scholarly journals Happiness in marginalized populations: a community–based study in South Central Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Kazemi ◽  
Behnam Honarvar ◽  
S. Taghi Heydari ◽  
Hassan Joulaei ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rahmanian Haghighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Iran ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Central ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Unemployed

Abstract Background Happiness has multiple levels and determinants in different communities, cultures, and social groups. The current study aimed to investigate happiness and its main determinants in slums in south central Iran. Methods This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of adults at least 18 years of age living in the biggest slum area in Shiraz, south central Iran. To determine levels of happiness, participants were asked to complete the Persian version of the GHQ28 questionnaire and a checklist based on the 2017 World Happiness Report. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 19. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results The mean age of the participants was 42.06 ± 16.34 years. Overall, 542 participants (45 %) were females, 257 (21.3 %) were illiterate, 678 (56.3 %) were married, and 495 (41.1 %) were unemployed and lived with their household. The happiness score, according to the Cantril ladder score, was 6.41 ± 2 (out of a total score of 10). Happiness was not correlated with gender (p = 0.37) or immigration (p = 0.06). Lower levels of happiness were seen in older adults (r=− 0.12, p < 0.001), illiterates (p = 0.03), the unemployed (p < 0.001), and people separated from their spouses (p < 0.001). Job satisfaction (p < 0.001, r = 0.47), total general health (p < 0.001, r=-0.36) and hope (p < 0.001, r = 0.41) were significantly correlated with happiness. Social support (< 0.001) and sufficient income and satisfaction (p < 0.001) were related with a higher score of happiness. Conclusions Marital status, smoking, employment and job satisfaction, social support and trust, feelings of insecurity in the neighborhood, hope for the future, facing violence, and income satisfaction were the main determinants of happiness in the Sang Siah slum area.

scholarly journals Occupational identity, job satisfaction and their effects on turnover intention among Chinese Paediatricians: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjun Deng ◽  
Zhichun Feng ◽  
Xinying Yao ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Identity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
South Central

Abstract Background This study contributes to research on the paediatrician shortage by examining occupational identity, job satisfaction and their effects on turnover intention among paediatricians in China. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey. Of the 4906 survey recipients, valid data were collected from 4198 of the respondents (85.6%). The participants were from seven geographic regions of China (south, central, north, east, northwest, southwest, and northeast). Paediatricians who volunteered and provided written informed consent participated. All variables including basic socio-demographics and work-related characteristics, occupational identity, job satisfaction and turnover intention were based on available literature, and measured on a 5- point Likert scale. Statistical methods such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA), descriptive analysis, common method bias, one-way ANOVA test, Pearson correlation analysis and mediation analysis were used. Results Significant differences were observed among the respondents in terms of turnover intention based on age, education level, marital status, region, the type and grade of practice setting, professional title, years in practise, workload, rest days, and monthly income. Occupational identity and job satisfaction were both negatively related to turnover intention, and occupational identity was positively correlated with job satisfaction (r1 = − 0.601, p < 0.01; r2 = − 0.605, p < 0.01). The results also showed that job satisfaction played a mediating role in the association between occupational identity and turnover intention among Chinese paediatricians. Conclusions Work conditions, workload and salary are crucial factors of turnover intention among paediatricians in China. Therefore, we suggest that healthcare managers should increase investment in paediatrics, implement salary reforms and dedicate more attention to female and young paediatricians, thus reducing turnover intention among Chinese paediatricians.

Moderating Role of School Climate Into the Relationship Perceived Social Support, Perceived Rewards and Job Satisfaction Amongst the Newly Hired Educators: Evidence From Bahawalpur District

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-441
Author(s):  
Rana Muhammad Shahid Yaqub ◽  
Bilal Javaid Gondal
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
School Climate ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Job satisfaction has gathered a lot of attention and focus throughout the world from scholars as well as researchers. This study aims to investigate and analyze the relationships among perceived social support, rewards, and job satisfaction. Additionally, the moderating effect of school climate will be investigated between the relationships of perceived social support and rewards with job satisfaction, respectively. Data were collected from 200 teachers working in government schools of Bahawalpur District using self-administered questionnaires. This research is a quantitative and cross-sectional study and it has adopted a convenience sampling technique. Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Partial Least Squares-Structured Equation Modelling are the tools that have been used for data analysis to test the hypotheses. The results and findings of this study, indicate that a positive and significant relationship exists between perceived social support and job satisfaction. Also, the relationship between rewards and job satisfaction is positive and significant. However, no moderation of school climate is observed in both relationships of perceived social support and rewards with job satisfaction. This study provides implications i.e. theoretical and practical with the addition of limitations of the study. Lastly,  future research directions are given as well.

scholarly journals Occupational Identity, Job Satisfaction and Their Effects on Turnover Intention among Chinese Pediatricians: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjun Deng ◽  
Zhichun Feng ◽  
Xinying Yao ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Occupational Identity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
North East ◽  
South Central

