scholarly journals Applications of plant growth promoting bacteria and Trichoderma spp. for controlling Orobanche crenata in faba bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Touny El-Dabaa ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Background Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba). Materials and methods Three pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III. Results Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide. Conclusion The application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

scholarly journals Plant growth-promoting bacteria belonging to the genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus improve the growth of sorghum seedings in a low-nutrient soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enriqueta Amora-Lazcano ◽  
Héctor J. Quiroz-González ◽  
Cristofer I. Osornio-Ortega ◽  
Juan A. Cruz-Maya ◽  
Janet Jan-Roblero
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Bioassay ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Background: Deficiency in sorghum growth in ecosystems of low-nutrient soils has been scarcely studied. This soil deficiency can be overcome by the addition of plant growth-promoting bacteria which increase sorghum growth. Questions and/or Hypotheses: indole acetic acid (IAA) producing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria can promote sorghum growth under nutritional stress. Studied species: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Study site and dates: Mexico City, 2018. Methods: Of the twelve bacterial strains utilized, three produce IAA (group BI), two strains produce IAA and siderophores (BIS group), four strains produce IAA and solubilize phosphate (BIP group), and three strains produce IAA, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophores (BIPS group). Hydroponic bioassays and low-nutrient soil bioassay were used. Results: In hydroponic bioassays, for BI and BIS groups, five strains significantly increased the growth parameters with respect to the control, and for the BIP and BIPS groups, two strains promoted stem development and shoot dry weight. In a low-nutrient soil bioassay, Pseudomonas sp. BI-1 (from BI group) was the one that presented the highest percentages 32, 48, 140 and 79 % in stem diameter, height and dry weight of the shoot and dry weight of the root, respectively, followed by the P. mohnii BIPS-10 strain (from BIPS group) that exhibited similar results. Conclusions: IAA producing Pseudomonas strains improve the sorghum growth in a low-nutrient soil and suggest thatPseudomonas sp. BI-1 and P. mohnii BIPS-10 could be used as potential bioinoculants for sorghum.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF MYCORRHIZAE, MEDIA AND CONTAINER TYPE ON THE GROWTH OF GREEN PEPPER AND LETTUCE TRANSPLANTS

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 709B-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray A. Watson ◽  
Katrine A. Stewart ◽  
Valentin Furlan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Container Type

The effects of two mycorrhizal species (Glomus versiforme and Glomus intraradix) and a control on the growth of green pepper, Capsicum annuum, and lettuce, Lactuca sativa, seedlings have been evaluated using four types of growing media (Peatwool, Fafard bulk mix. Cornell mix and a compost based mix) and two types of containers, Cell Packs (125 cc volume) and Pro-Trays (65 cc volume) for green pepper and Cell Packs (125 cc volume) and Plug Flats (33 cc volume) for lettuce. The experiments were split plot randomized Complete block design with 6 blocks (lettuce) and 4 blocks (pepper). Seeds were sown directly into the containers of mycorrhizal inoculated media. All treatments received the same fertilizer regime. Cell volume had no significant effects on green pepper fresh weight, dry weight, stem diameter, leaf area or leaf number but the lettuce Cell Pack plants had significantly higher fresh and dry weights, more leaves and higher leaf area. The Fafard Bulk and the Compost mix gave significantly higher fresh and dry weights than did the other two media for both green pepper and lettuce. Mycorrhizal species did not influence plant growth with the exception of leaf area in green peppers and shoot dry weight in lettuce.

Salinity-induced changes in growth morphology, gas exchange and leaf abscisic acid level of fifteen polyembryonic mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 170-181
Author(s):  
P.K. Nimbolkar ◽  
Reju M. Kurian ◽  
K.K. Upreti ◽  
R.H. Laxman ◽  
L.R. Varalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Abscisic Acid Level ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Aba Content

Mango is a commercial fruit crop in different parts of the tropical and subtropical world. Commercially important monoembryonic varieties are propagated through grafting onto rootstock seedlings of polyembryonic genotypes that plays an important role in sustained growth and production. Use of salt tolerant genotypes as rootstock to combat the adverse effect of salinity could be helpful for commercial mango production in salt affected areas. Current study was carried out to elucidate the effect of salinity stress induced by NaCl + CaCl2 (1:1 w/w) at 0, 25, 50 and 100 mM concentrations in irrigation water on candidate polyembryonic mango genotypes namely EC-95862, Bappakkai, Vellaikolamban, Nekkare, Turpentine, Muvandan, Kurukkan, Kensington, Olour, Manipur, Deorakhio, Vattam, Mylepelian, Sabre and Kitchener. We studied the morpho-physiological changes of these seedlings under salinity induced stress for determining their relative tolerance by assessing growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, inter-nodal length, fresh weight of shoot, fresh weight of root, dry weight of shoot, dry weight of root, stem diameter and physiological parameters like photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, number of stomata and stomata length and width, in addition to ABA content in leaves. Our results clarifies that the polyembryonic genotypes Turpentine, Deorakhio Olour and Bappakkai showed less reduction in terms of growth and better maintenance of gas exchange status under higher level of salinity.

