Pharyngo-laryngeal histoplasmosis in an immunocompromised child—a case report

Abstract Background Histoplasmosis is an endemic granulomatous fungal infection which rarely infects the larynx; less than 100 cases have been reported in medical literature till date. Case presentation A 6-year-old female child, a diagnosed case of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia since past 2 years and on chemotherapy, presented with hoarseness and dysphagia since past 2 months. Direct laryngoscopy revealed granular appearance of posterior pharyngeal wall and the supra-glottic larynx. Histopathological examination and bone marrow aspiration confirmed the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis. Conclusions Pharyngo-laryngeal histoplasmosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an immunocompromised patient presenting with persistent hoarseness.

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Airway obstruction due to inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the posterior pharyngeal wall

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215110003002 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 125 (6) ◽

pp. 655-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H J Theunisse ◽

F J A van den Hoogen

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Radical Surgery ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Posterior Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour ◽

Unique Case ◽

Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Biological Potential ◽

Spherical Mass

AbstractObjective:We report a unique case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the posterior wall of the hypopharynx.Method:We present the patient's case history, management and histopathological findings. A literature review of all cases localised to the larynx or pharynx is provided and discussed.Results:A 67-year-old man presented with airway obstruction due to a spherical mass in the hypopharynx originating from the posterior pharyngeal wall. The tumour was resected. Histopathological examination revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. We found only five previously reported cases with pharyngeal localisation. Further treatment of the patient is described.Conclusion:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the pharynx is extremely rare. It is regarded as a neoplastic tumour of intermediate biological potential. In cases with extrapulmonary localisation, the incidence of local recurrence can be as high as 25 per cent. Radical surgery is the treatment of choice; no adjuvant therapy is necessary.

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Schwannoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall- case report

Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0014.6218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Patrycja Torchalla ◽

Małgorzata Czesak ◽

Ewa Osuch- Wójcikiewicz ◽

Kazimierz Niemczyk

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

General Anesthesia ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tumor Resection ◽

Posterior Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Old Men

Authors present a case report of 46 years old men with tumor of the posterior pharyngeal wall. Based on the clinical examination and MRI, the patient was qualified for surgical treatment. The patient underwent tumor resection under general anesthesia. Due to the histopathological examination of the obtained material, the diagnosis of ancient schwannoma was made.

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Clear cell sarcoma of the soft parts arising in the rectus abdominis in a child – aspiration cytology of a rare case

CytoJournal ◽

10.1186/1742-6413-4-15 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paari Murugan ◽

Debdatta Basu ◽

Surendra Kumar ◽

Sadasivan Jagadish

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Clear Cell Sarcoma ◽

Female Child ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Cell Sarcoma ◽

High Cellularity

Background Clear cell sarcoma of soft parts is most commonly found associated with the tendons and aponeuroses of distal extremities in young adults with a peak incidence in the third decade. Location in the abdominal wall and in a child is very rare. Case presentation A nine-year-old female child presented with a swelling in the anterior abdominal wall in the suprapubic region. Fine needle aspiration revealed predominantly discrete cells with loose clustering at places. The cytoplasm was abundant, finely granular, and eosinophilic with some cells exhibiting clear vacuolated zones. No pigment was seen. The nuclei were rounded and eccentrically placed with a striking single eosinophilic macro nucleolus present in all the cells. Taking into consideration, the history, age of the patient, location of the tumor and absence of melanin pigment, a diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma was made, the differential including Clear cell sarcoma. This was subsequently confirmed on histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry Conclusion The atypical presentation of the case made the cytological diagnosis rather challenging. Clear cell sarcoma should be considered when cytology of a soft-tissue tumor shows uncharacteristically high cellularity and relatively uniform cells with macronucleoli.

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Retinal arterial macroaneurysm in leukemia

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672121993781 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212199378

Author(s):

Sinan Bekmez ◽

Dilem Eris

Keyword(s):

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽

The Body ◽

Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Vascular Dilatation ◽

Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Abdominal Examination ◽

Retinal Artery

Introduction: Retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM) is an acquired vascular dilatation usually seen at the site of arterial bifurcation or arterial-vein crossing. It’s often seen in the first three branches of the central retinal artery. Case description: A 15-year-old male patient was admitted to the outpatient clinic with complaints of weakness, headache, and bruising on the body for a few weeks. During the physical examination, a hepatomegaly and a common patchy ecchymosis in the body were detected at the abdominal examination. Hemoglobin was 6.6 g/dl, white blood cells were 40,000/mm3, platelet was 24,000/mm3 at the whole blood count done. The 70% blast was detected in peripheral spread. Bone marrow aspiration evaluation was consistent with pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. There was two macroaneurysms in the inferior arcuate of the left eye. The patient was examined on a weekly basis. During control examinations, retinal macroaneurysms in left eye and the hemorrhages significantly regressed. Conclusion and importance: The fact that RAM is not often seen in the pediatric age group, indicates the importance of this phenomenon. It should be remembered that a complete ophthalmic examination should be performed on leukemia patients.

