scholarly journals Preparation of O/W nano-emulsion containing nettle and fenugreek extract and cumin essential oil for evaluating antidiabetic properties

AAPS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Javadi ◽  
Negar Motakef Kazemi ◽  
Raheleh Halabian
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Human Embryonic Kidney Cells ◽  
Antidiabetic Treatment ◽  
Nano Emulsion

AbstractThe oil-in-water (O/W) nano-emulsion (NE) is expanded to enhance the bioavailability of hydrophobic compounds. The NE can be prepared by herbal extract and essential oil as herbal medicines for antidiabetic treatment. In the present study, the O/W NE was prepared by fenugreek extract (FE), nettle extract (NE), and cumin essential oil (CEO) using tween 80 and span 80 surfactants in an ultrasonic bath, at room temperature within 18 min. The antidiabetic property was evaluated by determining glucose absorption using cultured rat L6 myoblast cell line (L6) myotubes and insulin secretion using the cultured mouse pancreatic beta-cell (RIN-5) for NEs. The samples were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) to examine the size distribution and size, zeta potential for the charge determination, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate morphology and size. The rheological properties were studied by viscosity. The sample stability was evaluated at different temperatures and days by DLS and SEM analyses. The cytotoxicity of samples was explored by MTT assay for HEK293 human cell line as a specific cell line originally derived from human embryonic kidney cells at three different concentrations for three periods of time. The NEs with nanometer-size were observed with antidiabetic properties, low cytotoxicity, and suitable stability. This study provides definitive evidence for the NE as a plant medicine with antidiabetic properties. The NE can be a good candidate for biomedical applications.

Aberrant Type C Virus Production in a Cell Line Derived from Balb/3T3

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 286-287
Author(s):  
N. Savage ◽  
A. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Oncogenic Viruses ◽  
Endogenous Virus ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Moloney Leukemia Virus ◽  
A Cell

A cell line, UC1-B, which was derived from Balb/3T3 cells, maintains the same morphological characteristics of the non-transformed parental culture, and shows no evidence of spontaneous virus production. Survey by electron microscopy shows that the cell line consists of spindle-shaped cells with no unusual features and no endogenous virus particles.UC1-B cells respond to Moloney leukemia virus (MLV) infection by a change in morphology and growth pattern which is typical of cells transformed by sarcoma virus. Electron microscopy shows that the cells are now variable in shape (rounded, rhomboid, and spindle), and each cell type has some microvilli. Virtually all (90%) of the cells show virus particles developing at the cell surface and within the cytoplasm. Maturing viruses, typical of the oncogenic viruses, are found along with atypical tubular forms in the same cell.

A New Human Breast Tumor Cell Line

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
R.E. Nordquist ◽  
R.M. Wasik ◽  
P.J. Riggs ◽  
P.L. Munson ◽  
F.B. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Tumor Cell Line ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Excised Tissue ◽  
Caucasian Female

An infiltrating ductal cell carcinoma was removed from the breast of a postmenopausal Caucasian female. The excised tissue was divided into three parts; one part for electron microscopy, one part for tissue culture and the remainder frozen for immunological studies.The tissue for culture was minced finely with sterile razor blades and cultured in Falcon flasks containing Eagel's MEM supplemented with 10% heat denatured fetal calf serum. The tissue for electron microscopy was fixed in 6.25% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M PO4 buffer plus 5% sucrose and postfixed in 1% OsO4 in the same buffer. The fixed tissue was dehydrated in graded ethanol and embedded in Spurr.The tissue which was cultured began to grow out after approximately six weeks and became a continuous epithelial cell line which was designated BOT-2 (Breast Original Tumor). Electron microscopic examination revealed that these cells had epithelial characteristics, i.e. the presence of tonofilaments and well formed desmosomes.

The betaHC-9 pancreatic beta-cell line preserves the characteristics of progenitor mouse islets

Diabetes ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1766-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Noda ◽  
M. Komatsu ◽  
G. W. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Line ◽  
Mouse Islets

scholarly journals Antitumor Potential of Green Synthesized ZnONPs Using Root Extract of Withania somnifera against Human Breast Cancer Cell Line

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Kollur Shiva Prasad ◽  
Shashanka K Prasad ◽  
Ravindra Veerapur ◽  
Ghada Lamraoui ◽  
Ashwini Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Transmission Electron

