase. Random effect approach was used to combine the results. Results out of 150 initial studies, 16 were included into meta-analysis. Odds of suicide in person with toxoplasmosis was 47% (OR: 1.47, 95%CI; 1.20 to 1.79) higher than of that without toxoplasmosis. Test for publication bias was not statistically significant, which indicate absence of likely publication bias. Conclusion This study confirm which toxoplasmosis is a potential risk factor for suicide. To reduce cases of suicide attributable to Toxoplasmosis, it deserving the measures to prevent and control of transmission of toxoplasmosis should be taken.

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salam Vatandost ◽  
Marzieh Jahani ◽  
Ali Afshari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Amiri ◽  
Rashid Heidarimoghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
And Gender

Background: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Iranian community is very high. Women and older people are at the higher risk of vitamin D deficiency. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran by combining the results of various studies. Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Separate strategies were developed for search in national databases (Irandoc, Magiran, SID) and international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) using the keywords of “vitamin D deficiency,” “Iran,” and “prevalence.” The titles and abstracts of the articles were screened and related full texts were appraised. Those articles that met inclusion criteria were selected for meta-analysis. The heterogeneity of the articles was assessed via the Chi-square test. They were combined using the random-effect approach. In addition, the groups were categorized and analyzed in terms of age and gender. Results: Of 639 articles, 30 articles with a sample size of 26,042 people were included for data analysis. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was reported as 0.56. Subgroup analysis showed that 0.64 of women and 0.44 of men were suffering from vitamin D deficiency. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the age groups under 20, 20–50, and over 50 years was 0.56.4, 0.72.4, and 0.59.8, respectively. Conclusions: The Iranian Ministry of Health is expected to design strategies to improve the status of vitamin D at the national level.

scholarly journals Gender differences in the prevalence of household food insecurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Miranda Jung ◽  
Fernanda Souza de Bairros ◽  
Marcos Pascoal Pattussi ◽  
Sílvia Pauli ◽  
Marilda Borges Neutzling
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Household Food

AbstractObjectiveThe present review aimed to identify and synthesize literature on household food insecurity with respect to whether the respondent was male or female.DesignA systematic review of prevalence studies followed by a meta-analysis was conducted between 28 August 2014 and 19 October 2014 in seven electronic databases. The search was updated in April 2016. The included studies used experience-based measures to assess household food insecurity. Dichotomous measures of food insecurity were used. Pooled odds ratios of household food insecurity prevalence in women v. men were obtained through random-effect modelling. Quality assessment, publication bias diagnostics and subgroup analysis were also performed.SettingPopulation-based studies (i.e. non-clinical populations).SubjectsParticipants aged 18 years or over.ResultsOut of the 5145 articles initially identified, forty-two studies with a total population of 233 153 were included. In general, results showed that the odds for household food insecurity was 40 % higher in studies where women were the respondent (95 % CI 1·27, 1·54; P<0·001). Besides, subgroup analysis revealed that female-headed households were 75% (95 % CI 49–96%) more likely to be food insecure than male-headed households.ConclusionsOur results confirm the existence of gender differences in reporting household food insecurity. Furthermore, they indicate that households headed by women constitute a segment of the population that is particularly vulnerable to food insecurity.

scholarly journals Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Malaysia 1980 – 2017: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Yee Chow ◽  
Soo Man Jun ◽  
Siew Mooi Ching ◽  
Chun Han Tan ◽  
Kai Wei Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a common public health problem worldwide and is a well-known risk factor for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. However, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that has been done in a multi-ethnic population like Malaysia. This systematic review aims to determine the trend in prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Malaysia.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Malaysian Medical Repository and Malaysia Citation Index published between 1980 and 2017. All original articles in English were included. Studies included were those on adults aged 18 years and above. Studies of prevalence in children and adolescents and pregnancy related hypertension were excluded. Two authors independently reviewed the studies, carried out data extraction and performed quality assessment. Heterogeneity between studies and publication bias was assessed and effect size was pooled by the random effect model.ResultsFifty-six studies with a total of 241,796 subjects were included. The prevalence of hypertension throughout Malaysia varied (I2= 99.3%). The overall pooled prevalence of hypertension over the past 4 decades was 28.2% in adults aged 18 years and older (95% CI: 26.1 – 33.3) and the prevalence in those 30 years and older was 40.0% (95% CI: 35.3-44.8).For subgroup analysis, the prevalence of hypertension in male aged 18 and above was 31.4% (95% CI: 26.5 - 36.2) and 27.8% in female (95% CI: 20.7 – 34.9). The prevalence of hypertension among the ethnic groups aged 18 years and above were 37.3% in Malays (95% CI: 32.9 – 41.7); 36.4% in Chinese (95% CI 31.6 - 41.2) and 34.8% in Indians (95% CI: 31.2-38.4). The prevalence of hypertension was the lowest in the 1980s (16.2%, 95% CI: 13.4-19.0%), increases up to 36.8% in the 1990s (95% CI: 6.1-67.5), then came down to 28.7% (95% CI: 21.7-35.8) in the 2000s and 29.2% (95% CI: 24.0-34.4) in the 2010s. The prevalence of awareness was 38.7% (95% CI: 31.7 – 45.8) whereas the control of hypertension of those on treatment was 33.3% (95% CI: 28.4 – 38.2).ConclusionThree in 10 adults aged 18 years old and above have hypertension, whereas four in 10 adults aged 30 years old and above have hypertension. Four out of 10 are aware of their hypertension status and only one-third of them who were under treatment achieved control of their hypertension. Concerted efforts by policymakers and healthcare professionals to improve the awareness and control of hypertension should be of high priority.