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Voriconazole Induced Hallucinations and Visual Disturbances in a Female Child: A Case Report and Literature Review

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.655327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Rujiang Zheng ◽

Yu Li ◽

Chuyi Guo ◽

Yuxin Pei ◽

Zhiyong Ke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dosage Form ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Female Child ◽

Visual Disturbance ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Potential Toxicity ◽

Old Patients ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Visual Disturbances

Voriconazole is a second-generation azole widely used for the prevention and treatment of fungal infection in leukemia patients. We report a case of 9-year-old girl with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed hallucinations and visual disturbance after using voriconazole twice. These symptoms began acutely after treatment with voriconazole and resolved rapidly when the voriconazole was stopped. No specific cause was identified, and thus the symptoms were considered to be the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of voriconazole. Simultaneous development of hallucinations and visual disturbance caused by voriconazole in children rarely have been reported before and the causes of these ADRs are unknown. Several other cases of hallucinations and (or) visual disturbance caused by voriconazole among 15–81 years old patients have been reported in the literature, and are reviewed. Those patients reminded us of the importance of being aware of hallucinations and visual disturbance associated with voriconazole treatment. In addition, we speculate that the hallucinations and visual disturbance are not related to the dosage form of voriconazole. We emphasize that it is also important to monitor the concentration of voriconazole regularly to avoid potential toxicity.

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Primary Tuberculosis of Tonsils: A Case Report

Case Reports in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/120382 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Pooja Prasad ◽

Minakshi Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Posterior Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Epithelioid Cell ◽

Acid Fast Bacillus ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Primary Tuberculosis ◽

Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Tract Infections

Tuberculosis is one of the major causes of ill health and death worldwide. Isolated tuberculosis of tonsil in the absence of active pulmonary tuberculosis is a very rare clinical entity. A 10-year-male child presented with recurrent episodes of upper respiratory tract infections, with 2-3 occurrences per month for the past 6 years. On general physical examination, bilateral tonsils showed grade III enlargement and congestion. Posterior pharyngeal wall was clear. Examination of the chest was within normal limits. Histopathological examination of bilateral tonsils revealed caseating and noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas with Langhans giant cells. Ziehl-Neelsen stain for acid fast bacillus was positive. Features were consistent with a diagnosis of tuberculosis of tonsils. Tuberculosis of the oral cavity is uncommon and lesions may be either primary or secondary. Early detection and intervention is essential for cure. Isolated and primary tuberculosis of the tonsils in the absence of pulmonary tuberculosis is a rare entity, which prompted us to report this case.

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Giant Intraparenchymal Meningioma in a Female Child: Case Report and Literature Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-111294/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Huachao Guo ◽

Zhen Ma ◽

Shuo Wen ◽

Yong Wang ◽

Jiaguang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Female Child ◽

Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Generalized Seizures ◽

Female Children ◽

Dural Attachment

Abstract Background: ntraparenchymal meningiomas without dural attachment are extremely rare, especially in female children. To our knowledge, fibrous intraparenchymal meningioma located in the temporal lobe has never been reported in female children. The significance in the differential diagnosis of lesions in the temporal lobe should be emphasized.Case presentation: A 12-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital, complaining of recurrent generalized seizures for 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a solid lesion located in the temporal lobe. The lesion underwent gross total resection. Histopathological examination indicated that the lesion was a fibrous meningioma. Postoperative rehabilitation was uneventful. Conclusions: This case report presents an extremely unusual intraparenchymal fibrous meningioma of the temporal lobe with peritumoral edema and reviewed 20 intraparenchymal meningioma cases in children and to discuss the clinical presentation and treatment, differential diagnosis, and radiological features.

