Cellobiose dehydrogenase from the agaricomycete Coprinellus aureogranulatus and its application for the synergistic conversion of rice straw

AbstractFrom the biotechnological viewpoint, the enzymatic disintegration of plant lignocellulosic biomass is a promising goal since it would deliver fermentable sugars for the chemical sector. Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is a vital component of the extracellular lignocellulose-degrading enzyme system of fungi and has a great potential to improve catalyst efficiency for biomass processing. In the present study, a CDH from a newly isolated strain of the agaricomycete Coprinellus aureogranulatus (CauCDH) was successfully purified with a specific activity of 28.9 U mg−1. This pure enzyme (MW = 109 kDa, pI = 5.4) displayed the high oxidative activity towards β-1–4-linked oligosaccharides. Not least, CauCDH was used for the enzymatic degradation of rice straw without chemical pretreatment. As main metabolites, glucose (up to 165.18 ± 3.19 mg g−1), xylose (64.21 ± 1.22 mg g−1), and gluconic acid (5.17 ± 0.13 mg g−1) could be identified during the synergistic conversion of this raw material with the fungal hydrolases (e.g., esterase, cellulase, and xylanase) and further optimization by using an RSM statistical approach.

Download Full-text

Utilization of Rice Straw as a Raw Material for Food Packaging

Bio‐based Packaging ◽

10.1002/9781119381228.ch12 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 205-224

Author(s):

Rushdan Ibrahim ◽

S.M Sapuan ◽

R.A Ilyas ◽

M.S.N. Atikah

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Raw Material

Download Full-text

N-Doped Biochar as a New Metal-Free Activator of Peroxymonosulfate for Singlet Oxygen-Dominated Catalytic Degradation of Acid Orange 7

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11092288 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2288

Author(s):

Ruirui Han ◽

Yingsen Fang ◽

Ping Sun ◽

Kai Xie ◽

Zhicai Zhai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Free Radical Oxidation ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Catalytic Degradation ◽

Raw Material ◽

Composite Catalyst ◽

Acid Orange 7 ◽

Radical Oxidation ◽

Acid Orange

In this paper, using rice straw as a raw material and urea as a nitrogen precursor, a composite catalyst (a nitrogen-doped rice straw biochar at the pyrolysis temperature of 800 °C, recorded as NRSBC800) was synthesized by one-step pyrolysis. NRSBC800 was then characterized using XPS, BET, TEM and other technologies, and its catalytic performance as an activator for permonosulfate (PMS) to degrade acid orange 7 (AO7) was studied. The results show that the introduction of N-doping significantly improved the catalytic performance of NRSBC800. The NRSBC800/PMS oxidation system could fully degrade AO7 within 30 min, with the reaction rate constant (2.1 × 10 −1 min−1) being 38 times that of RSBC800 (5.5 × 10−3 min−1). Moreover, NRSBC800 not only had better catalytic performance than traditional metal oxides (Co3O4 and Fe3O4) and carbon nanomaterial (CNT) but also received less impact from environmental water factors (such as anions and humic acids) during the catalytic degradation process. In addition, a quenching test and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) research both indicated that AO7 degradation relied mainly on non-free radical oxidation (primarily singlet oxygen (1O2)). A recycling experiment further demonstrated NRSBC800’s high stability after recycling three times.

Download Full-text

The study of patterns of influence of alkali treatment on properties of organosolvent cellulose from straw of rice

Известия СПбЛТА ◽

10.21266/2079-4304.2018.223.228-248 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

А.В. Вураско ◽

Е.И. Симонова ◽

А.Р. Минакова ◽

Д.Д. Манойлович

Keyword(s):

Metal Ions ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Alkaline Treatment ◽

