scholarly journals Humic substances from green compost increase bioactivity and antibacterial properties of essential oils in Basil leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariavittoria Verrillo ◽  
Vincenza Cozzolino ◽  
Riccardo Spaccini ◽  
Alessandro Piccolo
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas

Abstract Background The Essential oils (EOs) are important bioactive secondary metabolites of aromatic plants, such as Basil, and find extensive utilization in pharmaceutical sector as therapeutic agents. A more eco-friendly industrial production of EOs requires new sustainable methods to improve yield and quality of these bioactive compounds in aromatic plants. Here, we evaluated the biostimulation effects of natural organic materials, such as humic substances (HS) extracted from a humified green compost made with artichoke biomasses. Results The molecular characteristics of HS from green compost were determined by 13C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy and offline pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and combined to the bioactivity of the EOs extracts to investigate the structural–activity relationship. Basil plants were grown under HS treatments at different concentrations and the yield, the chemical composition and the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were determined for EOs extracted by steam distillation method from Basil leaves. HS showed a positive effect on total extraction yield of the most bioactive EO components, with a progressive enhancement of abundance for eugenol, eucalyptol and geranyl acetate with increasing HS concentrations. Humic biostimulation influenced the EOs antioxidant proprieties, as well as their antimicrobial activity against some common Gram-negative bacterial strains such as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The HS biostimulation of Basil plants was associated to their structural hydrophobic characteristics that may have favoured the interactions with the Basil rhizome and to specific bioactive molecular components, such as a lignin-derived phenols and polar saccharidic and aminoacidic compounds. Conclusions Our results support the potential use of humic substances from green compost as promising effective biostimulants to improve the production and bioactive properties of EOs in aromatic plants. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Antibacterial Efficiency of Finnish Spice Essential Oils against Pathogenic and Spoilage Bacteria

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARI NEVAS ◽  
ANNA-RIITTA KORHONEN ◽  
MIIA LINDSTRÖM ◽  
PEKKA TURKKI ◽  
HANNU KORKEALA
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

The antibacterial properties of 13 essential oils, derived from spices grown in Finland, were examined with an agar diffusion method against 12 bacterial strains. The organisms tested included both spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. The gram-positive bacteria appeared to be more sensitive than the gram-negative organisms, Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium perfringens being the most sensitive. Oregano, savory, and thyme showed the broadest antibacterial activity by distinctly inhibiting the growth of all the organisms tested. By gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, differences were noted in the composition of oregano and thyme oils in comparison to previous reports.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions of the Volatile Oils and Antibacterial Screening of Solvent Extract from Downy Lavender

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Ha Park ◽  
Ye Eun Park ◽  
Hyeon Ji Yeo ◽  
Se Won Chun ◽  
Thanislas Bastin Baskar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains

The discovery of a new species exhibiting more effective antibacterial properties is necessary because of the demand on Lavandula species, which continues to increase in a variety of industries. Lavandula pubescens might be a good alternative, as it exhibits strong antibacterial activity. In this study, the chemical composition of the essential oils from different organs (flowers, leaves, stems, and roots) of L. pubescens was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activities of different solvent extracts (methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, hexane, and ethyl acetate) and different organ (flower, leaf, stem, and root) extracts of L. pubescens were evaluated. Only the ethyl acetate extracts of L. pubescens exhibited antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains tested, including Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Escherichia coli (KF 918342), Aeromonas hydrophila (KCTC 12487), E. coli (ATCC 35150), Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544), and Aeromonas salmonicida (KACC 15136). In particular, the extracts exhibited significant activity against S. haemolyticus. Ethyl acetate extract of the leaf exhibited the best activity against all bacterial strains. This study provides valuable information on the chemical compositions in essential oils and antimicrobial properties of L. pubescens.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil Obtained from the Seed and Oleo-Gum-Resin of Ferula assa-foetida Against Oral Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Daneshkazemi ◽  
Hengameh Zandi ◽  
Abdolrahim Davari ◽  
Mahmood Vakili ◽  
Majid Emtiazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil obtained from oleo-gum-resin and seeds of Ferula assa-foetida. Materials and Methods: Ferula assa-foetida plants were collected from Tabas, Yazd Province, Iran, during summer 2017. Then, essential oils were obtained from its seeds and oleo-gum-resin using hydrodistillation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) test was performed to determine the contents of the essential oils. Four different concentrations of each oil were prepared (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml), and the antimicrobial activity of each dose against four oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS 17 software. Results: The GC-MS findings exhibited that the main compounds found in essential oils yielded from the seeds and oleo gum resin were (Z) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide and (E) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide. Ferula assa-foetida plant showed a significant antimicrobial effect (P<0.05). The essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin had significantly stronger antibacterial properties compared to the essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida seeds (P<0.001). Both essential oils showed antibacterial properties similar to that of Chlorhexidine. The growth inhibition zone was significantly dependent on the essential oil concentration for all bacteria (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed that essential oils from seeds and oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa-foetida have antimicrobial properties. More laboratory studies are required to reach a definitive conclusion.

