scholarly journals Efficacy of preoperative testosterone therapy in hypospadias: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gozali Sembiring ◽  
Yacobda Sigumonrong
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reoperation Rate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Meatal Stenosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Bleeding, hematoma, edema, wound infection, and scar formation are the common problems linked with hypospadias reconstruction. Hormone treatment is recommended before surgical treatment to improve intraoperative circumstances. However, no meta-analysis has explored the effectiveness and side effects of testosterone treatment before surgery in hypospadias. Main body of the abstract The purpose of this paperwork is to evaluate the impact of preoperative testosterone treatment in hypospadias based on clinical data from published trials. This study searched MEDLINE, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library without regard to year. However, only English journals were included, with a manual search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Guidelines supplementing the search. In this meta-analysis, five papers were considered. Two of these investigations were multicenter randomized clinical trials. Two of the studies were prospective, with a median follow-up of varying lengths. A retrospective investigation was conducted. There were 585 patients in all that took part in this trial. After surgery, the complication rate was measured in both the intervention and control groups, including meatal stenosis, fistula, glans dehiscence, scarring, reoperation rate, urethral diverticulum, fine pubic hair, and sexual precocity. The only significant difference between the intervention and control groups was that the intervention group had a decreased frequency of glans dehiscence following surgery (OR 0.40 with the 95% CI of 0.17 until 0.97). Conclusions This study discovered that a patient who got testosterone before surgery had a considerably decreased complication risk for glandular dehiscence. Reoperation rate, urethral-cutaneous fistula, meatal stenosis, and penile scarring in children with hypospadias, on the other hand, revealed no significant difference in the testosterone-treated group against the control group.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen in reduce the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Cheol Chang ◽  
Sang Gyu Kwak ◽  
Jin-Sung Park ◽  
Donghwi Park
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract To test the hypothesis that aspirin, non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-infammatory drugs (NA-NSAIDs), or acetaminophen can reduce the risk of ALS, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of related previous studies. A comprehensive search was conducted on the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS databases. It included studies published up to 29 February 2020 that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Aspirin, acetaminophen and NA-NSAIDs use information, between the ALS and control groups, was collected for the meta-analysis. Rates of aspirin, NA-NSAID, and acetaminophen use in ALS group, compared with control group were investigated. In the results, only three studies that relate the risk of ALS to aspirin, NA-NSAIDs and acetaminophen use satisfied the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Regarding aspirin, the studies did not show any statistically significant difference in aspirin use between the ALS and control groups (Odds ratio, 1.04 [95% confidence interval, 0.90–1.21]). NA-NSAIDs and acetaminophen use, however, did show up statistically significant differences in between the ALS and control groups. (Odds ratio, 0.82 [95% confidence interval, 0.73–0.91]) and (Odds ratio, 0.80 [95% confidence interval, 0.69–0.93]). However, our study has some limitations. Firstly, we only included a small number of studies. Secondly, the included studies did not control for past medical history, which may have confounded their results, and in turn, could have caused bias in our study. Thirdly, in this meta-analysis, the ALS patients were not subdivided into sporadic or familial type. Lastly, the studies also did not consider the types of NSAIDs and dosages used of each drug. For more convincing evidence regarding the effectiveness of aspirin, NA-NSAIDs and acetaminophen to reduce the risk of ALS occurrence, more qualified prospective studies are required. In conclusion, the use of NA-NSAIDs and acetaminophen is associated with a decreased risk for the development of ALS. In contrast, aspirin did not have any effect on the reduction of the risk of ALS occurrence.

scholarly journals Assessment of anxiety and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tathiana Pagano ◽  
Luciana Akemi Matsutani ◽  
Elisabeth Alves Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
Amélia Pasqual Marques ◽  
Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

