scholarly journals Comparative study between medial canthus episcleral block versus peribulbar block in intracapsular cataract surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fayez Abd el raof Elsayed ◽  
Mohammed Ali Ahmed Zaghlol ◽  
Sherif Samir Wahba Rizk Allah ◽  
Ahmed Moustafa Mohamed Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Medial Canthus ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Peribulbar Block ◽  
Peribulbar Anesthesia ◽  
Numeric Pain Scale ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Time To Onset

Abstract Background Ophthalmic regional anesthesia is now the most common anesthetic technique used for eye surgeries. There are various modes of needle-based ophthalmic anesthesia which are retrobulbar, peribulbar, and episcleral. The sub-Tenon episcleral anesthesia technique became a potential alternative to the retrobulbar and peribulbar anesthesia in most of the anterior and posterior segment eye surgeries; this is due to its better safety profile and tolerability than the other blocks. The aim of this study was to compare between medial episcleral block and peribulbar block in intracapsular cataract surgery as regards anesthesia and akinesia of the eye, the need of supplementation of local anesthetic, and finally the safety profile of each block. This was a prospective, comparative, randomized, double-blinded clinical study. It was carried out on 60 patients that were scheduled for intracapsular cataract surgery in ophthalmic surgery unit. The patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups; group A received medial canthus episcleral block technique and group B received peribulbar block technique. Results Results of this prospective, comparative, randomized, double-blinded study showed no statistical difference between the two groups as regards demographic and vital data. As regards Akinesia score, the ESA group had better akinesia score at 1, 5, and 10 min and at the end of surgery than PBA group (P value, 0.001). No patient in the ESA group received supplemental injection via inferotemporal peribulbar block technique, while 66.7% of PBA group was in need of supplementation. Regarding time to onset of acceptable akinesia score; ESA group had a faster onset with high statistical significance (P value, 0.001). Numeric pain scale was better in ESA group than PBA group with high statistical significance. There were chemosis after injection in two of the ESA group (6.6%). On the other hand, slight pricking pain at the end pf surgery developed in two cases in the PBA group. Conclusion Medial canthal episcleral technique proved to be superior in motor akinesia score, time to onset of acceptable akinesia score, and numeric pain scale in comparison to peribulbar anesthesia with high statistical significance between the two groups. Both techniques proved to be safe with no incidence of major complications.

Ophthalmic Regional Anesthesia: Medial Canthus Episcleral (Sub-Tenon) Anesthesia Is More Efficient than Peribulbar Anesthesia

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Ripart ◽  
Jean-Yves Lefrant ◽  
Bruno Vivien ◽  
Pierre Charavel ◽  
Pascale Fabbro-Peray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Medial Canthus ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Main Index ◽  
Peribulbar Anesthesia ◽  
Time To Onset

Background Regional anesthesia and especially peribulbar anesthesia commonly is used for cataract surgery. Failure rates and need for reinjection remains high, however, with peribulbar anesthesia. Single-injection high-volume medial canthus episcleral (sub-Tenon's) anesthesia has proven to be an efficient and safe alternative to peribulbar anesthesia. Methods The authors, in a blind study, compared the effectiveness of both techniques in 66 patients randomly assigned to episcleral anesthesia or single-injection peribulbar anesthesia. Motor blockade (akinesia) was used as the main index of anesthesia effectiveness. It was assessed using an 18-point scale (0-3 for each of the four directions of the gaze, lid opening, and lid closing, the total being from 0 = normal mobility to 18 = no movement at all). This score was compared between the groups 1, 5, 10, and 15 min after injection and at the end of the surgical procedures. Time to onset of the blockade also was compared between the two groups, as was the incidence of incomplete blockade with a need for supplemental injection and the satisfaction of the surgeon, patient, and anesthesiologist. Results Episcleral anesthesia provided a quicker onset of anesthesia, a better akinesia score, and a lower rate of incomplete blockade necessitating reinjection (0 vs. 39%; P < 0.0001) than peribulbar anesthesia. Even after supplemental injection, peribulbar anesthesia had a lower akinesia score than did episcleral anesthesia. Peribulbar anesthesia began to wear off during surgery, whereas episcleral anesthesia did not. Conclusion Medial canthus single-injection episcleral anesthesia is a suitable alternative to peribulbar anesthesia. It provides better akinesia, with a quicker onset and more constancy in effectiveness.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study Between Single Medial Canthus Injection Using 13 x 0.45 mm Needle and Posterior Sub-Tenon Injection as Local Anesthesia Techniques for Strabismus Surgery in Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Norhan A. Sherif ◽  
Mayada K. Mohamad ◽  
Ahmed A. Hannon ◽  
Noha A. Osama
Keyword(s):  
Single Injection ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Anesthetic Technique ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Medial Canthus ◽  
Peribulbar Block ◽  
Group A ◽  
Peribulbar Anesthesia ◽  
Group B