Thermo-Oxidative Decomposition of Lovage (Levisticum officinale) and Davana (Artemisia pallens) Essential Oils under Simulated Tobacco Heating Product Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Emma Jakab ◽  
Zoltán Sebestyén ◽  
Bence Babinszki ◽  
Eszter Barta-Rajnai ◽  
Zsuzsanna Czégény ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Intramolecular Rearrangement ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Oxidative Decomposition ◽  
Oxidative Pyrolysis ◽  
Artemisia Pallens

SummaryThe thermo-oxidative decomposition of lovage (Levisticum officinale) and davana (Artemisia pallens) essential oils has been studied by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in 9% oxygen and 91% nitrogen atmosphere at 300 °C to simulate low-temperature tobacco heating conditions. Both lovage and davana oils contain numerous chemical substances; the main components of both oils are various oxygen-containing compounds. Isobenzofuranones are the most important constituents of lovage oil, and their relative intensity changed significantly during oxidative pyrolysis. (Z)-ligustilide underwent two kinds of decomposition reactions: an aromatization reaction resulting in the formation of butylidenephthalide and the scission of the lactone ring with the elimination of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide. Davanone is the main component of davana oil, which did not decompose considerably during low-temperature oxidative pyrolysis. However, the relative yield of the second most intensive component, bicyclogermacrene, reduced markedly due to bond rearrangement reactions. Davana ether underwent oxidation reactions leading to the formation of various furanic compounds. The changes in the composition of both essential oils could be interpreted in terms of bond splitting, intramolecular rearrangement mechanisms and oxidation reactions of several constituents during low-temperature oxidative pyrolysis. The applied thermo-oxidative method was found to be suitable to study the stability of the essential oils and monitor the decomposition products under simulated tobacco heating conditions. In spite of the complicated composition of the essential oils, no evidence for interaction between the oil components was found. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 29 (2020) 27–43]

scholarly journals Enhanced Antibacterial Efficiency of Cellulosic Fibers: Microencapsulation and Green Grafting Strategies

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorra Dridi ◽  
Aicha Bouaziz ◽  
Sondes Gargoubi ◽  
Abir Zouari ◽  
Fatma B’chir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers

We report an analysis of chemical components of essential oils from barks of Ceylon cinnamon and cloves of Syzygium aromaticum and an investigation of their antibacterial activity. The components of oils were determined by using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and the antimicrobial activity was assessed by the disk diffusion test. The synergic effect of essential oils mixture (cinnamon oil and clove oil) was evaluated. Antimicrobial properties were conferred to cellulosic fibers through microencapsulation using citric acid as a green binding agent. Essential oil mixture was encapsulated by coacervation using chitosan as a wall material and sodium hydroxide as a hardening agent. The diameter of the produced microcapsules varies between 12 and 48 μm. Attachment of the produced microcapsules onto cotton fabrics surface was confirmed by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transformed Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results show that microcapsules were successfully attached on cotton fabric surfaces, imparting antibacterial activity without significantly affecting their properties. The finished cotton fabrics exhibited good mechanical properties and wettability.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition of Three Species of Thymus Growing Wild in Mazandaran, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ghelichnia
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Oil Composition

Abstract The genus Thymus has a wide distributional range and chemical composition of the essential oils varies with geographical location of collection site, climate and other ecological factors. The essential oils of the aerial parts were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty seven components were characterized in the essential oil of T. fedtschenkoi. The major constituents of the oil were carvacrol (69.04%), thymol (5.95%), borneol (5.21%), p-cymene (4.20%), bornyl acetate (2.97%) and 1,8- cineole (2.72%). Twenty two components were characterized in the essential oil of T. trauveterri. The major constituents of the oil were carvacrol (54.02%), thymol (9.29%), borneol (3.51%), p-cymene (18.64%) and γ- terpinene (2.97%). Twenty six components were characterized in the essential oil of T. pubescens. The major constituents of the oil were carvacrol (13.85%), α-terpineol (11.49%), thymol (10%), geraniol (9.48%), α-pinene (8.52%), p-cymene (7.66%), camphor (4.66%), γ-terpinene (3.15%) and myrcene (2.22%). Twenty four components were characterized in the essential oil of T. fallax. The major constituents of the oil were carvacrol (41.84%), p-cymene (12.18%), α-terpineol (11.49%), thymol (10%), γ-terpinene (8.68%), borneol (5.11%), geraniol (4.35%) and geranyl acetate (2.16%).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial properties of bioactive compounds isolated from epidermal mucus in two Ray species (Dasyatis marmorata and Gymnura altavela)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2115-2121
Author(s):  
Ali Uyan ◽  
Cemal Turan ◽  
Elif Ayse Erdogan-Eliuz ◽  
Mustafa Kemal Sangun
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Epidermal Mucus