Abstract Objectives This study contributes to research on the paediatrician shortage by examining occupational identity, job satisfaction and their effects on turnover intention among pediatricians in China. Methods This study employed a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey. Of the 4906 survey recipients, valid data were collected from 4198 of the respondents (85.6%). Participants were from seven regions of China (south, central, north, east, northwest, southwest, northeast). Pediatricians who volunteered and provided informed, written consent participated.We analysed the collected data with descriptive analyses, one-way analysis, and pearson correlation analysis in SPSS 23.0; common method bias in AMOS 24.0; and mediating effect analysis in SPSSMARO.Results There were significant differences among the respondents in terms of TI based on age, education, marital status, region, type and grade of practice setting, professional title, years in practise, workload, rest days, and monthly income. Occupational identity and job satisfaction were both negatively related to turnover intention, and occupational identity was positively correlated with job satisfaction(r1=-0.601, p<0.001; r2=-0.605, p<0.001). And the result also showed that job satisfaction plays a mediating role in the association between occupational identity and turnover intention among Chinese pediatricians. Conclusions To reduce turnover intention among pediatricians in China, it is crucial to focus on three aspects: work condition, workload and salary. We suggest healthcare managers should increase investment in pediatric, carry out reforms on salary mechanism and pay more attention to female and young pediatricians.

scholarly journals Occupational Identity, Job Satisfaction and Their Effects on Turnover Intention among Chinese Pediatricians: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjun Deng ◽  
Zhichun Feng ◽  
Xinying Yao ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Occupational Identity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
South Central

Abstract Objectives This study contributes to research on the paediatrician shortage by examining occupational identity, job satisfaction and their effects on turnover intention among pediatricians in China. Methods This study employed a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey. Of the 4906 survey recipients, valid data were collected from 4198 of the respondents (85.6%). Participants were from seven regions of China (south, central, north, east, northwest, southwest, northeast). Pediatricians who volunteered and provided informed, written consent participated.All variables including basic socio-demographic and work-related characteristics, occupational identity, job satisfaction and turnover intention were based on available literature, and measured on a 5- point Likert scale.Such statistical methods as exploratory factor analysis (EFA), descriptive analysis, common method bias, one-way analysis, pearson correlation analysis and mediating effect analysis were used.Results There were significant differences among the respondents in terms of turnover intention based on age, education, marital status, region, type and grade of practice setting, professional title, years in practise, workload, rest days, and monthly income. Occupational identity and job satisfaction were both negatively related to turnover intention, and occupational identity was positively correlated with job satisfaction(r1=-0.601, p<0.001; r2=-0.605, p<0.001). And the result also showed that job satisfaction plays a mediating role in the association between occupational identity and turnover intention among Chinese pediatricians.Conclusions To reduce turnover intention among pediatricians in China, it is crucial to focus on three aspects: work condition, workload and salary. We suggest healthcare managers should increase investment in pediatric, carry out reforms on salary mechanism and pay more attention to female and young pediatricians.

scholarly journals Aflatoxin Exposure among Children of age 12-59 Months in Butajira District, South-Central Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ayele ◽  
Demewoz Haile ◽  
Silvia Alonso ◽  
Heven Sime ◽  
Adugna Abera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
South Central

Abstract Background The continued provision of safe food, free of aflatoxin remains a huge challenge in developing countries. Despite several favourable climatic conditions that facilitate aflatoxin contamination in Ethiopia, there is little information showing aflatoxin exposure in children. Therefore, this study assessed aflatoxin exposure among young children in Butajira district, South-Central Ethiopia. Methods Community based cross-sectional study stratified by agro-ecology was employed in Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) of Butajira. The study included 332 children aged 12–59 months and were selected by simple random sampling technique using the HDSS registration number as a sampling frame. We collected data on dietary practice and aflatoxin exposure. Aflatoxin M1 concentration in urine was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Detectable urinary Aflatoxin M1 was found in 62.4% (95% CI: 56.9–67.5%) of the children at a level ranging from 0.15 to 0.4ng/ml. Children living in lowland agro-ecological zone had [AOR = 2.11 (95% CI; 1.15, 3.88] about 2 folds higher odds of being exposed to aflatoxin as compared to children living in highland agro-ecological zone. Children at lower socio-economic status [AOR = 0.27 (95% CI; 0.14, 0.50] and medium socio-economic status [AOR = 0.47 (95% CI; 0.25, 0.87] had 73% and 53% lower odds of being exposed to aflatoxin as compared to children in the higher socio-economic status, respectively. Conclusions Aflatoxin exposure among young children was very high in South-Central Ethiopia. This high aflatoxin exposure might emphasize the need for aflatoxin exposure mitigation strategies in Ethiopia. Further research is required to assess long-term aflatoxin exposure and its association with child growth and development.

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