scholarly journals Development of specific primers for Fusarium oxysporum causing damping off of Lilium formolongi

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Toda ◽  
Shun Hanesaka ◽  
Kuniaki Shishido ◽  
Shin-ichi Fuji ◽  
Hiromitsu Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Primer Design ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Forma Specialis

AbstractPrimers specific for the hypothetical forma specialis of Fusarium oxysporum were designed to amplify DNA from this pathogenic fungus that infects plants including lilies. The F. oxysporum sequence between the transposal elements han and hop was used for primer design. Three primer pairs designed from this region were confirmed as specific for 24 isolates of F. oxysporum pathogenic to lilies, except for one pathogenic isolates as extraordinary. No amplification was observed from F. oxysporum non-pathogenic to lily, from 12 forma specialis, and 14 fungi and oomycetes concerned with Liliaceae plants. We propose that specific primers designed from this region will be useful to detect isolates of F. oxysporum that are pathogenic to lilies.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Infraspesifik Fusarium oxysporum asal Subtrat Nonpisang dan Kemampuan Pindah Inangnya ke Tanaman Pisang

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayuh Rahayu ◽  
Widodo Widodo ◽  
Ni Putu Winda Mahasari
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Specific Identification ◽  
Forma Specialis

Infra-specific Identification of Fusarium oxysporum from Nonbanana Substrates and Its Ability to Move Hosts to Banana PlantsFusarium oxysporum has various life style, i.e. saprobe, endophyte and pathogen. Plant pathogenic F. oxysporum are divided into many forma specialis (f. sp.) depending on the host, for instance F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), a causal agent of Panama disease of banana. The study aimed to determine the infraspecific identity of F. oxysporum from non-banana host and evaluate its ability to jump banana plants. Infraspecific identity was determined through a molecular approach using 3 specific primers to recognize TR4 race (TR4 F/R, TR4 F/R1, and FocSc-1/ FocSc-2), while the host’s transfer ability was tested on 2 banana cultivars namely cv. Ambon and Tanduk. Thirteen strain studied  i.e IPBCC 88,012, IPBCC 07,528, IPBCC 07,561, IPBCC 08,562, IPBCC 08,568, IPBCC 10.674, IPBCC 14.1236, IPBCC 14.1237, IPBCC 14.1238 and IPBCC 14.1239 were TR4 Foc; IPBCC 07,338 and IPBCC 14.1242 are race Foc 4. The pathogenicity test of Foc IPBCC 88,012, 07,328, 08,561, 10,674 and 14.1236 derived from cucumbers, soil, agarwood sapwood, insect nests and quinine tree endophytes showed that these strains were able to move to banana plant. This shows that Foc may not host-specific and the infaspecific term forma specialis is therefore debatable.

scholarly journals Current Classification and Diversity of Fusarium Species Complex, the Causal Pathogen of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana in Malaysia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Anysia Hedy Ujat ◽  
Ganesan Vadamalai ◽  
Yukako Hattori ◽  
Chiharu Nakashima ◽  
Clement Kiing Fook Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum Species Complex

The re-emergence of the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium odoratissimum (F. odoratissimum) causes global banana production loss. Thirty-eight isolates of Fusarium species (Fusarium spp.) were examined for morphological characteristics on different media, showing the typical Fusarium spp. The phylogenetic trees of Fusarium isolates were generated using the sequences of histone gene (H3) and translation elongation factor gene (TEF-1α). Specific primers were used to confirm the presence of F. odoratissimum. The phylogenetic trees showed the rich diversity of the genus Fusarium related to Fusarium wilt, which consists of F. odoratissimum, Fusarium grosmichelii, Fusarium sacchari, and an unknown species of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex. By using Foc-TR4 specific primers, 27 isolates were confirmed as F. odoratissimum. A pathogenicity test was conducted for 30 days on five different local cultivars including, Musa acuminata (AAA, AA) and Musa paradisiaca (AAB, ABB). Although foliar symptoms showed different severity of those disease progression, vascular symptoms of the inoculated plantlet showed that infection was uniformly severe. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Fusarium oxysporum species complex related to Fusarium wilt of banana in Malaysia is rich in diversity, and F. odoratissimum has pathogenicity to local banana cultivars in Malaysia regardless of the genotype of the banana plants.

scholarly journals Uji masa simpan pelet Trichoderma harzianum dan kemampuannya dalam menghambat perkembangan penyakit Layu Fusarium pada bibit tomat.

