scholarly journals Evaluation on the Bond Capacity of the Fire-Protected FRP Bonded to Concrete Under High Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-yeon Seo ◽  
Jong-wook Lim ◽  
Su-hyun Jeong
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Board Type ◽  
The Face

AbstractTo figure out the change in the reinforcing effect of FRP system used for the retrofit of RC beam when it is exposed to high temperature, it is required to evaluate not only the behavior of the entire beam, but also the bond performance at anchorage zone through a bond test according to the increase of external temperature. Moreover, the study to find various fire-protection methods is necessary to prevent the epoxy from reaching the critical temperature during an exposure to high temperature. In this manner, the fire-resistance performances of externally bonded (EB) FRP and near-surface-mounted (NSM) FRP to concrete block were evaluated by high-temperature exposure tests after performing a fire-protection on the surface in this paper. Board-type insulation with mortar was considered for the fire-protection of FRP system. After the fire-protection of the FRPs bonded to concrete blocks, an increasing exposure temperature was applied to the specimens with keeping a constant shear bond stress between concrete and the FRP. Based on the result, the temperature when the bond strength of the FRP disappears was evaluated. In addition, a finite element analysis was performed to find a proper method for predicting the temperature variation of the epoxy which is fire-protected with board-type insulation during the increase of external temperature. As a result of the test, despite the same fire-protection, NSM specimens were able to resist 1.54–2.08 times higher temperature than EB specimens. In the design of fire-protection of FRP system with the board-type insulation, it is necessary to consider the transfer from sides as well as the face with FRP. If there is no insulation of FP boards on the sides, the epoxy easily reaches its critical temperature by the heat penetrated to the sides, and increasing the thickness of the FP board alone for the face with FRP does not increase the fire-resistance capacity. As a result of the FE analysis, the temperature variation at epoxy can be predicted using the analytical approach with the proper thermal properties of FP mortar and board.

Design Study of Steel Structure Fire-Retardant Coatings under High Temperature (Fire) Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 849-859
Author(s):  
Man Li Ou ◽  
Wei Jun Cao ◽  
Long Min Jiang ◽  
Hui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Fire Conditions

As the result of great changes occurring to mechanical properties under high temperature (fire) conditions, steel structures will soon lose the strength and stiffness and lead to structural damage. Through analysis of the steel structure fire resistance design methods under the conditions of high temperature (fire), this article explores the most used fire protection methods in steel structures—brushing or painting fire-resistant coatings, studies the fire-resistance theory of steel structure under fire conditions; in addition, the author proposes the reasonable thickness of the steel structure fire retardant coating of fire-resistant design through design examples.

scholarly journals Fire Resistance of Alkali Activated Geopolymer Foams Produced from Metakaolin and Na2O2

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Peng ◽  
Han Li ◽  
Qin Shuai ◽  
Liancong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
High Temperature Processes ◽  
Alkali Activated ◽  
Resistance Tests

This work aims to investigate the feasibility that alkali-based geopolymer foams produced from metakaolin and Na2O2 are applied for fire protection. Dry bulk density, porosity, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and fire resistance of the geopolymer foams are discussed as a function of the Na2O2 amounts. As Na2O2 content varies from 1% to 4%, dry bulk density, mechanical strength and thermal conductivity of the geopolymer foams approximately exhibit opposite trends with that of the porosity. At the later stage of the 3 h fire-resistance tests, the reverse-side temperatures of all tested samples were always maintained at 220–250 °C. Meanwhile, the amorphous skeleton structures have been converted to smooth ceramics during the high temperature processes, which is the main reason that the geopolymer foams possess a stable porous structure and excellent fire resistance. Therefore, we could conclude that alkali-activated geopolymer foams with extraordinary fire resistance have great potential for fire protection applications.

Effectiveness of damaged fireproofing in structural steel members subjected to fire

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ataollah Taghipour Anvari ◽  
Mustafa Mahamid ◽  
Michael McNallan ◽  
Mohammadreza Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Steel Members ◽  
Resistance Reduction