scholarly journals Effect of Cadmium on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Iron and Cadmium Accumulation of Faba Bean (Vicia faba cv. Aštar)

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beáta Piršelová ◽  
Roman Kuna ◽  
Peter Lukáč ◽  
Michaela Havrlentová
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment Content

Abstract The influence of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd) ions (50 and 100 mg/kg soil) on growth, photosynthetic pigment content, Cd, and iron accumulation in faba bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Aštar) was studied under laboratory conditions. No significant changes were observed in the growth parameters of shoots (length, fresh, and dry weight). Both tested Cd doses resulted in decrease in root fresh weight by 31.7% and 28.68% and in dry weight by 32.2% and 33.33%, respectively. Increased accumulation of Cd was observed in roots (125- and 173-fold higher than in control) and shoots (125- and 150-fold higher than in control) as a result of applied doses of Cd. Increased accumulation of iron was detected in roots (1.45- and 1.69-fold higher than in control). Decrease in the content of chlorophyll a (by 25.52 and 24.83%, respectively) and chlorophyll b (by 6.90%) after application of Cd 100 as well as decrease in carotenoids (by 40.39 and 38.36%, respectively) was detected. Weak translocation of Cd from roots to shoots pointed to low phytoremediation potential of the tested bean variety in contaminated soil. However, the high tolerance of this cultivar, its relative fast growth, as well as priority of Cd accumulation in roots presume this plant species for phytostabilisation and revegetation of the Cd-contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Enhanced growth of cabbage seedlings by a Paenibacillus isolate in the presence of Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
H. Ghazalibiglar ◽  
J.G. Hampton ◽  
E. van_Zijll De_Jong ◽  
A. Holyoake
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Promote Plant Growth

Paenibacillus spp are rhizobacteria that can promote plant growth through a range of mechanisms A New Zealand isolate of Paenibacillus P16 has reduced the incidence of black rot caused by Xanthamonas campestris pv campestris (Xcc) in brassicas To investigate if this response was provided through plant growth promotion isolate P16 was coapplied with Xcc as a seed treatment In the presence of Xcc P16treated seedlings had significantly greater root length leaf area and root and shoot dry weight compared to the positive control (Xcc alone) There were no significant differences in plant growth parameters between P16treated seedlings in the absence of the pathogen and the negative control (seeds without Xcc or P16) Isolate P16 enabled plants to survive and grow normally by preventing disease development; the mechanism of disease suppression requires further investigation

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria on the Growth of Wheat Seedlings Subjected to Phosphate Starvation

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia P. Cataldi ◽  
Sigrid Heuer ◽  
Tim H. Mauchline ◽  
Mark D. Wilkinson ◽  
Emily Masters-Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
P Content ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Molecular Indicators

Certain phosphorous solubilizing (PSB) and phosphorous mineralizing (PMB) bacteria may improve plant growth by improving nutrient availability. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of inoculation with two Bacillus spp. strains, 12A and 25A, on wheat seedlings growth. To this aim, a durum and a bread wheat genotype were grown under controlled conditions in a low P compost medium to evaluate: (i) the effect of the bacterial isolates on plant growth and root system architecture; (ii) the expression of two key genes indicative of the P-starvation response and phosphate (Pi) uptake, TaIPS1 and TaPHT1.6-B1. The results showed that 12A Bacillus sp. significantly increased root length, surface area and biomass. Furthermore, an enhanced shoot dry weight and P content were observed. This might be explained by the capacity of strain 12A to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in addition to P mineralizing and P solubilizing capability. No effect on plant growth was observed for 25A strain. The semi-quantitative gene expression analysis showed an overall lower expression of TaIPS1 in the inoculated plants and highest expression of TaPHT1.6-B1 in 12A inoculated plants. This suggests that Pi-responsive genes might be useful molecular indicators for the effectiveness of PSB and PMB.

scholarly journals Reducing RbcS Expression by RNAi Technology Causes Diverse Responses to Nematode in Wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (02) ◽  
pp. 395-400
Author(s):  
Saqer Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Rnai Technology ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Nematode Development