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Rizka Musfirah ◽  
Rina Sriwati ◽  
Tjut Chamzurni
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Damping Off

Abstrak. Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang ditanam secara luas di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia, karena memiliki rasa yang khas dan enak, juga memiliki nilai gizi seperti sumber vitamin A dan C yang sangat baik. Produksi tomat mengalami penurunan setiap tahun, salah satunya diakibatkan oleh organisme penganggu tanaman (OPT) yaitu patogen Fusarium oxysporum sehingga perlu dilakukan pengendalian hayati yaitu menggunakan Trichoderma harzianum dalam bentuk formulasi pelet yang praktis, efektif, dan efesien. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan, setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 10 unit bibit tomat. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 6 perlakuan yaitu perlakuan A (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum  4 minggu), B (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 3 minggu), C (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 2 minggu), D (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 1 minggu), E (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 0 minggu), F (tanpa perlakuan pelet T. harzianum). Peubah yang diamati yaitu pre-emergence damping off, post-emergence damping off, masa inkubasi, persentase tanaman layu, tinggi tanaman, dan jumlah daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelet T. harzianum yang disimpan 4 minggu efektif dalam menghambat perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium seperti menunda masa inkubasi sampai 7 HSI, menekan pre-emergence damping off sampai 90%, post-emergence damping off 92,95%, serta mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman sampai 19,63 cm dan meningkatkan jumlah daun rata-rata 7 helai pada 35 HSI. (Storing Period of Trichoderma harzianum Pellets and its ability to Inhibit the development of Fusarium Wilt Disease on Tomato Seeds)Abstract. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most widely grown commodities in the world, including Indonesia. It has a distinctively good taste and many nutritional value such as vitamin A and C. However, tomato production has decreased every year. One of the main cause is the attacks by pathogens, named Fusarium oxysporum. A Biological control is necessary and the use of Trichoderma harzianum in the form of pellets is recommended because of its effectiveness, efficiency and practical use. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) non-factorial consisted of 6 treatments with 3 replications, each treatment consisted of 10 units of tomato seedlings. The 6 treatments are named as treatment A (T. harzianum pellet saving 4 weeks), B (T. harzianum pellet saving period 3 weeks), C (shelf life of 2 weeks T. harzianum pellet), D (shelf life of pellet T harzianum 1 week), E (shelf life of pellet T. harzianum 0 weeks), and F (without T. harzianum pellet treatment). The variables observed in this study are pre-emergence damping off, post-emergence damping off, incubation period, the percentage of wilted plants, plant height, and the number of leaves. The results showed that pellets of T. harzianum stored 4 weeks effectively inhibiting the development of fusarium wilt disease such as delaying incubation period up to 7 HSI (Days After Incubation), suppressing the pre-emergence damping off up to 90% and post-emergence damping off to 92.95%, also able to increase the plant height up to 19.63 cm and increase the average leaf number of 7 strands at 35 HSI.

scholarly journals UJI DAYAHAMBAT EUGENOL DARI DAUN CENGKEH HASIL FRAKSINASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR PATOGEN Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Cubense Eugenol Inhibitory Test From Clove Leaf Fractionation Of Fungal Patogen Growth Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense

AgriPeat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Admin Journal
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Vacuum Distillation ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Vitro Test

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the inhibition of eugenol derived from fractionation clove leaf essentialoils (CLEO) on the growth of pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) and LC50(Lethal Concentration 50). This research was in vitro, started with purification of clove leaf essentialoil, fractionation by vacuum distillation and bioassay. In vitro tests include exploration of minimuminhibition and preventability tests. Data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2010 program. Theresults of minimum inhibition showed at 218,75 ppm concentration of each level was able to inhibitthe growth of Foc fungi. The minimum inhibition exploration was carried out at 218,75 ppm, 109,38ppm, 54,69 ppm and 27,34 ppm. Exploration results showed that fractionated CLEO has been able toinhibit the growth of Foc fungi at 27,34 ppm in the amount of 15,60%. This concentration is used asthe lowest concentration in the inhibitory test. Furthermore, the inhibitory test was carried out startingat the highest concentration of 218,75 ppm, 109,38 ppm, 54,69 ppm and 27,34 ppm. Observationswere made for 7 days after inoculation (DAI). The results showed the best inhibition was at aconcentration of 218,75 ppm at 90,70% and LC50 at 11.17 µL.Keywords: CLEO, fractionation, Foc, in vitro test and LC50

scholarly journals The sss Colonization Gene of the Tomato-Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici Biocontrol Strain Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365 Can Improve Root Colonization of Other Wild-type Pseudomonas spp. Bacteria

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1177-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda C. Dekkers ◽  
Ine H. M. Mulders ◽  
Claartje C. Phoelich ◽  
Thomas F. C. Chin-A-Woeng ◽  
André H. M. Wijfjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Colonization Ability