CONTEXT: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, and by a low pain threshold at specific anatomical points. The syndrome is associated with other symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness and anxiety. Because of its chronic nature, it often has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of life and anxiety level of patients with fibromyalgia. TYPE Of STUDY: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Rheumatology outpatient service of Hospital das Clínicas (Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo). METHODS: This study evaluated 80 individuals, divided between test and control groups. The test group included 40 women with a confirmed diagnosis of fibromyalgia. The control group was composed of 40 healthy women. Three questionnaires were used: two to assess quality of life (FIQ and SF-36) and one to assess anxiety (STAI). They were applied to the individuals in both groups in a single face-to-face interview. The statistical analysis used Student's t test and Pearson's correlation test (r), with a significance level of 95%. Also, the Pearson chi-squared statistics test for homogeneity, with Yates correction, was used for comparing schooling between test and control groups. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.000), thus indicating that fibromyalgia patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety. The correlations between the three questionnaires were high (r = 0.9). DISCUSSION: This study has confirmed the efficacy of FIQ for evaluating the impact of fibromyalgia on the quality of life. SF-36 is less specific than FIQ, although statistically significant values were obtained when analyzed separately, STAI showed lower efficacy for discriminating the test group from the control group. The test group showed worse quality of life than did the control group, which was demonstrated by both FIQ and SF-36. Even though STAI was a less efficient instrument, it presented significant results, showing that fibromyalgia patients presented higher levels of anxiety, both on the state and trait scales. Thus, patients with fibromyalgia had higher levels of tension, nervousness, preoccupation and apprehension, and higher propensity towards anxiety. CONCLUSION: The three instruments utilized showed efficiency in evaluating fibromyalgia patients. FIQ was found to be the most efficient instrument for discriminating and assessing the impact of fibromyalgia on their quality of life. It can be concluded that such patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Ginkgo-Damole and Nitroglycerin or Sodium Nitroprusside on Hypertensive Cerebropathies: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Li Peng ◽  
Wei-kun Zhao ◽  
Tong-tong Xu ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Pan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Objective. To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of ginko-damole combined with nitroglycerin or unitary sodium nitroprusside on hypertensive cerebropathy. Methods. Four Chinese databases (VIP, CBM, Wanfang database, and CNKI database) and three English databases (Cochrane, PubMed, and EMBASE) were used to screen randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on treatments of hypertensive cerebropathy using both ginko-damole and nitroglycerin or unitary sodium nitroprusside. Outcomes included clinical effect, blood pressure after treatment, and adverse effects. These indicators were then analysed statistically using the RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software. Results. Altogether, 16 RCTs including 1507 patients with hypertensive cerebropathy were included in the present meta-analysis, of which, 755 patients treated with combined ginko-damole and nitroglycerin were included in the observation group and 752 patients treated with sodium nitroprusside were included in the control group. The curative effect of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group (RR: 1.115 [1.077, 1.155], p<0.05). DBPs of the observation and control groups were both lower after treatment, and no significant difference was observed between the observation and control groups (MD: −1.072 [−2.578, 0.434], p>0.05). SBPs in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (MD: −2.842 [−5.222, −0.462], p<0.05). The probability of adverse response in both groups did not differ significantly (RR: 0.752 [0.412, 1.374], p>0.05). Conclusion. Compared with sodium nitroprusside, the combined ginkgo-damole and nitroglycerin could better control blood pressure in patients with hypertensive cerebropathy and showed enhanced clinical effects and improved safety. However, due to poor quality of the included studies, results of the present meta-analysis should be confirmed by more stringent RCTs.

Effect of Verbal Feedback on Dribbling Skill in Basketball During The Eight Weeks Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3349-3351
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Efe Etiler ◽  
Turhan Toros
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Verbal Feedback ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Purpose of this study is to examine the impact of verbal feedbacks given to the player during trainings on the basketball dribbling. The study is performed with total 40 students in two groups having similarities in terms of various factors and having education in Toros University in 2016-2017 academic year. The average age of the research group is (20.87 ± 1.61) for the test group and (20.60 ± 1.09) for the control group. Dribbling Evaluation Form, whose validity and reliability study was conducted by Çamur3 was used as data collection tool. In the data analysis, Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine whether the scores show normal distribution or not. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to determine the difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the groups. In the study, 0.05 was used in statistical processes as the level of significance. According to the research findings, there was a significant difference between the test group's pre-test and post-test dribbling values (p <0.05). The Mann-Whitney U Test was used to determine the differences between test and control groups. According to the research findings, a significant difference was found between the test and control groups' post-test dribbling values (p <0.05). As a result, it was observed that verbal feedback during eight weeks of training had a positive effect on dribbling. Keywords: Dribbling, Skill Learning, Basketball, Feedback, Verbal Feedback

scholarly journals Treatment-Related Adverse Events with PD-1 or PD-L1 Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1277
Author(s):  
Yixi Zhang ◽  
Bin La ◽  
Baosheng Liang ◽  
Yangchun Gu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Average Analysis ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Risk Of Treatment