The reaction of four wheat RbcS RNAi mutants and wild type to the infection of M. incognita was investigated in a greenhouse pot experiment using plant growth parameters as well as nematode reproduction. Obtained results revealed that all estimated growth parameters of lines under study were reduced by M. incognita infection to various extents. RSS13.2 line showed the highest percentage of reduction of plant total fresh weight, length, and shoot dry weight. It did act as good host for root-knot nematode; therefore, it was classified as susceptible host. In addition, the lowest reduction percentage of fresh and dry weights was observed in RSS8.5 line although it showed high values for nematode development and reproduction parameters; therefore, it seemed to be as a tolerant host. The maximum reduction in chlorophyll content was recorded in RSS7.6 line, whereas, the minimum was obtained from RSS11.5 line. It was evident that none of the five tested wheat lines was immune to M. incognita infection. The lowest numbers of second stage juveniles, galls, and egg-masses were observed in soil and on roots of RSS11.5 line although its plant growth was slightly affected; therefore, it is considered as partially resistant line. It could be concluded from the results of this study that, RNAi mutants of the RbcS were partially effective in suppressing root-knot nematode development. © 2019 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Endophytic PGPB Improves Plant Growth and Quality, and Modulates the Bacterial Community of an Intercropping System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Pardo-Díaz ◽  
Felipe Romero-Perdomo ◽  
Jonathan Mendoza-Labrador ◽  
Diego Delgadillo-Duran ◽  
Edwin Castro-Rincon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacterial Community ◽  
The Impact

The intercropping of ryegrass and red clover constitutes a sustainable alternative to mitigate the adverse effects of intensive livestock production on grassland degradation by increasing forage yield and quality. The implementation of biofertilization technologies has been widely used to improve soil nutritional properties, and therefore has the potential to ensure the success of this multicrop system. To determine the impact of bioaugmentation on forage growth and quality, as well as the associate changes in the rhizosphere bacterial community, we evaluated the inoculation with two plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) under reduced nitrogen usage. Overall, Herbaspirillum sp. AP21 had a larger effect than Azospirillum brasilense D7 on plant growth. Inoculation with Herbaspirillum sp. AP21 together with 50% of the required nitrogen rate increased shoot dry weight, crude protein, and shoot nitrogen content, and decreased the amount of neutral detergent fiber. PGPB inoculation changed the rhizosphere bacterial community structure, which associated with forage growth and quality. We conclude that PGPB inoculation has the potential to improve the growth of the ryegrass-red clover system, decreasing the requirements for nitrogen fertilization.

scholarly journals Aeration Criteria and Plant Response in Peat Substrate Amended with Six Sources of Organic Wastes

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 799D-799
Author(s):  
Nsalambi Nkongolo ◽  
Jean Caron ◽  
Fabienne Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
The Media

Increasing rates (5%, 10%, 25%, and 40%, v/v) of six sources of organic wastes were substituted for peat to assess changes on the physical properties of peat–perlite media and the subsequent plant response. Wastes were both fresh and composted bio-filter, sewage sludge, and de-inked paper sludge. Geranium plants (Pelagornium ×hortum `Orbit Hot Pink') were grown in the media. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) and air-filled porosity (AFP) were successively measured with a Cote infiltrometer and by time-domain reflectometry. Pore space tortuosity (PST) and gas relative diffusivity (Dp/Do) were calculated. Both physical and plant growth parameters were significantly affected by the source and rate of application of waste. Ksat (P = 0.0001, r = 0.937), AFP (P = 0.001, r = 0.984), PST (P = 0.0001, r = 0.935), Dp/Do (P = 0.0001, r - 0.872) linearly increased as the rate of waste increased in the media. However, plant height (P = 0.0001, r = 0.856), root dry weight (P = 0.0001, r = 0.994), and shoot dry weight (P = 0.0001, r = 0.963) either linearly or quadratically decreased as the rate of waste increased. Decreases in plant growth parameters were most likely due to high salinity of organic wastes.

scholarly journals Resistance screening of lentil cultivars against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ansari ◽  
M. Asif ◽  
M.A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Reduction Percentage

SummaryThe root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne incognitais a major soil parasite of lentil crops. Increasing restrictions of chemical nematicides have triggered a growing attention and interest in alternate root-knot nematode management. The present study was conducted to examine the level of resistance and/or susceptibility of five lentil cultivars (PL-456, KLS-218, Desi, DPL-62, Malika), grown in pots, against the root-knot nematodeM. incognita. Root-knot nematode reproduction and host damage were assessed by recording the nematode infestation levels and reduction percentage of plant growth parameters. Nematode response and plant growth differentiated amongst the lentil cultivars. None of the cultivars was found immune or highly resistant. The cultivar Malika was found moderately resistant as it showed the lowest number of galls and egg masses/root as well as the lowest reduction of plant fresh weight (10.4%) and dry weight (6.9%). On the other hand, the cultivar Desi manifested the highest susceptibility exhibiting the highest number of galls and egg masses. There was a significantly negative correlation between the number of galls and plant growth parameters (plant fresh and dry weight and plant height).

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