scholarly journals The pillars determining financial inclusion among SMEs in Egypt: service awareness, access and usage metrics and macroeconomic policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Samy ElDeeb ◽  
Yasser Tawfik Halim ◽  
Esmat Mostafa Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Integrated Marketing ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Sustainability Strategy ◽  
Macroeconomic Risks ◽  
Usage Metrics

AbstractOver the past decade, financial inclusion has been a trending topic and key priority in developing countries seeking to build a resilient financial sector and pursuing economic growth. Most of the recently launched financial inclusion initiatives in Egypt, especially those aligned with the 2030 sustainability strategy, have targeted marginalized and excluded individuals. Only a few have addressed the financial inclusion of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Accordingly, this paper aims to identify the main pillars of financial inclusion for SMEs. In keeping up with the mainstream literature, it introduces a number of financial inclusion determinants designed to attract SMEs. They include supply-side determinants such as access to financial services and marketing awareness campaigns, which act as tools to segment financial services and market their benefits to SMEs, and demand-side determinants, which involve the use of financial services. Finally, there is an assessment of the macroeconomic risks to investors and SMEs. The researchers’ methodology was based on first deriving a novel dataset from responses to a questionnaire addressing bankers who manage SME portfolios, second analyzing the dataset through descriptive and inferential statistics and third undertaking a twofold econometric estimation. The econometric estimations started with principal component analysis (PCA) and proceeded to a logistic regression to determine the significant variables pertinent to increasing the financial inclusion of SMEs. The PCA suggested three main pillars determining financial inclusion. They are integrated marketing tools, which increase SMEs’ awareness of and access to the most sophisticated banking services, usage of banking services, and assessment of the macroeconomic risks that would prevent SMEs from gaining access to financial services. As well, the interaction term between the variables derived from the three pillars accounts for a variability of 86.6% in the level of financial inclusion of Egypt’s SMEs.

scholarly journals Improving the Use of Islamic Banking Services in Financing Investment Projects in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2205-2220
Author(s):  
Dilmurod Yusupaliyevich Khujamkulov ◽  
Ruhiddin Khusniddin Ogli Zayniddinov ◽  
Dilmurod Rakhmatullayevich Ergashev ◽  
Mamajon Akhmatjonovich Mamatov ◽  
Khusniddin Fakhriddinovich Uktamov
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
Religious Reasons ◽  
Formal Finance

Financial inclusion is remained low level by the majority of households and firms in Uzbekistan, instead of using formal finance, they are more partial to save and borrow informally. In this case, both indicate the high cost of finance as the top reason for not using it. Moreover, households, which are mostly Muslim, declare that religious reasons prevent them from using formal finance, as only conventional finance is available. The result of the survey was passed between a number of households and entrepreneurs that most of them claimed to use Islamic banking products. On the other hand, there are not created main mechanisms, infrastructure, and other important devices to regulate Islamic banking services in the country. The major objective of this study was to investigate there were used some Islamic banking products under some conventional banks for two decades and we have discussed the empirical experiences in Uzbekistan as well as given recommendations for improving the use of Islamic financial services related to foreign experiences and the result of the survey.

IMPACTS OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION ON POVERTY AND INCOME INEQUALITY IN DEVELOPING ASIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
WARATTAYA CHINNAKUM
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Low Income Groups

This study investigates the impacts of financial inclusion on poverty and income inequality in 27 developing countries in Asia during 2004–2019 based on a composite financial inclusion index (FII) constructed using principal component analysis (PCA). The generalized method of moments (GMM) was employed for the estimation. The results show that financial inclusion can influence the reduction in both poverty and income inequality. The empirical findings also reveal the contribution of such control variables as economic growth in decreasing income disparity and trade openness in helping improve the standard of living of poor households despite its tendency to co-vary with income inequality. The present empirical evidence supporting the role of financial inclusion in reducing poverty and income inequality in developing countries has led to a policy implication that financial sector development should focus on the availability, usage, and depth of credit to cover all poor households or low-income groups to help improve their access to financial services, enable them to increase their income, and reduce the income gap between poor and rich households.

scholarly journals USO DE LOS SERVICIOS FINANCIEROS. ESTUDIO EMPÍRICO EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Milka Elena Escalera-Chávez ◽  
Esmeralda Tejada-Peña ◽  
Arturo García-Santillán
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