Background: The quality of ophthalmic anesthesia is an important component of the surgical procedure. There is no absolutely well-tolerated local eye anesthetic technique. However, it is important to choose a technique with high efficacy and safety. Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of peribulbar block using medial canthus single injection and posterior sub-tenon injection techniques. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Cairo, Egypt during the period from March to December 2018. Consecutive 60 patients of both sexes, aged >18 years-old, scheduled for bilateral strabismus surgery were enrolled in this study. In one eye of the sixty patients, medial canthus single injection peribulbar anesthesia was used (Group A), whereas posterior sub-tenon technique was applied in the other eye (Group B). Results: The median total ocular akinesia score was significantly higher in group A than in group B when assessed at 1, 3, and 5 min (p < 0.001). Each of the intraoperative (at 5 min) and postoperative pain scores showed no significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, the median scores of surgeon and patient satisfaction were significantly higher in group A compared with group B (3 vs. 2 each, p < 0.05). No patient developed occulocardiac reflex or postoperative nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Peribulbar anesthesia by medial canthus single injection showed better akinesia of the globe than sub-tenon injection technique. Otherwise, both techniques were equally effective and safe.

Movement Matters; How Physical Activity Impacts Endodontic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2073-2075
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shairaz Sadiq ◽  
Usman Sana ◽  
Arham Nawaz Chohan ◽  
Fareed Ahmad ◽  
Junaid Dayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Numeric Pain Scale ◽  
Operative Assessment ◽  
Keywords Exercise

Objective: To understand impact of physical activity on pain perception in patients presenting with acute pulpitis for endodontic therapy. Study Design: It was quantitative correlational by design. Place and duration of study: Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Section, Islam Dental College, Sialkot. Materials & Methods: 500 patients from the Dental Section of Islam Dental College Sialkot were included in this study. The correlation of movement/walk and pain during endodontic treatment was determined. Numeric pain scale was used to document pain. Activity was measured by the number of minutes of walk of the patient. Results: There is a significant association between physical activity/exercise and pain. Statistical significance between pain and exercise was -.158. Conclusion: Pre-operative assessment of physical activity may be a predictor of pain perceived by patients. Therefore, it is important to educate and consider patient’s physical activity to manage pain during the dental treatment. Life style modification may seems insignificant but has proven positive impact in pain management. Keywords: Exercise, local anaesthesia (LA), endodontic therapy, pain.

scholarly journals Studies on mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and anthropic environment: 1- Parity of blood seeking Anopheles (Kerteszia) in South-Eastern Brazil