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Mature B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with MLL-AF9 Transcripts: Three Case Reports and Literature Reviews

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44358/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuxia Guo ◽

Min Zhou ◽

Pinli Zou ◽

Xin Liao ◽

Jianwen XIAO

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Case Reports ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Age At Diagnosis ◽

Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Free Survival ◽

Younger Age ◽

Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Cd19 Expression

Abstract Background: Mature B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BAL) is characterized by ALL-L3 morphology and the presence of surface immunoglobulin (sIgM) light chain restriction. t(8;14)(q24;q32) or its variants related to the MYC rearrangement (MYCr) are usually present in BAL, and BAL is considered the leukaemic phase of Burkitt lymphoma (BL). BAL with MLL rearrangement (MLLr) is rare.Case presentation: Three children with BAL and MLLr are presented. We also reviewed the context of 24 previously reported cases, and the features, treatment and prognosis were analysed. Three BAL patients with MLLr were reported, accounting for 1.37% of the B-ALL population; 24 patients were found in the literature. Thirteen males and 14 females were included, and the average age at diagnosis was 19.5 ± 4.95 m. Renal, CNS and skin involvement were present in 6, 4 and 3 patients, respectively. Twenty-six (96.30%) patients showed non-ALL-L3 morphology; negative or suspicious expression of CD20 was found in 64% of patients. MLLr was reported, but MYCr was not observed. Twenty-five (92.59%) patients achieved complete remission. Prospective event-free survival (pEFS) in patients who received allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was higher than that in patients who received chemotherapy (83.33% vs 41.91%).Conclusion: BAL patients with MLLr had unique manifestations, including a younger age at diagnosis and overexpression of CD19; expression of CD20 was rare, and MYCr was undetectable. The patients were sensitive to chemotherapy, but the pEFS was higher in patients undergoing allo-HSCT than in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

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Schwannoma of the Posterior Pharyngeal Wall in a Child

10.21203/rs.3.rs-402390/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

peng zhu ◽

xiao yan li

Keyword(s):

Radio Frequency ◽

Rare Case ◽

Posterior Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Case Presentation ◽

First Case ◽

Severe Difficulty ◽

First Time

Abstract Background: To our knowledge, There are only 7 cases of posterior pharyngeal wall schwannoma which have been previously reported in the literature, but none of them was associated with a 3-year-old child.Case presentation: We presented a rare case of a schwannoma which is localized on the posterior pharyngeal wall, It caused severe difficulty in swallowing and breathing in a child whose age is three years old. Schwannomas of the posterior pharyngeal wall has been rarely reported in children, The tumor was removed with plasma radio frequency excision via a transoral route, There was not seen any recurrence of tumor by examination of CT or MRI up to two years. as far as we know, It's the first time which a case of posterior pharyngeal wall schwannoma that has been reported to occur in a 3-year-old child, and the first case in which the schwannoma was removed via transoral plasma radio frequency excision.Conclusions: This case illustrates that schwannoma may be found in children ,and it is safe to treat this disease through plasma radio frequency excision via a transoral route.

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Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with e1a3 BCR-ABL1 transcript in a Nigerian with sickle cell anemia: a case report

Journal of Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s13256-021-03060-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ibrahim O. Ahmed ◽

Lauretta O. Ochogwu ◽

Temilola O. Owojuyigbe ◽

Norah O. Akinola ◽

Muheez A. Durosinmi

Keyword(s):

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Philadelphia Chromosome ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

The Common

Abstract Background The occurrence of acute leukemia in patients with sickle cell anemia is uncommon. The Philadelphia chromosome is the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia. However, it may also be associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloblastic leukemia. The common BCR-ABL1 transcripts seen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia are e1a2, e13a2, and e14a2, while other transcripts such as e1a3, e13a3, and e6a2 occur rarely. This report describes the presentation, management, and outcome of the occurrence of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the rare e1a3 BCR-ABL1 transcript in a patient with sickle cell anemia. Case presentation A 19-year-old male Nigerian, a known sickle cell anemia patient was admitted on account of severe vaso-occlusive crisis. Examination revealed fever, palor, and jaundice. Full blood count showed anemia and leukocytosis. Peripheral blood and bone marrow smears revealed numerous large and small lymphoblasts in keeping with the L2 subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on the French–American–British classification. Further evaluation was in keeping with a diagnosis of BCR-ABL1-positive mature B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with the rare e1a3 transcript. He was commenced simultaneously on induction chemotherapy and Imatinib while being prepared for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. However, he died six months after diagnosis from meningoencephalitis. Conclusion The occurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a rare BCR-ABL1 e1a3 transcript in association with sickle cell anemia is uncommon and associated with poor prognosis.

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