Abstract.USE OF FINANCIAL SERVICES EMPIRICAL. STUDY IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS.The financially included population has access to banking services, hence this insertion favors the economic development of the population, however there are many people who do not use formal financial services, including students. For this reason, the objective of this work was to identify the frequency with which the upper level students of Tuxtepec Oaxaca access the financial services offered by the Banking Institutions. The sample is made up of 800 upper level students who belong to 8 public and private universities in Tuxtepec Oaxaca. The frequency of use of financial services was checked by means of the test. The results show that students use the financial services offered by Banking Institutions. However, it is important to reiterate that some students do not resort to the financial system, this proportion of the population being an area of opportunity for the process of financial inclusion in Mexico.Key Words: Use, Financial Services, University Students.Resumen.La población incluida financieramente accede a los servicios bancarios, de ahí que ésta  inserción favorece el desarrollo económico de la población, sin embargo existen muchas personas que no  utilizan  los servicios financieros formales, incluyendo a los estudiantes. Por este motivo, el objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la frecuencia con la que los estudiantes de nivel superior de Tuxtepec Oaxaca acceden a los servicios financieros que ofrece las Instituciones Bancarias. La muestra está conformada por 800 alumnos del nivel superior que pertenecen a 8 universidades públicas y privadas de Tuxtepec Oaxaca. Se  comprobó por medio de la prueba t la frecuencia del uso de los servicios financieros. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes usan los servicios financieros que ofrecen las Instituciones Bancaria. Sin embargo, es importante reiterar que algunos estudiantes no recurren al sistema financiero, siendo esta proporción de la población un área de oportunidad para el proceso de inclusión financiera en México.Palabras Claves: Uso, Servicios Financieros, Estudiantes Universitarios.

scholarly journals A GLIMPSE INTO THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN TRIPURA

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sayan Saha ◽  
Kiran Shankar Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
State Level ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Reserve Bank

The term ‘Financial Inclusion’ signifies a process of ensuring delivery of financial services as well as banking services to the vulnerable groups at the point of need, adequately at an affordable cost. The concept of ‘Financial Inclusion’ was accentuated in 2003 by Kofi Annan, former General Secretary of United Nations. Such, efforts were undertaken by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in 2005 and the said policy as already mentioned in a pilot project was first implemented by Indian Bank. Probably, by implementing such policy resolution a vast section of the rural disadvantaged people in India was gradually coming under the ambit of formal banking services. The main aim of this paper is to assess the level of financial inclusion in Tripura based on composite Index. The study conducted in the four districts of Tripura state. The present study relies on secondary data. Secondary data collected from State Level Bankers’ Committee Reports, NEDFi databank, Economic Reviews and RBI Annual Reports. Through this paper Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI) has been used to assess the level of financial inclusion in Tripura.

Promoting Indigenous Financial Inclusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michael D'Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Geographic Dispersion ◽  
Financial Exclusion

This article describes how the majority of Australia's indigenous communities live within isolated regions and are typically characterized by levels of disadvantage not evidenced within mainstream Australian society. While there are a number of reasons for the evidenced disadvantages, access to financial services and social services are acknowledged as key contributors. The article outlines the role of banking sector competition and changing banking structures on the exclusion of indigenous people from banking services. It is claimed herein that access, marketing, price, and self-exclusion all serve to promote financial exclusion. It is posited that forms of access exclusion such as bank branch access and geographic dispersion have served as the key structural impediments to indigenous financial inclusion. Specifically, this article considers the potential role of adaptive cellular technologies and community telecentres in addressing financial exclusion within indigenous communities. Detailing successful ‘social banking' models adopted in several developing countries, it is asserted that m-banking could serve as a powerful tool for inclusion.

Promoting Indigenous Financial Inclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 348-360
Author(s):  
Michael D'Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Australian Society ◽  
Geographic Dispersion ◽  
Financial Exclusion

This article describes how the majority of Australia's indigenous communities live within isolated regions and are typically characterized by levels of disadvantage not evidenced within mainstream Australian society. While there are a number of reasons for the evidenced disadvantages, access to financial services and social services are acknowledged as key contributors. The article outlines the role of banking sector competition and changing banking structures on the exclusion of indigenous people from banking services. It is claimed herein that access, marketing, price, and self-exclusion all serve to promote financial exclusion. It is posited that forms of access exclusion such as bank branch access and geographic dispersion have served as the key structural impediments to indigenous financial inclusion. Specifically, this article considers the potential role of adaptive cellular technologies and community telecentres in addressing financial exclusion within indigenous communities. Detailing successful ‘social banking' models adopted in several developing countries, it is asserted that m-banking could serve as a powerful tool for inclusion.