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Paulo Forattini ◽  
Iná Kakitani ◽  
Eduardo Massad ◽  
Almério de Castro Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Grading ◽  
One Year ◽  
Anopheles Cruzii ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Populations of Anopheles (Kerteszia) were sampled fortnightly over a one-year period (August 1991 to July 1992) at Ribeira Valley, S. Paulo State, Brazil. Indoor and outdoor collections were made on human bait at evening crepuscular period. The Polovodova technique for age grading was applied to 3,501 females of Anopheles cruzii and to 416 females of An. bellator. That sample represented 34.4% of the total number of mosquitoes collected. The most abundant species found was An. cruzii. However, An. bellator showed an endophagy that was almost three times greater than that of An. cruzii. The overall parous rate was 25.4% and uniparity was practically dominant one. A proportion of 26.9% of An. cruzii and 12.0% of An. bellator were found to be uniparous. Only three outdoor females of the former species (0.1%) showed biparity. Parity of An. cruzii was higher in females caught outdoors than in those caught indoors. Nevertheless, 497 nulliparous females examined (417 cruzii and 80 bellator) had ovaries that had advanced to Christophers and Mer stages III to V. These results imply that these females had already practised hematophagy. Relating these results to those from the parous females, a high statistical significance was found, leading to the conclusion that gonothophic discordance is a common pattern among these anophelines. Further, these results obtained with human bait catches strongly suggest that nearly 38.0% of these host-seeking females had already taken at least one previous blood-meal. So it is possible that enough time could thus be available for the plasmodian development in the vectors.

scholarly journals Composition of raw milk from conventional and organic dairy farming

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Kucevic ◽  
Snezana Trivunovic ◽  
Vladan Bogdanovic ◽  
Ksenija Cobanovic ◽  
Dobrila Jankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Organic Dairy ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Possible differences between composition of raw milk due to dairy farming system (organic vs conventional) as well as seasonal variations were investigated. The samples were analysed during one year. A total of 6.782 samples of raw milk were collected (4.496 from organic farming). Dairy farms were located in the northern part of Republic of Serbia (Province of Vojvodina). The principle of analysis of raw milk samples was in accordance with the methodology by midinfrared spectrometry and flow cytometry. The fixed effect of system of farming and season (winter, spring, summer and fall) have shown a high statistical significance (P < 0.01) on all examined milk parameters except fat, total solids and somatic cell count, where the impact was slightly lower (P < 0.05). Significant difference wasn't found in number of bacterial colonies (P > 0.05). Composition of milk is also affected by a number of other factors, therefore it is recommended to involve factors such as nutrition of dairy cows, breed and farm management.

scholarly journals Personal characteristics as predictors of professional thinking of cadets of the military educational institution of the national guard of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-342
Author(s):  
Mergaljas M. Kashapov ◽  
◽  
Yuliya M. Perevozkina ◽  
Roman A. Bidenko ◽  
Ivan O. Smolentsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Discriminative Analysis ◽  
The Military

Problem and purpose. The relevance of the study is due to the specifics of military education, which is characterized by increased requirements for the training of future officers. A special place among these requirements is occupied by professional thinking, the formation of which presupposes both intellectual and certain personal characteristics. The purpose is to determine the prognostic capabilities of personal characteristics for the differentiation of types of professional thinking of cadets of a military educational institution of the National Guard of the Russian Federation. Research methodology and methods. According to the diagnostic results, all cadets (N = 150) were divided into three groups according to the prevalence of a certain level of professional thinking in them; 1) oversituational type of thinking, 2) situational type of thinking, and 3) mixed type of thinking. This variable acted as a response in discriminative analysis, and personality traits of cadets, measured by the 16 PF method, and a number of other questionnaires were chosen as predictors. Research results. The results of direct discriminative analysis indicate a high statistical significance of the empirical model (p = 0.000), having good discrimination (λ = 0.04), consisting of two discriminative functions and 16 predictors. All respondents were absolutely correctly assigned to their «own» groups (100%). At the same time, the highest probability of getting into «their» group is for servicemen with a oversituational type level of professional thinking (82%). Discussion of results and conclusion. The predictive influence of personal qualities on the dominance of cadets of a certain type of professional thinking does not have a separate effect of each quality, but has the character of structural interaction. This research contributes to the psychology of work, contributing to the expansion of scientific knowledge about the professional activities of the military.

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