Life Events and Psychiatric Illness

1968 ◽  
Vol 114 (509) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Morrison ◽  
Richard W. Hudgens ◽  
Ramnik G. Barchha
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Parental Death ◽  
Childhood Bereavement ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Many investigators have studied the relationship between life events and psychiatric illness to discover whether certain events predispose to some disorders or precipitate them, and to discover the effect of illnesses already in progress on subsequent life events and the effect of events on established illnesses. The validity of such studies depends, among other things, on the selection of suitable controls. For example, if adult patients with depression differ from a group of controls in that they had a higher incidence of parental death, it might indicate that bereavement had made them more susceptible to the development of the illness. But if the depressed patients were from a lower social class than their controls, the greater incidence of bereavement might be explained by the fact that there is a higher death rate in that stratum of society. This would then cast doubt on a conclusion about a causal relationship in that group between childhood bereavement and depression in adult life.

Life Events and Psychiatric Disorder: the Role of a Natural Disaster

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander C. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Fire Fighters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Examining the impact of natural disasters on psychological health provides an opportunity to study the role played by extreme adversity in the onset of psychiatric disorder. Four hundred and sixty-nine fire-fighters who had been intensely exposed to an Australian bushfire disaster completed a detailed inventory of their experiences four months later. They also completed a brief life events schedule and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Only 9% of the GHQ score variance could be accounted for by the disaster and other life events; the effects of the disaster appeared to be separate and additive. This is similar to the relationship between life events and psychiatric illness found in other settings. It is suggested that vulnerability is a more important factor in breakdown than the degree of stress experienced.

Promoting the Adjustment of Parentally Bereaved Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Howarth
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Parental Death ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Childhood Bereavement ◽  
Parentally Bereaved ◽  
Bereaved Children ◽  
Death Of A Parent ◽  
Detrimental Impact

The death of a parent is one of the most stressful life events to encounter during childhood. Given its detrimental impact on psychological development, a better understanding of outcomes associated with childhood bereavement and factors that affect these outcomes is necessary. The adjustment of bereaved children is linked to such factors as age of the child, sex of child and parent, circumstances of parent death, and the adjustment of the surviving caregiver. In this article I highlight considerations that may increase children's positive adjustment to parental death and also discuss specific treatment recommendations.

Work and Love: Their Relationship in Adulthood

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharan B. Merriam ◽  
M. Carolyn Clark
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Relational Patterns ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Recent Attention

The ability to work and to love, according to Freud, is what defines a healthy adult. Work and love have been studied extensively, but usually separately, although recent attention has been given to how to balance the two. There has been little research, however, that focuses on the relationship of one domain to the other. The purpose of this study was to uncover the ways in which work and love relate in adult life. Qualitative data were collected from 405 adults who charted their assessment, by year, of their work and loverelated life events. These data were augmented with data from 19 in-depth interviews. Three distinct relational patterns (parallel, steady/fluctuating, and divergent) of work and love were uncovered.

Parental Deprivation in Depressive Patients

1966 ◽  
Vol 112 (486) ◽  
pp. 443-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Munro
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Childhood Bereavement ◽  
General Consensus ◽  
Depressive Patients

Since in most cultures it is normal practice for children to be reared by their parents, there is a general consensus of opinion that it is undesirable to be deprived of one's parents in childhood. This can scarcely be disputed, but to assert, as many authorities do, that a variety of severe psychological abnormalities may arise in the child as a result of such deprivation is to make an assumption of some magnitude. It requires an even greater assumption to postulate a causal connection between a long-past occurrence like childhood bereavement and a psychiatric illness which develops in adult life. It will be contended here that, with some exceptions, the evidence for such a connection is meagre. In particular, it will be shown that there is no apparent justification for regarding parental deprivation as an aetiological factor in depressive illness.