Evaluation of Financial Inclusion in the Villages of India

2022 ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Nishi Malhotra ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Baag
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Large Section ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Informal Banking

Financial inclusion refers to making financial services available at the doorsteps of the citizens of India. There has been a lot of research to identify the various factors that lead to the adoption of technology for banking and availing of financial services. But there is no study on the factors that impact the adoption of technology and formal banking services in India. A large section of the population in India still uses the informal banking channel such as money lender, relatives which leads to difficulties in availing the financial services. Qualitative research and that grounded theory have been used for research. Direct interview has been used to collect data from the participants across 11 different villages. The study highlights that the level of financial and digital literacy has improved in India though the Kisan credit card scheme faces various problems in implementation.

scholarly journals (The Role of Financial Inclusion in Providing Protection to Beneficiaries of Financial Services in the Palestinian Banking Sector (2013/2017: دور الشمول المالي في توفير الحماية للمستفيدين من الخدمات المالية في القطاع المصرفي الفلسطيني- الفترة (2013- 2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Ahmed Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Degree Of Protection

  The study aimed at examining some of the indicators of financial inclusion in the Palestinian banking sector through published secondary data on the Palestinian banking sector during the period (2013- 2017), as well as to measure the degree of protection for beneficiaries of financial services in the Palestinian banking sector. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method to suit the purposes of the study. The secondary data published and prepared by the researcher were used to examine the state of financial coverage in the banking sector. A questionnaire has been designed for the purpose of collecting preliminary data regarding the level of protection provided by the banking sector to users of financial banking services through 8 areas of protection developed after reference to literature and previous studies. The study population consisted of all the beneficiaries of banking financial services in the West Bank. In view of the large size of the study society, a soft sample of (100) conditional on the characteristics of the respondents was used in terms of (banking culture, years of experience in dealing with banks, Sectoral& banking diversification).The researcher reached the following results: - The Palestinian banking sector promotes the reality of financial inclusion, which contributes significantly to enhancing financial stability. Where banks are strengthening protection for users of banking services, although the level of protection was average (2.78) overall score through the eight areas covered by the study. - The regulatory and supervisory role of the Palestinian Monetary Authority in this important sector was medium. Consumer protection bodies are required to have an active and proactive role to organize the required protection. The researcher recommended the importance of financial education to improve the financial personality of individuals and institutions, help them understand their rights and duties in dealing with the services discharged, the importance of the consumer protection associations roles in enhancing banking protection.    

scholarly journals FINANCIAL INCLUSION: A PRELUDE TO ECONOMIC STATUS OF VULNERABLE GROUP

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
The Government

India is a country where a sizeable amount of population lives in rural areas. They are engaged in agriculture and allied activities. Most of the people living in rural areas are poor. They do not have any access to the banks. The awareness and access of the poor to the banking services is important for the alleviation of the poverty. Their access to the banking services will contribute a lot to the growth and development of our country’s economy. Financial inclusion is a great weapon to overcome the financial backwardness as well as the establishment of good governance.It broadens the resource base of the financial system by developing a culture of savings among large segment of rural population, disadvantaged group and plays an essential role in the process of economic development. The Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have been making concentrated efforts periodically to overcome such vicious problems by promoting Financial Inclusion, being one of the important national objectives of the country. Since first phase of nationalization (1969) GoI continuously promoting financial inclusion through self-help groups, no frills account, simplification of KYC, Business correspondents etc., but no palpable effect could be seen in the plight of these financially vulnerable people. To mitigate this long drawn financial sufferings, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced a new scheme in his Independence Day speech on 15th Aug 2014 called Pradhan Mantri Jan DhanYojana (PMJDY). Mission of PMJDY is to ensure easy access of financial services for the excluded section i.e. weaker section and the low income group. This effort will certainly go a long way in promoting economic growth and reducing poverty, while mitigating systematic risk and maintaining financial stability. This article focuses on the RBI, GoI initiatives, current status and future prospects of financial inclusion in India on the basis of facts and data provided by various secondary sources. It is concluded that financial inclusion shows positive and valuable changes.

scholarly journals Financial Inclusion through Digital Financial Services (DFS): A Study in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Jimmy Ebong ◽  
Babu George
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
Financial Crimes ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Additional Channel

This study unravels trends and momentum in banking and mobile money channels and uptake of select services and thereafter draws implications for enhancing financial inclusion through Digital Financial Services (DFS). The Rate of Change (ROC) approach was applied to analyze the growth momentum in banking and mobile money channels in Uganda. Implications for growth momentum in banking and mobile money channels for DFS and financial inclusion was drawn from observing and making informed interpretation of such observed trends and momentum. The findings of this study imply that banks must innovate to increase their contribution towards enhancing financial inclusion. Additional channel innovations, which may infuse banking and mobile money channels, are needed for banking to leverage on growth of mobile money and regain its role in enhancing financial inclusion. Leveraging the application of digital innovations in services such as payments and digitizing alternative channels such as agent banking are likely to increase efficiencies in physical channels and the provision of banking services and thereby increase overall reach and penetration of banking. The fast pace of mobile money penetration is good for speeding up financial inclusion. However, this calls for better regulatory approaches for DFS risk reduction, consumer protection, and protecting mobile money against integrity and financial crimes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document