Herein we report the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using Withania somnifera root extract (WSE) as an effective chelating agent. The microscopic techniques viz., X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) were employed to analyze the as-obtained ZnONPs. The crystalline planes observed from the XRD pattern agrees with the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the as-prepared ZnONPs. The aggregations and agglomerations observed in the SEM images indicated that the size of the as-prepared ZnONPs was between 30 and 43 nm. The interplanar distance between the lattice fringes observed in the HRTEM image was found to be 0.253 nm, which is in good agreement with the (100) plane obtained in the XRD pattern. Furthermore, the anti-breast cancer cytotoxic evaluation was carried out using the MCF-7 cell line, and the results showed significant cytotoxic effects in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Regulated expression and function of the GABAB receptor in human pancreatic beta cell line and islets

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Latif Rachdi ◽  
Alicia Maugein ◽  
Severine Pechberty ◽  
Mathieu Armanet ◽  
Juliette Hamroune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Gabab Receptor ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Line ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Algae-meditated route to cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticle: differential expression profile of MALAT1 and GAS5 LncRNAs and cytotoxic effect in human breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Taherzadeh-Soureshjani ◽  
Mohammad Chehelgerdi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Normal Cell Line ◽  
Control Cell Line

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BC), as the most widely recognized disease in women worldwide, represents about 30% of all cancers impacting women. This study was aimed to synthesize Cu2O nanoparticles from the cystoseira myrica algae (CM-Cu2O NPs) assess their antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. We evaluated the expression levels of lncRNAs (MALAT1 and GAS5) and apoptosis genes (p53, p27, bax, bcl2 and caspase3), their prognostic roles. Methods In this study, CM-Cu2O NPs synthesized by cystoseira myrica algae extraction used to evaluate its cytotoxicity and apoptotic properties on MDA-MB-231, SKBR3 and T-47D BC cell lines compared to HDF control cell line. The CM-Cu2O NPs was characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activity of CM-Cu2O NPs was assessed against pathogenic bacteria, staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) PTCC 1112 bacteria as a standard gram-positive bacteria and pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) PTCC 1310 as a standard gram-negative bacterium. Expression profile of MALAT1 and GAS5 lncRNAs and apoptosis genes, i.e., p27, bax, bcl2 and caspase3 genes, were calculated utilizing qRT-PCR. The changes in the expression levels were determined using the DDCT method. Results MALAT1 was upregulated in MDA-MB-231, SKBR3 and T-47D BC (p < 0.01), while GAS5 was downregulated in SKBR3 and T-47D cell lines tested compared with HDF control cell line (p < 0.05) was found. The results revealed that, p27, bax and caspase3 were significantly upregulated in BC cell lines as compared with normal cell line. Bcl2 expression was also significantly increased in MDA-MB-231 and T47D cell lines compared with normal cell line, but bcl2 levels were downregulated in SKBR3 cell line. Conclusions Our results confirm the beneficial cytotoxic effects of green-synthesized CM-Cu2O NPs on BC cell lines. This nanoparticle decreased angiogenesis and induces apoptosis, so we conclude that CM-Cu2O NPs can be used as a supplemental drug in cancer treatments. Significantly, elevated circulating lncRNAs were demonstrated to be BC specific and could differentiate BC cell lines from the normal cell lines. It was demonstrated that lncRNAs used in this study and their expression profiles can be created as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of BC. Further studies utilizing patients would give recognizable identification of lncRNAs as key players in intercellular interactions.

scholarly journals Proton-irradiated breast cells: molecular points of view

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Bravatà ◽  
Francesco P Cammarata ◽  
Luigi Minafra ◽  
Pietro Pisciotta ◽  
Concetta Scazzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Proton Irradiation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Mcf10a Cell ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, highly heterogeneous at both the clinical and molecular level. Radiation therapy (RT) represents an efficient modality to treat localized tumor in BC care, although the choice of a unique treatment plan for all BC patients, including RT, may not be the best option. Technological advances in RT are evolving with the use of charged particle beams (i.e. protons) which, due to a more localized delivery of the radiation dose, reduce the dose administered to the heart compared with conventional RT. However, few data regarding proton-induced molecular changes are currently available. The aim of this study was to investigate and describe the production of immunological molecules and gene expression profiles induced by proton irradiation. We performed Luminex assay and cDNA microarray analyses to study the biological processes activated following irradiation with proton beams, both in the non-tumorigenic MCF10A cell line and in two tumorigenic BC cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. The immunological signatures were dose dependent in MCF10A and MCF7 cell lines, whereas MDA-MB-231 cells show a strong pro-inflammatory profile regardless of the dose delivered. Clonogenic assay revealed different surviving fractions according to the breast cell lines analyzed. We found the involvement of genes related to cell response to proton irradiation and reported specific cell line- and dose-dependent gene signatures, able to drive cell fate after radiation exposure. Our data could represent a useful tool to better understand the molecular mechanisms elicited by proton irradiation and to predict treatment outcome