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the effect of damaged fireproofing on structural steel members. This study will show that a minor damage in fireproofing will reduce the fire rating of members significantly. Damaged fireproofing happens in structures due to various reasons, and the question is always how effective is this fireproofing? This paper presents the results of one type of fireproofing and presents a parametric study on the size of damage and its effect on fire resistance of structural steel members. Design/methodology/approach The study has been performed using numerical methods, thermal and structural finite element analysis. The analysis method has been verified by experimental results. Findings Small fire protection damage or loss leads to significant rise of temperature at the damaged parts and causes severe fire resistance reduction of beams. The higher fire protection damage’s extension at the bottom flange of the steel beams does not have any major influence on the rate of reduction of fire resistance of the beams. Steel beams experience greater fire resistance reduction at higher load levels because of the existing of higher stresses and loads within the steel beam section. Research limitations/implications The study has been performed using finite element analysis, and it covers a wide range of practical sizes. However, experimental work will be performed by the researchers when funding is granted. Practical implications The study provides researchers and practitioners with an estimate on the effect of damaged fireproofing on fire resistance of structural steel beams. Social implications Understanding the effect of the effect of damaged fireproofing helps in estimating the fire resistance of structural steel members, which may protect collapses and disasters. Originality/value The research is original; extensive literature review has been performed, and this research is original.

Effects and Behavior of Implanted Fluorine in High Temperature Superconductors

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Tesmer ◽  
C. J. Maggiore ◽  
M. Nastasi ◽  
S-W. Cheong ◽  
C-M. Dick
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
And Behavior

ABSTRACTThe effects of implanted fluorine on the resistivity of high temperature superconductors and its diffusion within the superconductors have been studied in an attempt to duplicate a recent report of enhanced critical temperatures. Implanted fluorine was found to have no effect on the critical temperature and, upon heating, the fluorine diffuses out of the near surface.

ALLEGHENY STAINLESS TYPE 405

Alloy Digest ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract ALLEGHENY STAINLESS Type 405, unlike most other 12% chromium steels, is not subject to appreciable hardening through air cooling from high temperatures. This is an advantageous characteristic in those applications where a soft, ductile material is required after rapid cooling from above the critical temperature. The nonhardening tendency of Type 405 also retards the formation of hardening cracks where welding is employed. Its uses include annealing boxes and baffles where hardening during cooling would be undesirable. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as heat treating and machining. Filing Code: SS-461. Producer or source: Allegheny Ludlum Corporation.

scholarly journals Case Study on Fire Resistance of Sandwiches for Means of Transport

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Pavel Koštial ◽  
Zora Koštialová Jančíková ◽  
Robert Frischer
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aluminum Honeycomb ◽  
Heat Loads

These days there are undeniably unique materials that, however, must also meet demanding safety requirements. In the case of vehicles, these are undoubtedly excellent fire protection characteristics. The aim of the work is to experimentally verify the proposed material compositions for long-term heat loads and the effect of thickness, the number of laminating layers (prepregs) as well as structures with different types of cores (primarily honeycomb made of Nomex paper type T722 of different densities, aluminum honeycomb and PET foam) and composite coating based on a glass-reinforced phenolic matrix. The selected materials are suitable candidates for intelligent sandwich structures, usable especially for interior cladding applications in the industry for the production of means of public transport (e.g., train units, trams, buses, hybrid vehicles).

scholarly journals Cooper Pair-Like Systems at High Temperature and their Role on Fluctuations Near the Critical Temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (29n31) ◽  
pp. 3216-3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ausloos ◽  
S. Dorbolo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Cooper Pair ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Anomalous Effect ◽  
Linear Temperature ◽  
Ybco Sample

A logarithmic behavior is hidden in the linear temperature regime of the electrical resistivity R(T) of some YBCO sample below 2T c where "pairs" break apart, fluctuations occur and "a gap is opening". An anomalous effect also occurs near 200 K in the normal state Hall coefficient. In a simulation of oxygen diffusion in planar 123 YBCO, an anomalous behavior is found in the oxygen-vacancy motion near such a temperature. We claim that the behavior of the specific heat above and near the critical temperature should be reexamined in order to show the influence and implications of fluctuations and dimensionality on the nature of the phase transition and on the true onset temperature.

Creep Modeling of Welded Joints Using the Theta Projection Concept and Finite Element Analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Law ◽  
W. Payten ◽  
K. Snowden
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Projection Data ◽  
Predictive Capability ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Modeling of welded joints under creep conditions with finite element analysis was undertaken using the theta projection method. The results were compared to modeling based on a simple Norton law. Theta projection data extends the accuracy and predictive capability of finite element modeling of critical structures operating at high temperature and pressure. In some cases analyzed, it was found that the results diverged from those gained using a Norton law creep model. [S0094-9930(00)00601-6]

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