scholarly journals Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Olax subscorpioidea Oliv (Olacaceae): a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubarak Hussaini Ahmad ◽  
Abubakar Ibrahim Jatau ◽  
Omar Yahya Alshargi ◽  
Sa’adatu Muhammad Julde ◽  
Mustapha Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Abstract Background The plant Olax subscorpioidea Oliv (Olacaceae) is a shrub that is widely available in Africa. It has been used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases including asthma, pain, inflammation, gastrointestinal and central nervous system (CNS) disorders, cough, diabetes mellitus, cancer, infectious diseases, hepatic diseases, and many other diseases. Several phytochemical and pharmacological investigations were conducted on this plant. However, comprehensive information on this medicinally important plant is not available in the literature. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to provide comprehensive and critical information on all the reported ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and potential toxicity of Olax subscorpioidea to highlight its therapeutic potentials based on traditional usage and identify research gaps as a basis for further investigations to develop novel therapeutic compounds. Main body The available information about the plant was retrieved from the online bibliographic databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) and published PhD dissertation using the search terms Olax subscorpioidea, traditional uses, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and safety. Phytochemical studies have shown that the plant contains several bioactive compounds such as rutin, morin, quercetin, caffeic acid, santalbic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, squalene, nonacosane, hentriacontane, and many more compounds. Also, pharmacological investigations revealed that Olax subscorpioidea has antidepressant, antiepileptic, anti-Alzheimer’s, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antiarthritic, antidiabetic, anticancer, antiulcer, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, apoptotic, antiprotease, and other CNS effects. Conclusion Several pharmacological studies on Olax subscorpioidea have established its ethnopharmacological uses. However, there are limited phytochemical and pharmacological studies to validate other folkloric claims of the plant. Therefore, extensive phytochemical and further pre-clinical efficacy and safety evaluations to fully establish its therapeutic potentials and elucidate its mechanisms of pharmacological actions could be necessary. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals KANDUNGAN SENYAWA KIMIA DAN BIOAKTIVITAS DARI SELAGINELLA DOEDERLEINII HIERON

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoirul Ngibad
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Cakar ayam (Selaginella doederleinii Hieron) is a wild plant that has potential as a herbal medicine. This review aims to examine phytochemical studies and pharmacological investigations of the herb “Selaginella doederleinii Hieron”. Available information on phytochemical content and pharmacological studies from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron were collected from electronic search (DOAJ, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Spingerlink). The results of this article review showed that the most of the chemical content contained in the plant Selaginella doederleinii Hieron is class of flavonoid and alkaloids compounds. Several studies have reported that Selaginella doederleinii Hieron can be potent as an antioxidant, antitumor, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral. The review of this article is expected to serve as a source of reference for further exploration needed for the development of Selaginella doederleinii Hieron into a standardized herbal medicine or phytopharmaca.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in children: an approach for multisystem inflammatory syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haneen K. Morsy ◽  
Noha S. Tohamy ◽  
Hager M. Abd El Ghaffar ◽  
Rana Sayed ◽  
Nagwa A. Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Evidence Based Guideline ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Current Guidelines

Abstract Background and objectives Children suffering from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) usually present with mild symptoms and show lower mortality rates than adults. However, there have been several recent reports of more severe hyperinflammatory presentation in pediatric COVID-19 patients. This review article aims to summarize the current literature available on the main clinical features and management approaches of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Methods The authors searched different indexing databases for observational and interventional studies using search terms including “Coronavirus, COVID-19, pediatric, MIS-C, Kawasaki, and inflammation.” The retrieved publications were further assessed for relevance to the topic. Only relevant articles were included in writing this review article. Main body Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome temporally related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pediatrics. It is characterized by persistent fever, rash, elevated inflammatory markers, and multiorgan failure with increasing rates of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal involvement. The exact pathophysiologic mechanisms of MIS-C are still unknown, but it is postulated to be due to an exaggerated immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children is diagnosed by exclusion of other underlying causes of organ failure. There is a lack of clinical evidence on the management of MIS-C. The current guidelines depend mainly on expert opinion based on the management of other hyper-inflammatory syndromes in children. Patients suffering from MIS-C are treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), corticosteroids, infliximab, tocilizumab, and anakinra. Conclusions Despite the growing reports on COVID-19 in children, there is still a lot to elucidate on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and subsequent management of MIS-C. Further trials are needed to investigate new approaches to manage MIS-C. Specific evidence-based guideline for management of MIS-C should be tailored to the current available information on MIS-C.

