scholarly journals Understanding the barriers to NET-ZERO transport for rural roads: a Northern Ireland case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myra Lydon ◽  
Darragh Lydon ◽  
Nicola-Ann Stevens ◽  
Su Taylor ◽  
Juliana Early ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Climate-related disasters have cost the world over £450 billion over the last 3 years. In the race to mitigate these effects, the UK government has committed to net-zero emissions by 2050. Transport provides the largest single sector contribution to CO2 emissions, the road network accounts for up to 91%. As the only UK country without a formal climate change bill Northern Ireland could compromise the overall effort. Case description In this research a survey of road asset owners, managers, academics, consultants, public transport providers was undertaken to seek to understand the current barriers to adapting a dispersed rural road network in Northern Ireland for net-zero transport. The survey data was collected though an online form with a combination of multiple choice and open ended questions. Thematic analysis was used to code and analyse the data collected which enabled a discussion around the key expert opinions gathered. Discussion and evaluation The paper presents details of the current road network in Northern Ireland and highlights some of the issues faced by asset owners. The survey questions were developed though engagement with transport professionals in Northern Ireland and focus predominantly on road use rather than the impact of current land management practices or environmental conditions such as flood risk. The response highlights a clear enthusiasm for change in the operation of the public road network which is hindered by a lack of government strategy and limited public consultation. Conclusions The high response rate (41%) for the survey highlights the interest of those in the transport sector to engage in activities which can support a better understanding of how road networks contribute to CO2 emissions. Within the survey data a requirement for behavioural change was highlighted as a key step to reduce transport related emissions, the enthusiasm for change demonstrates this is the optimum time to engage with the public and develop clear transport strategies. More accurate findings and empirical evidence could have been established had the study considered specific, transport planning, environmental and land use conditions for Northern Ireland. This will be the focus of further research in this area to enable clear translation of the research to other countries.

The Determinants and Consequences of Accurate Beliefs About Childhood Vaccinations

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Joslyn ◽  
Steven M. Sylvester
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
Parental Choice ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

In this article, we examine the individual predictors that are responsible for accurate beliefs about the link between vaccinations and autism. We then show how these beliefs affect policy preferences about vaccines. We derive two hypotheses from motivated reasoning theory and test these on national survey data from Gallup and CBS News. Republicans were less likely to report accurate beliefs than Democrats. In addition, educational attainment modified the impact of party identification. The gap between Republicans and Democrats in likelihood of reporting accurate beliefs was largest among the most educated portion of the public. Finally, we show that accurate beliefs about vaccines, independent of statistical controls, are important predictors of policy attitudes about unvaccinated children attending public school and parental choice about the decision to vaccinate. We discuss the theoretical and practical significance of these findings.

UK prime minister will likely remain in power for now

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Culture Wars ◽  
Consumer Confidence ◽  
Party Leader ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
The Eu

Significance As many as a dozen lockdown parties are now alleged to have been held at Downing Street, significantly damaging Johnson’s support among the public and his Conservative Party. His position as party leader and prime minister is gravely threatened. Impacts Johnson’s domestic troubles, coupled with rising economic concerns, increase the chance of an agreement with the EU over Northern Ireland. Disillusionment with Johnson, opposition to net-zero and culture wars open the door for Nigel Farage’s Reform Party to revive its appeal. Rising inflation threatens to undermine consumer confidence and slow the economic recovery over the coming year.

THE IMPACT OF THE ANTI-CORRUPTION CAMPAIGN ON INCOME DISTRIBUTION: EVIDENCE FROM CHINA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
YING GE ◽  
JINJUN XUE
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Household Income ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
Earnings Gap ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact

This paper provides the first systematic micro-level evidences on the effectiveness of anti-corruption campaign in disciplining public officials and its impact on income distribution. Based on China Household Income Project (CHIP) survey data 2007 and 2013, we found that party and government officials had significant hidden income and the public–private earnings gap was as high as 8% before the campaign. However, the hidden income become not significant and the earnings gap declined to −18% in this post-campaign period. The regions inspected by central anti-corruption inspection groups experience larger public earnings penalties compared to the other regions. Overall, our findings suggest that the privilege of public officials declined sharply during this anti-corruption campaign.