Objective: to evaluate the risk of treatment-related adverse events of different severity and different system with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors. Methods: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that using PD-1/PD-L1 for cancer treatment were searched in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from 1 January 2019 to 31 May 2021. Adverse events data were extracted from clinical trials website or original article by two authors separately. Meta-analysis was used to determine risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of adverse events in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors groups compared to that of control groups. Subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: a total of 5,807 studies were initially identified and after exclusion, 41 studies were included in meta-analysis. All the trials were international multicenter, randomized, phase II/III clinical trials, with the median follow-up of 27.5 months on average. Analysis of all grade adverse events showed that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors treatment significantly increased the risk of immune-related adverse events, including pruritus (RR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.85–2.96), rash (RR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.25–1.87), ALT elevation (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.23–1.92), AST elevation (AST: RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.20–1.85), hepatitis (RR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.96–6.38) and hypothyroid (RR: 5.29, 95% CI: 4.00–6.99) compared with that of control group. Besides that, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were associated with higher risk of adverse events related to respiratory system including cough (RR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.21–1.48), dyspnea (RR:1.23, 95% CI: 1.12–1.35) and chest pain (RR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.07–1.47) compared with that of control groups in our meta-analysis and the dyspnea was taken high risk both in all grade and grade 3 or higher (RR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.13–2.12). The risk of arthralgia was increased with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors (RR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.10–1.47). Although the risk of myalgia was similar with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and control groups, under subgroup analysis, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors decreased the risk of myalgia (RR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.45–0.70) compared with that of chemotherapy. Conclusions: our results provide clear evidence that the risk of treatment-related adverse events in PD-1 or PD-L1 varies widely in different system. In particular, when using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for oncology treatment, besides the common immune-related adverse events like pruritus, rash, hepatitis, and hypothyroid, the respiratory disorders and musculoskeletal disorders, such as cough, dyspnea, arthralgia, and myalgia, should also be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals The Impact of Shadowing Technique on Tertiary EFL Learners’ Listening Skill Achievements

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Sumarsih Sumarsih
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Listening Skill ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This paper is aimed at describing the impact of Shadowing Technique on students’ listening skills achievement. Therefore, the experimental research was conducted and the techniques on collecting the data were administrating pre- and post- tests to the experiment and control groups, which consisted of 30 university students in each group. Then, t-test and ANCOVA were applied on analyzing the data, then to find the impact of shadowing technique on EFL learners’ listening skill achievements in English Department of Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED), Indonesia. As a result, there was a significant difference between the mean of experimental and control groups (F = 8.98, p=. 004 < .05). In addition, there was a significant effect of applying shadowing technique on students’ listening skill achievements (F=56.10, p=0.00<0.05) and the experimental group grammatically outperformed the control group. In conclusion, the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. 

scholarly journals Evaluating the Efficacy of Massage Intervention for the Treatment of Poststroke Constipation: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Shuang Wang ◽  
Ya Liu ◽  
Xiang-Ni Zou ◽  
Yan-Ling Ma ◽  
Gen-Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Stroke Event ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Massage Group

Background. It is essential to determine a safe and effective method for treating constipation after stroke. Massage has been widely used in recent years. However, meta-analysis data on the efficacy of massage for the treatment of constipation experienced after stroke are almost nonexistent. Objective. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of using massage therapy to treat constipation in patients who suffered a stroke event. Methods. This systematic review adhered to the reporting guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Electronic databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine, Wan Fang Data, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, and National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched for relevant studies on the efficacy of massage for the treatment of poststroke constipation. Rev-Man 5.3 software was used to analyze the study data. Results. A total of 11 randomized controlled trials with 1045 patients were included. A statistically significant difference in the total effective rates was found between the massage and control groups (OR = 4.96; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.81, 8.76; P<0.001). Compared with the control groups, the massage group had markedly reduced incidences of constipation (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.47; P<0.001) and of four symptoms of discomfort (P<0.001). The frequency of defecation on day two and day three in the massage group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion. Our results strongly suggest that massage can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of constipation after stroke. However, large, multicenter, long-term, and high-quality randomized controlled trials need to be conducted to establish a definitive conclusion.