Sex differences in the neurotic reaction of the aged

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (S2) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
K. Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
The Relationship

SummarySex differences in psychiatric illness in earlier adult life are discussed. A random sample of elderly respondents were seen in their homes in order to examine neurotic reactions in the aged.The relationship between neurotic symptoms, physical health, social data and sex were ascertained for the population as a whole.Normal and late onset neurosis sub-groups were compared with regard to selected medical, psychiatric and social variables considered to have a bearing on neurotic reaction in the elderly. The variables discriminating best between ‘neurosis’ and normality were abnormal personality traits, physical ill-health and being female.In the absence of any marked physical disability, being female was among the highest discriminators between the normal and neurotic groups. In the physically ill group, neither sex was more significantly represented than the other. Social factors were examined to explain the continuing preponderance of females in the late-onset neurotic group, but it was felt that they did not fully explain the differences observed.

IMPROVEMENT OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT SELECTION METHODOLOGIES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
А. I. Grabovets ◽  
V. P. Kadushkina ◽  
S. А. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

With the growing aridity of the climate on the Don, it became necessary to improve the methodology for conducting the  breeding of spring durum wheat. The main method of obtaining the source material remains intraspecific step hybridization. Crossings were performed between genetically distant forms, differing in origin and required traits and properties. The use of chemical mutagenesis was a productive way to change the heredity of genotypes in terms of drought tolerance. When breeding for productivity, both in dry years of research and in favorable years, the most objective markers were identified — the size of the aerial mass, the mass of grain per plant, spike, and harvest index. The magnitude of the correlation coefficients between the yield per unit area and the elements of its structure is established. It was most closely associated with them in dry years, while in wet years it decreased. Power the correlation of the characteristics of the pair - the grain yield per square meter - the aboveground biomass averaged r = 0.73, and in dry years it was higher (0.91) than in favorable ones (0.61 - 0.70) , between the harvest and the harvest index - r = 0.81 (on average). In dry years, the correlation coefficient increased to 0.92. Research data confirms the greatest importance of the mass of grain from one ear and the plant in the formation of grain yield per unit area in both dry and wet years. In dry years, the correlation coefficient between yield and grain mass per plant was on average r = 0.80; in favorable years, r = 0.69. The relationship between yield and grain mass from the ear was greater — r = 0.84 and r = 0.82, respectively. Consequently, the breeding significance of the aboveground mass and the productivity of the ear, as a criterion for the selection of the crop, especially increases in the dry years. They were basic in the selection.

Sleep Reactivity and Psychological Health in Normal Sleepers: the moderating role of stress

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason G. Ellis ◽  
Sarah Allen ◽  
Michael Perlis ◽  
Michael Grandner ◽  
Maria Gardani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dysfunctional Cognitions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The aim of the present study was to determine whether normal sleepers with vulnerability to insomnia, via high sleep reactivity, demonstrate more sleep-related dysfunctional cognitions and behaviours and poorer psychological health compared to those who are not vulnerable. Further, the influence of stress on the relationship between sleep reactivity and psychological health was also examined. A cross-sectional survey of 737 young adult ‘normal’ sleepers from the general population was undertaken. Results indicated normal sleepers vulnerable to insomnia demonstrated more sleep-related dysfunctional cognitions and behaviours as well as poorer psychological health compared to those not vulnerable. Furthermore, the relationship between sleep reactivity and psychological health was moderated by perceived stress over the previous month and life events over the previous year. Therefore, identifying and supporting those who are vulnerable to insomnia may be a fruitful avenue for preventative public health campaign to mitigate both insomnia and poor psychological health.

Analisa Pemilihan Moda Transportasi Umum Rute Tanjung Karang – Bandara Radin Inten II Dengan Stated Preference dan Uji Crame’s V

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abi Berkah Nadi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Time Headway ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Radin Inten II Airport is a national flight in Lampung Province. In this study using the technical analysis stated preference which is the approach by conveying the choice statement in the form of hypotheses to be assessed by the respondent. By using these techniques the researcher can fully control the hypothesized factors. To determine utility function for model forecasting in fulfilling request of traveler is used regression analysis with SPSS program. The analysis results obtained that the passengers of the dominant airport in the selection of modes of cost attributes than on other attributes. From the result of regression analysis, the influence of independent variable to the highest dependent variable is when the five attributes are used together with the R square value of 8.8%. The relationship between cost, time, headway, time acces and service with the selection of modes, the provision that states whether or not there is a decision. The significance of α = 0.05 with chi-square. And the result of Crame's V test average of 0.298 is around the middle, then the relationship is moderate enough.

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