scholarly journals Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Asteraceae): Ethnomedicinal Uses, Chemical Constituents, and Biological Activities

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Deepak Timalsina ◽  
Hari Prasad Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Phenolic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Syn.: Eclipta alba (L.) Hassak, Family: Asteraceae) is an important medicinal plant in the tropical and subtropical regions. It is widely used in treating various diseases of skin, liver and stomach in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and other countries. The main aim of this review was to collect and analyze the available information on traditional uses, phytoconstituents, and biological activities of E. prostrata. The scientific information was collected from the online bibliographic databases such as Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, SciFinder, etc. and books and proceedings. The active phytochemicals were coumestan derivatives, phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoids, triterpenoid and steroid saponins, substituted thiophenes, etc. Various extracts and isolated compounds of E. prostrata showed a wide range of biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and hair growth promoting activities. Relatively a few studies have been performed to reveal the exact phytoconstituents responsible for their corresponding pharmacological activities. Future studies should focus on detailed mechanism based studies using animal models and clinical studies.

scholarly journals A Phytopharmacological Review of Prospective of Bhrungaraj (Eclipta alba Hassk.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjivani Shekokar ◽  
Shraddha U Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Complete Information ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Clinical Safety ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽  
Medicinal Plant Material ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Eclipta alba Hassk.(compositeae) is an important small branched annual herbaceous plant in Ayurveda   described first by  Bhavprakasha and is widely used for treating various ailments in the Indian system of medicine. Aim: Aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the pharmacological activities of various part of Eclipta alba Hassk. Setting and design: This is a contribution which provides a comprehensive review on ethnomedicinal uses, chemical composition, and the pharmacological profile of Eclipta alba Hassk. as an important medicinal plant. Material and methods: All the relevant universally accepted electronic databases were searched with respect to the terms “Bhrungaraj”, “False Daisy”, “Eclipta erecta,”, “Eclipta prostate,”, “Verbesina alba, ”& Verbesina prostrate” including Indian classical texts, pharmacopoeias, Ayurvedic books, journals, etc., for information without specific timeline. Complete information of the plant has been collected manually. Result and conclusion: The collected data reflects that many ethno‑medicinal claims have been confirmed through the modern in‑vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies using different extracts and their isolates of Eclipta alba Hassk. The isolation of active constituents, their biological actions, clinical safety and validation of traditional uses of Eclipta alba could provide leads for further scientific research. The information collected here will be useful to set‑up research protocols for modern drugs and Ayurvedic formulation development. 

scholarly journals Protocol for a systematic review on the experience of informal caregivers for people with a moderate to advanced dementia within a domestic home setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles James ◽  
Catherine Walshe ◽  
Katherine Froggatt
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Informal Caregiving ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Search Terms

Abstract Background The knowledge about the experience of informal caregivers who provide care to people with moderate to advanced dementia in a domestic home setting is limited. A consequence of long hours of caregiving in addition to dealing with normal challenges of daily living is their experience of a poor quality of life. Some of their experiences may be described in terms of a feeling of powerlessness to make changes during care provision. This feeling may also suggest an experience of moral distress. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise qualitative evidence relating to these experiences. Methods This review adopts a narrative synthesis approach. A search will be conducted for studies written in the English language in the bibliographic databases MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Academic Search Complete covering periods from 1984 to present. Included studies will be qualitative or mixed-methods designs. The search terms will be related to dementia and caregivers, and the process will be focused on dementia at the moderate to the advanced stages within the domestic home setting. Reference lists of included papers will also be searched for additional relevant citations. Search terms and strategies will be checked by two independent reviewers. The identification of abstracts and full texts of studies will be done by the author, while the quality and the risk of bias will also be checked by the two independent reviewers. Discussion Psychological distress is cited as an experience reported within informal caregiving. For the caregiver, it is associated with a negative impact on general health. To date, no synthesis exists on the specific experience of informal caregiving for people with moderate to advanced dementia within the domestic home setting. This review considers that variation of accounts contributes to how the informal caregivers’ general experience is explored in future research. This may enable gaps in current knowledge to be highlighted within the wider context of caregiving in the domestic home setting. Systematic review registration This review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020183649).