scholarly journals Variation in outcome of invasive mechanical ventilation between different countries for patients with severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany Hasan Elsayed ◽  
Aly Sherif Hassaballa ◽  
Taha Aly Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Gumaa ◽  
Hazem Youssef Sharkawy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Meta Regression

Abstract Background: COVID 19 is the most recent cause of Adult respiratory distress syndrome ARDS. Invasive mechanical ventilation IMV can support gas exchange in patients failing non-invasive ventilation, but its reported outcome is highly variable between countries. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on IMV for COVID-associated ARDS to study its outcome among different countries.Methods: CENTRAL, MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched from June 8 2019 to June 8, 2020. Studies reporting five or more patients with end point outcome for severe COVID 19 infection treated with IMV were included. The main outcome assessed was mortality. Baseline, procedural, outcome, and validity data were systematically appraised and pooled with random-effect methods. Subgroup analysis for different countries was performed. Meta-regression for the effect of study timing and patient age and were tested. Publication bias was examined. This trial was registered with PROSPERO under registration number CRD42020190365Findings: Our electronic search retrieved 4770 citations, 103 of which were selected for full-text review. Twenty-one studies with a combined population of 37359 patients with COVID-19 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. From this population, 5800 patients were treated by invasive mechanical ventilation. Out of those, 3301 patients reached an endpoint of ICU discharge or death after invasive mechanical ventilation while the rest were still in the ICU. Mortality from IMV was highly variable among the included studies ranging between 21% and 100%. Random-effect pooled estimates suggested an overall in-hospital mortality risk ratio of 0.70 (95% confidence interval 0.608 to 0.797; I2 = 98%). Subgroup analysis according to country of origin showed homogeneity in the 8 Chinese studies with high pooled mortality risk ratio of 0.97 (I2 = 24%, p=0.23) (95% CI = 0.94-1.00), similar to Italy with a low pooled mortality risk ratio of 0.26 (95% CI 0.08-0.43) with homogeneity (p=0.86) while the later larger studies coming from the USA showed pooled estimate mortality risk ratio of 0.60 (95% CI 0.43-0.76) with persistent heterogeneity (I2 = 98%, p<0.001). Meta-regression showed that outcome from IMV improved with time (p<0.001). Age had no statistically significant effect on mortality (p= 0.102). Publication bias was excluded by visualizing the funnel plot of standard error, Egger's test with p=0.714 and Begg&Mazumdar test with p=0.334Interpretation: The study included the largest number of patients with outcome findings of IMV in this current pandemic. Our findings showed that the use of IMV for selected COVID 19 patients with severe ARDS carries a high mortality, but outcome has improved over the last few months and in more recent studies. The results should encourage physicians to use this facility when indicated for severely ill COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals The Acceptance Rate Toward COVID-19 Vaccine in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110487
Author(s):  
Addisu Dabi Wake
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Acceptance Rate ◽  
The People ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains serious public issue. COVID-19 vaccine is a vital strategy to prevent this critical pandemic. However, unwillingness to take this vaccine are key barriers to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. The control of this pandemic will depend principally on the people acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was intended to determine the acceptance rate toward COVID-19 vaccine in Africa. Methods: African Journals OnLine, PubMed, Cochrane Review, HINARI, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to retrieve related articles. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used for this study. Random-effect model, a funnel plot, Egger’s test, I2 statistic, subgroup analysis was done. The study was performed by using a STATA version 11 statistical software. Results: A total of 22 studies with 33,912 study participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. From this finding, the pooled prevalence of acceptance toward COVID-19 vaccine among adults in Africa was 48.93% (95% CI: [39.49, 58.37]). The subgroup analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among adults in Africa was highest (66.03%, 95% CI [62.84, 69.22]) in Southern Africa, and Lowest (24.28%, 95% CI [3.26, 45.30]) in Northern Africa. Conclusion: This study showed that the estimate of the pooled prevalence of acceptance toward COVID-19 vaccine among adults in Africa was very low. All concerned bodies should be actively involved to improve the acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine.

scholarly journals Reference Values for Maximal Inspiratory Pressure: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela MB Sclauser Pessoa ◽  
Verônica Franco Parreira ◽  
Guilherme AF Fregonezi ◽  
A William Sheel ◽  
Frank Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Strength