Functional analysis of a conditionally transformed pancreatic beta-cell line

Diabetes ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1419-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Fleischer ◽  
C. Chen ◽  
M. Surana ◽  
M. Leiser ◽  
L. Rossetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Line

scholarly journals High dose of histone deacetylase inhibitors affects insulin secretory mechanism of pancreatic beta cell line

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Yamato
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Min6 Cells ◽  
Beta Cell Line ◽  
High Doses

Abstract Objective. Histone deacytylase inhibitors (HDACis) inhibit the deacetylation of the lysine residue of proteins, including histones, and regulate the transcription of a variety of genes. Recently, HDACis have been used clinically as anti-cancer drugs and possible anti-diabetic drugs. Even though HDACis have been proven to protect the cytokine-induced damage of pancreatic beta cells, evidence also shows that high doses of HDACis are cytotoxic. In the present study, we, therefore, investigated the eff ect of HDACis on insulin secretion in a pancreatic beta cell line. Methods. Pancreatic beta cells MIN6 were treated with selected HDACis (trichostatin A, TSA; valproic acid, VPA; and sodium butyrate, NaB) in medium supplemented with 25 mM glucose and 13% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) for indicated time intervals. Protein expression of Pdx1 and Mafa in MIN6 cells was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry, expression of Pdx1 and Mafa genes was measured by quantitative RT-PCR method. Insulin release from MIN6 cells and insulin cell content were estimated by ELISA kit. Superoxide production in MIN6 cells was measured using a Total ROS/Superoxide Detection System. Results. TSA, VPA, and NaB inhibited the expression of Pdx1 and Mafa genes and their products. TSA treatment led to beta cell malfunction, characterized by enhanced insulin secretion at 3 and 9 mM glucose, but impaired insulin secretion at 15 and 25 mM glucose. Th us, TSA induced dysregulation of the insulin secretion mechanism. TSA also enhanced reactive oxygen species production in pancreatic beta cells. Conclusions. Our results showed that HDACis caused failure to suppress insulin secretion at low glucose concentrations and enhance insulin secretion at high glucose concentrations. In other words, when these HDACis are used clinically, high doses of HDACis may cause hypoglycemia in the fasting state and hyperglycemia in the fed state. When using HDACis, physicians should, therefore, be aware of the capacity of these drugs to modulate the insulin secretory capacity of pancreatic beta cells.

Chondrons from articular cartilage. V. Immunohistochemical evaluation of type VI collagen organisation in isolated chondrons by light, confocal and electron microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Poole ◽  
S. Ayad ◽  
R.T. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Collagen Network ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Type Vi Collagen ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Basal Pole

The pericellular microenvironment around articular cartilage chondrocytes must play a key role in regulating the interaction between the cell and its extracellular matrix. The potential contribution of type VI collagen to this interaction was investigated in this study using isolated canine tibial chondrons embedded in agarose monolayers. The immunohistochemical distribution of an anti-type VI collagen antibody was assessed in these preparations using fluorescence, peroxidase and gold particle probes in combination with light, confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Light and confocal microscopy both showed type VI collagen concentrated in the pericellular capsule and matrix around the chondrocyte with reduced staining in the tail region and the interconnecting segments between adjacent chondrons. Minimal staining was recorded in the territorial and interterritorial matrices. At higher resolution, type VI collagen appeared both as microfibrils and as amorphous deposits that accumulated at the junction of intersecting capsular fibres and microfibrils. Electron microscopy also showed type VI collagen anchored to the chondrocyte membrane at the articular pole of the pericellular capsule and tethered to the radial collagen network through the tail at the basal pole of the capsule. We suggest that type VI collagen plays a dual role in the maintenance of chondron integrity. First, it could bind to the radial collagen network and stabilise the collagens, proteoglycans and glycoproteins of the pericellular microenvironment. Secondly, specific cell surface receptors exist, which could mediate the interaction between the chondrocyte and type VI collagen, providing firm anchorage and signalling potentials between the pericellular matrix and the cell nucleus. In this way type VI collagen could provide a close functional interrelationship between the chondrocyte, its pericellular microenvironment and the load bearing extracellular matrix of adult articular cartilage.

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