scholarly journals Scoping review: Development and assessment of evaluation frameworks of mobile health apps for recommendations to consumers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hensher ◽  
Paul Cooper ◽  
Sithara Wanni Arachchige Dona ◽  
Mary Rose Angeles ◽  
Dieu Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Evaluative Criteria ◽  
Mobile Health Apps ◽  
Threshold Filter ◽  
Individual Clinician

Abstract Objective The study sought to review the different assessment items that have been used within existing health app evaluation frameworks aimed at individual, clinician, or organizational users, and to analyze the scoring and evaluation methods used in these frameworks. Materials and Methods We searched multiple bibliographic databases and conducted backward searches of reference lists, using search terms that were synonyms of “health apps,” “evaluation,” and “frameworks.” The review covered publications from 2011 to April 2020. Studies on health app evaluation frameworks and studies that elaborated on the scaling and scoring mechanisms applied in such frameworks were included. Results Ten common domains were identified across general health app evaluation frameworks. A list of 430 assessment criteria was compiled across 97 identified studies. The most frequently used scaling mechanism was a 5-point Likert scale. Most studies have adopted summary statistics to generate the total scoring of each app, and the most popular approach taken was the calculation of mean or average scores. Other frameworks did not use any scaling or scoring mechanism and adopted criteria-based, pictorial, or descriptive approaches, or “threshold” filter. Discussion There is wide variance in the approaches to evaluating health apps within published frameworks, and this variance leads to ongoing uncertainty in how to evaluate health apps. Conclusions A new evaluation framework is needed that can integrate the full range of evaluative criteria within one structure, and provide summative guidance on health app rating, to support individual app users, clinicians, and health organizations in choosing or recommending the best health app.

scholarly journals Ethnomedical uses, chemical constituents, and evidence-based pharmacological properties of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.: extensive overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Félicien Mushagalusa Kasali ◽  
Jonans Tusiimire ◽  
Justin Ntokamunda Kadima ◽  
Amon Ganafa Agaba
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽  
Significant Health

Abstract Background The Chenopodium genus is a plant family widely spread worldwide that includes various plant species reputed to possess several medicinal virtues in folk medicines. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. is among the most used plants in traditional medicines worldwide. This review aimed to highlight ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical status, and pharmacological properties of C. ambrosioides L. Main body of the abstract The analysis of relevant data highlights various ethnomedicinal uses against human and veterinary diseases in forty countries. Most indications consisted of gastrointestinal tract dysfunctioning troubles and worms parasitemia. Around 330 chemical compounds have been identified in different plant parts, especially in its essential oil fractions (59.84%). However, only a few compounds—mainly monoterpenes and glycosides—have been isolated and characterized. Experimental pharmacological studies validated a large scale of significant health benefits. It appeared that many monoterpenes are antioxidant, insecticidal, trypanocidal, analgesic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, acaricidal, amoebicidal, anthelmintic, anticancer, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antifertility, antifungal, anti-leishmanial, antimalarial, antipyretic, antisickling, antischistosomal, antiulcer, anxiolytic, immunomodulatory, molluscicidal, and vasorelaxant agents. Short conclusion Thus, the Chenopodium ambrosioides species necessitates further chemical studies to isolate and characterize new bioactive secondary metabolites and pharmacological investigations to precise the mechanisms of action before clinical trials.