We show that the disease tomato foot and root rot caused by the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici can be controlled by inoculation of seeds with cells of the efficient root colonizer Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365, indicating that strain WCS365 is a bio-control strain. The mechanism for disease suppression most likely is induced systemic resistance. P. fluorescens strain WCS365 and P. chlororaphis strain PCL1391, which acts through the production of the antibiotic phenazine-1-carboxamide, were differentially labeled using genes encoding autofluorescent proteins. Inoculation of seeds with a 1:1 mixture of these strains showed that, at the upper part of the root, the two cell types were present as microcolonies of either one or both cell types. Microcolonies at the lower root part were predominantly of one cell type. Mixed inoculation tended to improve biocontrol in comparison with single inoculations. In contrast to what was observed previously for strain PCL1391, mutations in various colonization genes, including sss, did not consistently decrease the biocontrol ability of strain WCS365. Multiple copies of the sss colonization gene in WCS365 improved neither colonization nor biocontrol by this strain. However, introduction of the sss-containing DNA fragment into the poor colonizer P. fluorescens WCS307 and into the good colonizer P. fluorescens F113 increased the competitive tomato root tip colonization ability of the latter strains 16- to 40-fold and 8- to 16-fold, respectively. These results show that improvement of the colonization ability of wild-type Pseudomonas strains by genetic engineering is a realistic goal.

scholarly journals Fusarium oxysporumf. sp.mori, a New Forma Specialis Causing Fusarium Wilt of Blackberry

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 2066-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Pastrana ◽  
S. C. Kirkpatrick ◽  
M. Kong ◽  
J. C. Broome ◽  
T. R. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Tubulin Genes ◽  
Forma Specialis ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

Fusarium oxysporum has recently been identified as the cause of a wilt disease affecting blackberry in California and Mexico. Thirty-six isolates of F. oxysporum obtained from symptomatic blackberry plants in California and Mexico were comprised of nine distinct somatic compatibility groups (SCGs). Phylogenetic analysis of a concatenated data set, consisting of sequences of the translation elongation factor 1-α and β-tubulin genes and the intergenic spacer of the ribosomal DNA, identified nine three-locus sequence types, each of which corresponded to an SCG. Six SCGs were present only in California, two only in Mexico, and one in both California and Mexico. An isolate associated with the most common SCG in California was tested for pathogenicity on blueberry, raspberry, strawberry, and lettuce. All blueberry, raspberry, and lettuce plants that were inoculated remained healthy, but two of the five strawberry cultivars tested developed symptoms. The three strawberry cultivars that were resistant to the blackberry pathogen were also resistant to F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, the cause of Fusarium wilt of strawberry. We propose to designate strains of F. oxysporum that are pathogenic to blackberry as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. mori forma specialis nov.

scholarly journals Differential Colonization of Tomato Roots by Nonpathogenic and Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum Strains May Influence Fusarium Wilt Control

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian R. Bao ◽  
George Lazarovits
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Gus Activity ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Interaction Sites ◽  
Inoculation Density ◽  
Tomato Roots ◽  
Cell Layers

Histochemical staining, β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity, or placing roots on agar were methods used to characterize interactions between the pathogenic fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, and the nonpathogenic biocontrol F. oxysporum strain 70T01 with respect to colonization behaviors, interaction sites, and population densities on tomato roots. Mycelia of strain 70T01, a genetic transformant expressing stable GUS activity, hygromycin B resistance, and effective disease control, were localized in epidermal and cortex cell layers of tomato roots in a discontinuous and uneven pattern. In contrast, mycelia of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici were found in the vascular bundles. Thus, direct interactions between the two fungi likely happen in the root surface cell layers. Colonization density of strain 70T01 was related to the inoculation density but decreased with distance from the inoculation site. Host defense reactions, including increased cell wall thickness or papilla deposits, were adjacent to 70T01 hyphae. Experiments done in soil showed that strain 70T01 densities in roots were highest at inoculation zones and barely detectable for root segments more than 2 cm away from the inoculation sites. F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici densities were lowest at 70T01 inoculation zones and highest (>10 times) where strain 70T01 was not directly applied. Newly elongating roots where strain 70T01 did not reach were available for infection by the pathogen. The higher strain 70T01 density was always found when the plants were simultaneously infected by F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, suggesting that F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici has as much influence in predisposing the plant to colonization by strain 70T01 as strain 70T01 has on providing disease protection against the pathogen.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Rhizobium sp. Strain TBD182, an Antagonist of the Plant-Pathogenic Fungus Fusarium oxysporum, Isolated from a Novel Hydroponics System Using Organic Fertilizer

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Iida ◽  
Kazuki Fujiwara ◽  
Nobutaka Someya ◽  
Makoto Shinohara
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fungistatic Activity ◽  
Rhizobium Sp

ABSTRACT Rhizobium sp. strain TBD182, isolated from a novel hydroponics system, is an antagonistic bacterium that inhibits the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum but does not eliminate the pathogen. We report the draft genome sequence of TBD182, which may contribute to elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of its fungistatic activity.

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