Raw Material ◽

High Yield ◽

Color Determination ◽

Visual Color

Получение доступных сорбентов на основе природных материалов, для визуального колористического определения содержания ионов металлов в загрязненных природных и сточных водах является актуальным направлением исследований. Сорбенты на основе технической целлюлозы удовлетворяют этим требованиям. В работе для получения технической целлюлозы предложено использовать биомассу соломы риса. Для удаления из соломы риса минерального компонента при проведении окислительно-органосольвентной варки используют стадию щелочной обработки, которая приводит к деструкции полисахаридов, снижая выход технической целлюлозы. В связи с этим целью работы является изучение закономерностей проведения щелочной обработки соломы риса для максимального сохранения высокого выхода технической целлюлозы, извлечения минеральной части и возможности применения данной целлюлозы в качестве колористического сорбента. С учетом предварительных исследований найдены оптимальные значения технологических факторов, обеспечивающих высокий выход волокнистого материала из соломы риса при минимальном содержании в нем минеральных компонентов. Последующая органосольвентная варка позволяет получить техническую целлюлозу с выходом – 48,8% от абсолютно сухого сырья (а.с.с), зольностью 0,05% от а.с.с., содержанием лигнина 2,5% от а.с.с., удовлетворительными прочностными характеристиками, высокими сорбционными свойствами, необходимой белизной и рН водной вытяжки. Выявлено, что техническая целлюлоза из соломы риса содержит металлы, накопленные биомассой за вегетативный период. Щелочная обработка и окислительно-органосольвентная делигнификация в большинстве случаев приводят к снижению концентрации металлов в технической целлюлозе. Исключение составляют алюминий, железо и свинец, содержание которых в технической целлюлозе увеличивается. Таким образом, целлюлоза, полученная в оптимальных условиях щелочной обработки и последующей окислительно-органосольвентной варки из соломы риса, с учетом содержащихся в ней металлов, пригодна для использования в качестве сорбента для визуального колористического определения содержания ионов металлов в загрязненных природных и сточных водах. Receive available sorbents based on natural materials for visual color determination of the content of metal ions in contaminated natural and waste waters is a topical area of research. Sorbents on the basis of technical cellulose satisfy these requirements. In the process of obtaining technical cellulose is proposed to use biomass straw rice. Removal of straw rice mineral component when carrying out the oxidation-organosolvent use the cooking stage alkali treatment, which leads to degradation of polysaccharides, reducing the output of technical cellulose. In this regard, the aim of this work is to study the regularities of the alkaline treatment of rice straw for maximum preservation of the high output technical cellulose, extracting the mineral and the possibility of using the cellulose as the colour of the sorbent. Taking into account the preliminary studies, optimal conditions of technological factors were found ensuring a high yield of fibrous material from rice straw with a minimum content of mineral components in it. Subsequent organosolvent pulping yields technical pulp with a yield of 48.8% bone dry raw material (BDRM), an mineral ash content of 0.05% of BDRM, a lignin content of 2.5% of BDRM, satisfactory strength properties, high sorption properties, the necessary whiteness and pH of aqueous extract. It is revealed that the technical cellulose from straw of rice contains metals accumulated biomass during the vegetation period. Alkaline treatment and oxidative-organosolvent the delignification in most cases leads to a decrease of metal concentrations in pulp technical. With the exception of aluminum, iron and lead, the content of which is technical cellulose increases. Thus, cellulose obtained in optimum conditions of alkaline treatment and subsequent oxidation-organosolvent pulping of straw of rice, taking into account the contained metals suitable for use as a sorbent for visual color determination of the content of metal ions in polluted natural and sewage waters.

Download Full-text

A novel high performance metagenome-derived alkali-thermostable endo-β-1,4-glucanase for lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis in the harsh conditions

10.21203/rs.2.23802/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shohreh Ariaeenejad ◽

Atefeh Sheykhabdolahzadeh ◽

Morteza Maleki ◽

Kaveh Kavousi ◽

Mehdi Foroozandeh Shahraki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Extreme Temperature ◽

In Silico Analysis ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Biomass Hydrolysis ◽

Harsh Condition

Abstract Background: Lignocellulosic biomass, is a great resource for the production of bio-energy and bio-based material since it is largely abundant, inexpensive and renewable. The requirement of new energy sources has led to a wide search for novel effective enzymes to improve the exploitation of lignocellulose, among which the importance of thermostable and halotolerant cellulase enzymes with high pH performance is significant. Results: The primary aim of this study was to discover a novel alkali-thermostable endo-β-1,4-glucanase from the sheep rumen metagenome. Using a multi-step in-silico analysis, primary candidates with desired properties were found and subjected to cloning, expression, and purification followed by functional and structural characterization. The enzymes' kinetic parameters, including V max , Km, and specific activity, were calculated. The PersiCel4 demonstrated its optimum activity at pH 8.5 and a temperature of 85°C and was able to retain more than 70% of its activity after 150 hours of storage at 85°C. Furthermore, this enzyme was able to maintain its catalytic activity in the presence of different concentrations of NaCl, MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 , and MnCl 2 . Our results showed that treatment with MnCl 2 could enhance the enzyme’s activity by 89%. PersiCel4 was ultimately used for enzymatic hydrolysis of autoclave pretreated rice straw, the most abundant agricultural waste with rich cellulose content. In autoclave treated rice straw, enzymatic hydrolysis with the PersiCel4 increased the release of reducing sugar up to 260% after 72 hours in the harsh condition ( T= 85°C, pH = 8.5). Conclusion: Considering the urgent demand for stable cellulases that are operational on extreme temperature and pH conditions and due to several proposed distinctive characteristics of PersiCel4, it can be used in the harsh condition for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.