scholarly journals Convalescent plasma for patients with severe COVID-19: a matched cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Rogers ◽  
Fadi Shehadeh ◽  
Evangelia K Mylona ◽  
Josiah Rich ◽  
Marguerite Neill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The efficacy of convalescent plasma (CP) for the treatment of COVID-19 remains unclear. Methods In a matched cohort analysis of hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19, the impact of CP treatment on in-hospital mortality was evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models, and the impact of CP treatment on time to hospital discharge was assessed using a stratified log-rank analysis. Results 64 patients who received CP a median of 7 days after symptom onset were compared to a matched control group of 177 patients. The incidence of in-hospital mortality was 12.5% and 15.8% in the CP and control groups, respectively (p = 0.52). There was no significant difference in the risk of in-hospital mortality between the two groups (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39 – 2.20). The overall rate of hospital discharge was not significantly different between the two groups (rate ratio [RR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.91 – 1.81), although there was a significantly increased rate of hospital discharge among patients 65-years-old or greater who received CP (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.03 – 3.36). There was a greater than expected frequency of transfusion reactions in the CP group (2.8% reaction rate observed per unit transfused). Conclusions We did not demonstrate a significant difference in risk of mortality or rate of hospital discharge between the CP and control groups. There was a signal for improved outcomes among the elderly, and further adequately powered randomized studies should target this subgroup when assessing the efficacy of CP treatment.

scholarly journals Infant And Children Feeding Models Assistance Models Using Pocket Book Media On Increasing Knowledge And Weight Increase To Slender Toddlers In The Village Of Merapi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Suaebah ◽  
Kammisari Dewi ◽  
Ayu Rafiony
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Thin nutrition is an acute nutritional problem, as a result of events that occur in a short time such as lack of food intake. The high prevalence of thin underweight nutrition in infants is influenced by three main factors namely poor quality of quantity pangan food consumption as a result of low family food security, poor patterns of foster care and low access to health facilities. The impact of underweight nutrition in infants can reduce intelligence, productivity, creativity, and very influential on the quality of HR. This type of research is a Quasi-Experiment with the design used is pretest-posttest design with control group design. The number of samples for each group of 28 people was taken by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used parametric statistical tests and non-parametric tests. The results of the analysis of differences in knowledge before and after nutrition education in the two treatment groups there was no significant difference (p = 0.271). For weight gain in children under five given intervention that is the average weight of the pre-test 9.91kg and the average weight of the post-test was 10.13kg with the results of statistical tests showed that there was a significant weight gain (p = 0, 00). The conclusion of this study is that there is no difference between the treatment and control groups for the knowledge of mothers under five and there are differences in the treatment and control groups for toddler weight gain. Parents of toddlers are expected to have more access to information about health through various mass media such as newspapers, magazines, radio and television. In addition, it is also important to get a lot of information by participating in empowering organizations

scholarly journals Efficacy and Acceptability of Orthokeratology for Slowing Myopic Progression in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daizong Wen ◽  
Jinhai Huang ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Fangjun Bao ◽  
Giacomo Savini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Myopic Progression

Background. To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of orthokeratology for slowing myopic progression in children with a well conducted evidence-based analysis.Design. Meta-analysis.Participants. Children from previously reported comparative studies were treated by orthokeratology versus control.Methods. A systematic literature retrieval was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The included studies were subjected to meta-analysis using Stata version 10.1.Main Outcome Measures. Axial length change (efficacy) and dropout rates (acceptability) during 2-year follow-up.Results. Eight studies involving 769 subjects were included. At 2-year follow-up, a statistically significant difference was observed in axial length change between the orthokeratology and control groups, with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of −0.25 mm (95% CI, −0.30 to −0.21). The pooled myopic control rate declined with time, with 55, 51, 51, and 41% obtained after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of treatment, respectively. No statistically significant difference was obtained for dropout rates between the orthokeratology and control groups at 2-year follow-up (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.22).Conclusions. Orthokeratology is effective and acceptable for slowing myopic progression in children with careful education and monitoring.

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