Worktown and Muslims

British Gods ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 144-181
Author(s):  
Steve Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Attitude Survey ◽  
The Public ◽  
Satanic Verses ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town ◽  
British People

In the 1930s, Bolton was the site of Mass Observation’s first major research project, and subsequent restudies allow us to track in detail the decline of Christianity in the town. It was also the site of the first major Muslim demonstration against Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses. The reaction of Boltonians to Islam is discussed as an introduction to wider consideration of the impact of the growth of Islam in Britain. Detailed discussion of media coverage of Muslims and of attitude survey data makes the case that, while some British people dislike Islam, a more powerful trend is growing hostility to any religion that is taken seriously enough to intrude on the public sphere.

Pollen, Allergens, and Human Health

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel N. McInnes
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Allergenic Pollen ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

Allergenic pollen is produced by the flowers of a number of trees, grasses, and weeds found throughout the world. Human exposure to such pollen grains can exacerbate pollen-related asthma and allergenic conditions such as allergic rhinitis (hay fever). While allergenic pollen comes from three main groups of plants—certain trees, grasses, and weeds—many people are sensitive to pollen from one or a few taxa only. Weather, climate, and environmental conditions have a significant impact on the levels and varieties of pollen grains present in the air. These allergenic conditions significantly reduce the quality of life of affected individuals and have been shown to have a major economic impact. Pollen production depends on both the current meteorological conditions (including day length, temperature, irradiation, precipitation, and wind speed/direction), and the water availability and other environmental and meteorological conditions experienced in the previous year. The climate affects the types of vegetation and taxa that can grow in a particular location through availability of different habitats. Land-use or land management is also crucial, and so this field of study has implications for vegetation management practices and policy. Given the influential effects of weather and climate on pollen, and the significant health impacts globally, the total effect of any future environmental and climatic changes on aeroallergen production and spread will be significant. The overall impact of climate change on pollen production and spread remains highly uncertain, and there is a need for further understanding of pollen-related health impact information. There are a number of ways air quality interacts with the impact of pollen. Further understanding of the risks of co-exposure to both pollen and air pollutants is needed to better inform public health policy. Furthermore, thunderstorms have been linked to asthma epidemics, especially during the grass pollen seasons. It is thought that allergenic pollen plays a role in this “thunderstorm asthma.” To reduce the exposure to, or impact from, pollen grains in the air, a number of adaptation and mitigation options may be adopted. Many of these would need to be done either through policy changes, or at a local or regional level, although some can be done by individuals to minimize their exposure to pollen they are sensitive to. Improved aeroallergen forecast models could be developed to provide detailed taxon-specific, localized information to the public. One challenge will be combining the many different sources of aeroallergen data that are likely to become available in future into numerical forecast systems. Examples of these potential inputs are automated observations of aeroallergens, real-time phenological observations and remote sensing of vegetation, social sensing, DNA analysis of specific aeroallergens, and data from symptom trackers or personal monitors. All of these have the potential to improve the forecasts and information available to the public.

Customer-centered knowledge management: challenges and implications for knowledge-based innovation in the public transport sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Sindakis ◽  
Audrey Depeige ◽  
Eleni Anoyrkati
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Management Practices

Purpose – This study aims to explore the role of knowledge management practices in supporting current and emerging passengers’ and customer needs, aiming to create value. Specifically, the research examines the importance of customer-centred knowledge management in the delivery of innovative services and practices in the public transport sector, promoting the role of interactions between mobility stakeholders and travellers. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is developed and supported by the background literature on customer-centric knowledge management approaches, business model innovation, as well as on inter-organisational and network co-operations. Findings – Results show that the development of sustainable innovation and technologies in the transport sector requires knowledge management practices, which enable the access to knowledge about users’ needs, the mapping and evaluation of innovative knowledge, the promotion of knowledge-based innovation through collective approaches, as well as the acquisition and integration of new knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The conceptual framework developed in the paper remains limited to a theoretical understanding. Further research should empirically examine knowledge issues related to the intangible character and intellectual capital intensiveness of innovation in the transport sector. Practical implications – Researchers, public transport companies and public transport authorities are expected to benefit from this research, by developing mechanisms for customer-centred knowledge management, which is found to lead to innovative services and practices in the public transport sector. Another practical implication regards the adoption of knowledge management practices, leading to technological innovations in public transport, and advancing the level of sustainability in transport systems. Originality/value – The originality of this study lies in the development of a customer-focussed knowledge management framework, which provides a novel perspective of value creation in an attempt to engage researchers and practitioners from the transport industry in the conceptualisation and development of innovative solutions.