Download Full-text

EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION OF VEGETABLE PEROXIDASE: A REVIEW

Periódico Tchê Química ◽

10.52571/ptq.v16.n31.2020.702_periodico31_pgs_692_703.pdf ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (31) ◽

pp. 692-703

Author(s):

Aline HAAS ◽

Cleiton VAZ ◽

Aniela Pinto KEMPKA

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Raw Material ◽

Partial Purification ◽

Buffer Solution ◽

Degradation Of Dyes ◽

Extraction And Purification ◽

Wide Range ◽

Purification Methods

Peroxidases are enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of various substrates, maintaining their enzymatic activity in wide ranges of pH and temperatures. These enzymes are used in processes for the degradation of dyes and phenolic compounds. Peroxidases are present in the tissues of several plants, and the search for new sources of this enzyme is necessary. This literature review aims to compile information about the extraction and/or purification of peroxidases contained in different plant tissues, presenting extraction methods, purification processes, enzymatic activities and their increments, according to the chemical and physical processes applied. Several plant sources can be raw material to obtain these enzymes, through different forms of extraction, where the processes of comminution predominate in the presence of buffer solution. For partial purification, are used precipitation with solvents (acetone and ethanol) and salts (ammonium sulfate) and centrifugation. For purification, chromatographic processes are used, in which molecular exclusion and affinity chromatography are prominent. It is concluded that there is a wide range of possibilities for obtaining the enzyme peroxidase from plants, with variability in the enzymatic activity when different extraction methods are applied. The purification methods used provide increases in the specific activity of the peroxidases.

Download Full-text

Enzyme degradation mechanism of white rot fungi and its research progress on Refractory Wastewater

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202123701002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 237 ◽

pp. 01002

Author(s):

ShiYuan Huang ◽

Sheng Li ◽

ZhenYu Wang ◽

SenHuan Lin ◽

Jian Deng

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Enzymatic Degradation ◽

Enzyme System ◽

Degradation Mechanism ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot ◽

Research Progress ◽

Degrading Enzyme ◽

Research Status ◽

Enzyme Degradation

The lignin-degrading enzyme system of white rot fungi is highly efficient and non-specific, and can degrade a variety of pollutants, including dyes, phenolic compounds and pesticides.The article presents an overview of the mechanism of enzymatic degradation of white rot fungi and its research status in several refractory wastewater were described.

Download Full-text

Atmospheric Acetic Acid Pulping of Rice Straw IV: Physico-Chemical Characterization of Acetic Acid Lignins from Rice Straw and Woods. Part 2. Chemical Structures

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf.1999.098 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 590-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Xue-Jun Pan ◽

Yoshihiro Sano

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Raw Material ◽

Permanganate Oxidation ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Chelating Resins ◽

Elementary Analysis ◽

Physico Chemical

Summary Acetic acid lignins from rice straw (RLs), birch (BL) and fir (FL) were chemically characterized by means of elementary analysis, functional groups analysis, alkaline nitrobenzene and permanganate oxidation, Mannich reactivity and other techniques. The results showed that RLs had higher contents of residual polysaccharide and protein, and remarkably fewer acetyl groups than BL and FL. Results of nitrobenzene and permanganate oxidation indicated that RLs were remarkably more condensed than the native lignin in rice straw. In addition, the results of Mannich reactivity showed that RLs were more reactive toward modification than BL and FL, and might be a good raw material for lignin derivatives, such as lignin adhesives and chelating resins.

Download Full-text

Feasibility of rice straw as a raw material for the production of soda cellulose pulp

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.03.011 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (10-11) ◽

pp. 1084-1091 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Alejandro Rodríguez ◽

Rafael Sánchez ◽

Ana Requejo ◽

Ana Ferrer

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Raw Material ◽

Soda Cellulose ◽

Cellulose Pulp

Download Full-text

Biochemical characterization and synergism of cellulolytic enzyme system from Chaetomium globosum on rice straw saccharification

BMC Biotechnology ◽

10.1186/s12896-016-0312-7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Wanwitoo Wanmolee ◽

Warasirin Sornlake ◽

Nakul Rattanaphan ◽

Surisa Suwannarangsee ◽

Navadol Laosiripojana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Enzyme System ◽

Chaetomium Globosum ◽

Cellulolytic Enzyme

Download Full-text

Conversion of Flavanone to Flavone, Dihydroflavonol and Flavonol with an Enzyme System from Cell Cultures of Parsley

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1981-9-1009 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 36 (9-10) ◽

pp. 742-750 ◽

Cited By ~ 106

Author(s):

L. Britsch ◽

W. Heller ◽

H. Grisebach

Keyword(s):

Microsomal Fraction ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Enzyme System ◽

High Specific Activity ◽

Cell Suspension Cultures ◽

Soluble Enzyme ◽

Enzyme Preparations ◽

Malonyl Coa ◽

In Vitro Biosynthesis

Abstract Soluble enzyme preparations from irradiated cell suspension cultures of parsley (Petroselinum hortense Hoffm.) catalyse the conversion of flavanone to flavone, dihydroflavonol and flavonol. These reactions require 2-oxoglutarate, Fe2+ and ascorbate as cofactors. In the presence of these cofactors conversion of dihydroflavonol to flavonol was also observed. With this system in vitro biosynthesis of radioactive flavone, dihydroflavonol and flavonol from [2-14C]malonyl-CoA and 4-coumaroyl-CoA in good yield and with high specific activity is possible.We postulate that synthesis of flavone and flavonol from flavanone proceeds via 2-hydroxy-and 2,3-dihydroxyflavanone, respectively, with subsequent dehydration.The microsomal fraction of the parsley cells contains an NADPH-dependent flavanone 3'-hydroxylase.

Download Full-text