Chemical constituents, ethnomedicinal uses, pharmacology, and toxicity of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants, formerly Chenopodium ambrosioides L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boniface Pone Kamdem ◽  
Eutrophe Le Doux Kamto ◽  
Hugues Kamdem Paumo ◽  
Lebogang Maureen Katata-Seru ◽  
Dieudonné Emmanuel Pegnyemb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Literature Information ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Background: Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants is an aromatic herb native to South America, but also distributed widely throughout Africa and Europe. This plant is traditionally used to treat various ailments including, pain and swellings, flu, parasitic diseases, and as analgesic, antipyretic, and wound healing. Phytochemical analyses of D. ambrosioides revealed the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, fatty acids and miscellaneous compounds among others, which might be responsible for its modern pharmacological actions. Objective: The present work summarizes recent developments on phytochemistry, ethnomedicinal use, pharmacology, and toxicity of D. ambrosioides. A critical assessment of the literature information of D. ambrosioides is also presented. Methods: The available information on D. ambrosioides was collected through libraries and electronic databases [Scifinder, ACS, Scielo, Science direct, Pubmed (National Library of Medicine), Wiley, Springer, PROTA, Web of Science, Google Web, Yahoo search and Google scholar] from respective inception until january 2021. Results: More than 150 compounds, including terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, fatty acids, and miscellaneous compounds etc.. were identified from D. ambrosioides. D. ambrosioides exhibited a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, anticancer, insecticidal, antigiardial, among others. Metal nanoparticles synthesized from D. ambrosioides extracts presented enhanced pharmacological activities as compared to the crude plant extracts counterparts. Conclusion: D. ambrosioides is a promising medicinal plant, however, more in vivo experiments, cytotoxicity tests, and mechanisms of actions of its extracts and compounds are recommended to transubstantiate the ethnomedicinal claims of this plant into scientific rationale-based information.

scholarly journals VP196 Impact Of Trial Registry Search Features On Searches In CT.gov/ICTRP

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 240-241
Author(s):  
Elke Hausner ◽  
Marco Knelangen ◽  
Siw Waffenschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Trial Registry ◽  
Search Queries ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Advanced Search ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

INTRODUCTION:In contrast to bibliographic databases, trial registries do not offer the option of formulating complex search queries, thus making targeted searches more difficult. However, ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov) and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) offer different search features that may help compensate this limitation. Our aim was to determine the importance of search features (for example, searches using synonyms or, additionally in CT.gov, automatic inclusion of further search fields) for trial registry searches.METHODS:We conducted a project called “Trial registry searches for studies of newly approved drugs” (1). One analysis investigated the question as to whether searches for different health conditions and interventions (new drugs) directly identified registry entries with the search terms entered or whether certain search features were responsible for this. We searched CT.gov and ICTRP for different conditions and interventions using the advanced search interface. For each search, we documented the synonyms listed in the two registries. We imported the registry entries into EndNote and evaluated whether the search terms used were available in the corresponding search fields (condition; intervention).RESULTS:For CT.gov, 96 registry entries on 18 interventions and 190 entries on 12 conditions were analysed. Of these, twenty-three (24 percent) entries for interventions and thirty-eight (20 percent) for conditions were identified by search features, not by search terms. For ICTRP, 32 entries on 10 interventions and 100 entries on 9 conditions were analysed. Of these, five (16 percent) entries for interventions and eight (8 percent) for conditions were identified by search features.CONCLUSIONS:Trial registry search features have an important impact on the sensitivity of searches. Many studies are not identified by the search terms entered, but by searches using synonyms and, additionally in CT.gov, by automatic inclusion of further search fields. Moreover, search features in CT.gov are more effective than in ICTRP – even though the same search terms are used, they consistently yield higher sensitivities.

Bibliographic Databases in Tribology

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Fries ◽  
F. E. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
Scientific And Technical Information ◽  
Information Retrieval Systems ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Available Information

It is important that the modern-day researcher and engineer stay abreast of technology in his field, but this task is made very difficult by the recent flood of scientific and technical information. Coping with the information explosion requires the use of computerized information systems. This paper reviews computer-based information retrieval systems in engineering and focuses specifically on databases of literature and information relevant to tribologists and lubrication engineers. These databases are listed and their characteristics are discussed. Results of a sample computer-based literature search are included. It is shown that no single database has complete coverage of all aspects of tribology and that several databases should be searched to get all available information on a subject.

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