Purpose: To investigate the occurrence and antimicrobial effects of certain biochemical compounds in the epidermal mucus secretions of fish and to demonstrate their potential for biomedical applications.Methods: Crude, aqueous, and acidic epidermal mucus samples were collected from live ray specimens. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses were performed to identify the biochemical compounds present in the mucus. The spectrophotometric broth microdilution method was used to determine the antibacterial and antifungal properties of the mucus extracts. The bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Klebsiella pneumonia, were used for the tests, as well as the fungal strains, Candida parapsilosis and Candida albicans.Results: GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of several hydrocarbon-derived compounds in the epidermal mucus of the two ray species. The acidic extract of G. altavela epidermal mucus produced a high MIC value, indicating the highest inhibitory effect of 8.64 μL against E. coli, while the crude extract of G. altavela epidermal mucus (41.13 μL against B. subtilis) was the least effective. Conclusion: Epidermal mucus extracts, especially when acid-based, displays strong antimicrobial properties against all the tested pathogens. These findings suggest the plants possess some potential for the development of novel antimicrobial components for applications in medicine. Keywords: Fish, Ray species, Epidermal mucus, Antimicrobial properties, Bioactive compounds

scholarly journals Chemical Indices and Antibacterial Properties of Some Essential Oils of Apiaceae and Lauraceae Spices in Southwest of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Razni ◽  
Linda Rouisset ◽  
Elhassan Benyagoub
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cinnamon Essential Oil ◽  
The One

This study is a part of the valorization of extract from three most commonly used Algerian spices, namely; caraway and cumin seeds and cinnamon bark. On the one hand, it aims at characterizing the chemical indices of extracted essential oils and evaluating the antibacterial activity of each essential oil by titration and disc diffusion method respectively. On the other hand, it attempts at evaluating the combined action of essential oils against four reference pathogenic bacterial strains, namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis by well and Chabbert-type diffusion method. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation method have a relatively average extraction about 1.43, 2.3 and 2.5%, respectively for caraway, cumin, and cinnamon. The acid index indicates the behavior and amount of free acids present in the essential oil, in which the acid and saponification indices of cinnamon essential oil indicate a value of 4.48 and 168.56 respectively. It can also inform us about the susceptibility of the oil to undergo alterations. The antibacterial activity results showed that cinnamon essential oil (EO) proved to be the most active against the tested bacterial strains; caraway EO was active against Enterococcus faecalis, and the antibacterial action of cumin EO was the lowest. However, the association of the extracted essential oils has a higher synergistic effect than the independent effect of each essential oil, in which the MIC value found was estimated at 10 to 20 (V/V), 40 to 50 (V/V) and 50 to 70 (V/V) respectively for cinnamon, cumin and caraway. The obtained results show that the response to the antibacterial activity varies according to the plant species used and the extract tested alone or in combination.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Aromatic Plants of the Lamiaceae Family in Bread

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1642
Author(s):  
Adriana Skendi ◽  
Dimitrios Ν. Katsantonis ◽  
Paschalina Chatzopoulou ◽  
Maria Irakli ◽  
Maria Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Gas And Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Main Components

The antifungal effect of aromatic plants (oregano, thyme, and Satureja) in dry form and as essential oils was evaluated in vitro (in potato dextrose agar (PDA)) and in bread against two phytopathogenic fungi found in food (Aspergillusniger and Penicillium). Gas and liquid chromatography were used to analyze essential oils attained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of the aromatic plants and of the dried plant aqueous solutions that were autoclaved for 20 min at 121 °C before analysis. Carvacrol, α-pinene, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene were the main components of the essential oils, whereas carvacrol, rosmarinic and caffeic acids were the main components of the water extracts. In vitro antifungal test results showed that the addition of plants in dry form had great antifungal potential against both fungal strains studied. Penicillium was more sensitive to the presence of aromatic plants than Aspergillus. Among the three plant species tested, thyme was the most potent antifungal against both fungi. For the bread product, all three aromatic plants studied showed inhibitory effects against both fungi. Results presented here suggest that oregano, thyme and Satureja incorporated in a bread recipe possess antimicrobial properties and are a potential source of antimicrobial ingredients for the food industry.

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