scholarly journals BUCHAREST PUBLIC TRANSPORT: CHALLENGES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (S.I.2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Daniela TUDOR
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
To Come ◽  
Main Barrier ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic had and it’s still having a big impact on mobility since the end of 2018, when it started. Public transportation was already facing issues in all the big metropolitan cities where many people are in the same space at the same time. If we add the COVID-19 consequences and rules, public transit is the main barrier for community members to go back to their daily routines being safe and comfortable. This paper presents the changes in the public transport sector since COVID-19 started and aims to explore the consequences and possible alternatives to mitigate the impact of the pandemic crisis. As research method I decided to analyze and summarize numerous primary sources along with the public transport operators’ official websites. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used by doing a comprehensive research in ProQuest Central, Coronavirus Research Database, Elsevier ScienceDirect and Web of Science. The results suggest that reduction of mobility has been the first measure to slow the growth of the worldwide COVID-19 cases. However, the transport limitations don’t have the same impact for all modes of transport, public transport having one of the most considerable decline so far. In Bucharest, the public transport operators have imposed safety measures such as mask wearing, periodic cleaning, transparency and access to the information. Those aspects are important, but sometimes not sufficient to fight against the pandemic. What this research does is to come and complete the set of safety measures focusing on mitigating the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and increase the safety of the people while using public transport vehicles.

scholarly journals Debunking the Misunderstandings of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative and Designation Requirements

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trish MacEnroe
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Level Of Care ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Health

Sensational headlines and messages surrounding breastfeeding in the media are leaving the public confused. There are also myths being circulated about the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) that are causing some to question the value and safety of its practices. The most effective means for clarifying the confusion is to dispel the myths and explore the facts. An accurate understanding of the importance of breastfeeding, the BFHI requirements, the impact and interrelationship of each of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding, as well as good breastfeeding management practices, ensures that every infant is provided the highest level of care and given the best start to life. Breastfeeding confers significant health benefits to both mothers and babies, and the BFHI is associated with an increase in breastfeeding initiation and duration.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE TELEMATIC COMPANIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Elena Dadelytė ◽  
Alma Mačiulytė-Šniukienė
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Innovation is an important driver of economic progress, benefiting consumers, business and the economy as whole. However, innovation companies face high risks because innovation requires a lot of resources, and it is difficult to predict a payback period in advance. This is common for all types of innovation, but especially to technological innovation. One of the least researched technological innovations is telematics, innovative transport monitoring and control technology solutions. Those are widely applied in logistics, car-sharing platforms and the public transport sector. These innovations help to achieve the goals of the companies that buy and install them, but question what impact they have on the competitiveness of the companies that create these innovations remains a matter of debate. To fill this gap, the purpose of this article is to determine the impact of technological innovation on the competitiveness of telematics companies. In pursuit of this goal, the concepts of technological innovation and competitiveness are revealed. The definition of telematics innovation and its significance for the competitiveness of enterprises was also formed. The empirical part discusses the telematics market, provides the analysis of the main competitiveness indicators of 8 telematics companies and their changes, as well as the analysis of the research and development (R&D) costs and the impact of innovations on competitiveness. Applied research methods: a critical analysis of scientific literature, generalization, systematization of data, computation, and comparison of relative indicator, data dispersion indicator, and dynamics indicator, correlation, and regression analysis. The research reveals that creation and development innovation are related to competitiveness of telematics companies. However, excessive investment into innovation no longer generates positive return.

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