BACKGROUND: Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) is the most commonly used measure to evaluate inspiratory muscle strength. Normative values for MIP vary significantly among studies, which may reflect differences in participant demographics and technique of MIP measurement.OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review with meta-analyses to synthesize MIP values that represent healthy adults.METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) and Sport Discus databases. Two reviewers identified and selected articles, and abstracted data. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool. A random-effects model was used to calculate overall means and 95% CIs.RESULTS: Of 22 included articles, MIP data were synthesized according to age group and sex from six reports (n=840) in the meta-analyses. The mean QUADAS score was 3.5 of 7. The age range was between 18 and 83 years (426 men, 414 women). MIP began to decrease with age in the 40 to 60 years age range and continued to fall progressively with age. For the same age group, men tended to have higher MIPs than women. Sensitivity analysis of withdrawing studies from the meta-analysis identified one study that contributed more to heterogeneity in some age groups.DISCUSSION: MIP was higher in men and decreased with age, which was initially apparent in middle age. Several characteristics of participants and MIP technique influence values in healthy individuals.CONCLUSIONS: The present meta-analysis provides normative MIP values that are reflective of a large sample (n=840) and likely represents the broadest representation of participant characteristics compared with previous reports of normative data.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding and risk of childhood asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 00504-2021
Author(s):  
Mike Xue ◽  
Emily Dehaas ◽  
Nagendra Chaudhary ◽  
Paul O'Byrne ◽  
Imran Satia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Stratified Analysis

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between breastfeeding and the development of pediatric asthma.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted with MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health source databases. Retrospective/prospective cohorts in children <18 years old with breastfeeding exposure reported were included. The primary outcome was a diagnosis of asthma by a physician or using a guideline-based criterion. A secondary outcome was asthma severity.ResultsForty-two studies met inclusion criteria. Thirty-seven studies reported the primary outcome of physician/guideline-diagnosed asthma, and five studies reported effects on asthma severity. Children with longer duration/more breastfeeding compared to less have a lower risk of asthma (OR=0.84; 95% CI: 0.75–0.93, I2=62.4%). Similarly, a lower risk of asthma was found in children who had more exclusive breastfeeding versus less exclusive breastfeeding (0.81; 0.72–0.91, I2=44%). Further stratified analysis of different age groups demonstrated a lower risk of asthma in the 0–2 age group (0.73; 0.63–0.83) and the 3–6 age group (0.69; 0.55–0.87), there was no statistically significant effect on the 7+ age group.ConclusionThe finding suggests that the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding are associated with a lower risk of asthma in children less than seven years of age.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sedentary Time and Behaviour in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11286
Author(s):  
Adam Runacres ◽  
Kelly A. Mackintosh ◽  
Rachel L. Knight ◽  
Liba Sheeran ◽  
Rhys Thatcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Behaviour Type

The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the change in sedentary time during the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on health outcomes in the general population. One thousand six hundred and one articles published after 2019 were retrieved from five databases, of which 64 and 40 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. Studies were grouped according to population: children (<18 years), adults (18–64 years) and older adults (>65 years). Average sedentary time was calculated, with sub-analyses performed by country, behaviour type and health outcomes. Children were most affected, increasing their sedentary time by 159.5 ± 142.6 min day−1, followed by adults (+126.9 ± 42.2 min day−1) and older adults (+46.9 ± 22.0 min day−1). There were no sex differences in any age group. Screen time was the only consistently measured behaviour and accounted for 46.8% and 57.2% of total sedentary time in children and adults, respectively. Increases in sedentary time were negatively correlated with global mental health, depression, anxiety and quality of life, irrespective of age. Whilst lockdown negatively affected all age groups, children were more negatively affected than adults or older adults, highlighting this population as a key intervention target. As lockdowns ease worldwide, strategies should be employed to reduce time spent sedentary. Trial registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020208909).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Malaria among Adults in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fasil Adugna Kendie ◽  
Tamirat Hailegebriel W/kiros ◽  
Endalkachew Nibret Semegn ◽  
Melaku Wale Ferede
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Background. Malaria is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in tropical and subtropical regions. The bulk of the global malaria burden is in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. Malaria adversely affects the health of the peoples as well as the economic development of many developing countries including Ethiopia. Methods. This review article was reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Related published articles were searched from online public databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The search approach used to retrieve related articles were “prevalence,” “malaria,” “adults,” and “Ethiopia.” The quality of articles was assessed using Joana Brigg’s Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. The meta-analysis was computed using STATA version 14. The pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval were analyzed using a random-effect model, and the possible source of heterogeneity across studies was indicated through subgroup analysis, inverse of variance (I2), and time series analysis. The presence of publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Results. Out of 144 studies collected, only eight full-text articles were screened and included in the final quantitative meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of malaria among adults in Ethiopia was 13.61%. Subgroup analysis based on types of malaria cases showed that the prevalence of malaria among symptomatic and asymptomatic adults was 15.34% and 11.99%, respectively. Similarly, regional subgroup analysis showed that the highest malaria prevalence was recorded in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) (16.17%) followed by Oromia Regional State (13.11%) and Amhara Regional State (12.41%). Discussion and Conclusion. The current systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of malaria among adults was found to be greater than the general population and nearly equal to pregnant women. Therefore, the current prevention and control measures, which are related to both vectors and parasites, should be strengthened.

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