Mental Health and Urban Life: A Study of 850 Families

1974 ◽  
Vol 124 (580) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Sethi ◽  
S. C. Gupta ◽  
R. K. Mahendru ◽  
P. Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Urban Families ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Migrant Families ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Agra City

Whereas there are many reports from Western societies on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders few systematic studies are available for a culture such as the Indian. Certain efforts in this direction have been made recently, and a few reports have emerged. Dube (1970), in a psychiatric survey conducted in Agra City and its suburban areas found a period prevalence of 18 per 1,000. In a study of 184 families of a rural community in India, Elnaggar et al. (1971) observed a prevalence rate of 27 per 1,000. In a study of 300 urban families, Sethi et al. (1967) found a psychiatric morbidity rate of 72 per 1,000 whereas this rate was only 39 per 1,000 in a surveyed population of 500 rural families (Sethi et al., 1972a). We also observed (Sethi et al., 1972b) that psychiatric disorders were commoner in the migrant families. The present study was undertaken to estimate the extent of mental illness in an urban society in India and to find out the relevant variables associated with various psychiatric disorders.

The Burden of Schizophrenia on the Family

1992 ◽  
Vol 161 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Martyns-Yellowe
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Urban Families ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Difference

The burden of schizophrenia on rural and urban Nigerian families was studied using a standardised questionnaire. Rural families experienced more burden; however, the difference was significant only in respect of financial burden. Rural families of schizophrenics were shown to be more prone to minor psychiatric morbidity than urban families. Policies should be instigated to reduce such burden.

Psychiatric Morbidity of West Indian Immigrants in an Urban Group Practice

1965 ◽  
Vol 111 (470) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Kiev
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Group Practice ◽  
Urban Group ◽  
Indian Immigrants ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
West Indian Immigrants

Since 1948 a number of papers published in Great Britain have demonstrated the feasibility of studying the incidence and prevalence of both major and minor psychiatric disorders in general practice (3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18). Few, however, have focused on the health of West Indian immigrants in Great Britain, some 125,000 of whom have entered the country since that time (2, 12, 13, 20). This paper reports on the results of a six-month psychiatric morbidity survey of a group general practice in Brixton, the main purpose of which was to collect and compare data on the illness and consultation patterns of West Indian and English patients attending the same general practice.

scholarly journals Psychiatric morbidity among rural and slum female population: A comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhunu Shamsun Nahar ◽  
Monami Haque ◽  
Nafia Farzana Chowdhury ◽  
M. M. A. Shalauddin Qusar ◽  
Wasima Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Rural Sample ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Psychiatric disorders are more prevalent among women than men worldwide. The lifetime risk of depres­sion and dysthymia are twice as common in women as men. Rural women usually undergoes more stressful situations and also scores more on stress scale than that of urban and slum population. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The research objectives of this study are: 1) To find out the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among the study population. 2) To compare the disorders among the rural and slum female population. 3) To find out the influence of existing socio-demographic factors on psychiatric disorders. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This is a community-based study, which is also cross sectional and descriptive in nature. The sample for the main study constituted 366 randomly selected respondents. A two-staged screening procedure was carried in the study. First, the total population was studied by screening test-Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) to divide the sample into 'screen positive' and 'screen negative' subjects. In the second stage, full assessment of a mixture of all 'screen positive' and 25% 'screen negative' was carried out by structured clinical interview for diagnosis (SCID-NP). Later SCID filled by the respondents was assessed by consultant psychiatrists by using DSMIV in order to put exact clinical diagnosis. Stress was scored according to Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLE). The total duration of the study was from July 2010 to June 2011. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Higher prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was found among rural sample (22.8%) than slum (10.90%) population. Regarding pattern of psychiatric disorders among rural sample (22.8%) than slum (10.9%) population.</p><p>See the PDF for the rest of the abstract.</p>

Clinical and demographic characteristics of psychiatric patients seropositive for Borrelia burgdorferi

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hájek ◽  
J. Libiger ◽  
D. Janovská ◽  
P. Hájek ◽  
M. Alda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractPurpose.Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) infection can affect the central nervous system and possibly lead to psychiatric disorders. We compared clinical and demographic variables in Bb seropositive and seronegative psychiatric patients and healthy controls.Method.Nine hundred and twenty-six consecutive psychiatric patients were screened for antibodies to Bb and compared with 884 simultaneously recruited healthy subjects.Results.Contrary to healthy controls, seropositive psychiatric patients were significantly younger than seronegative ones. None of the studied psychiatric diagnostic categories exhibited stronger association with seropositivity. There were no differences between seropositive and seronegative psychiatric patients in hospitalization length, proportion of previously hospitalized patients and proportion of subjects with family history of psychiatric disorders.Conclusion.These findings elaborate on potential association between Bb infection and psychiatric morbidity, but fail to identify any specific clinical ‘signature’ of Bb infection.

A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Mental Health among Geriatric Population Living in Care Homes and Those Living with Family in Hadoti Region, Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 2472-2477
Author(s):  
Swapnil Agrawal ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND With recent advancement in health facility, both in urban and rural population, ratio of elderly people has increased and due to this apart from physical illness, mental health is also emerged as an important public health challenge. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders and substance use disorders were commonly found in elderly specially living alone and in care homes. The primary purpose of this study was to compare mental health of elderly people living in care homes with those living with family in Kota (Hadoti region, Rajasthan). METHODS This is a cross-sectional comparative study that was carried out in 50 elderly people living in care homes and 50 elderly people living with family. Both groups were screened for psychiatric disorders using general health questionnaire (GHQ – 12). Comparison was made under various headings between these groups including severity. Obtained data were analysed by using proportion, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, and Pearson correlation. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found in having psychiatric disorders on screening with GHQ - 12. Difference in these groups for prevalence and severity was not statistically significant for depression and anxiety although significant higher mean of total geriatric depression score (GDS) score in control (10.74 ± 2.56) than in cases (9.38 ± 2.36) and total Hamilton’s anxiety rating scale (HAM – A) score was seen in case group (24.53 ± 3.50) than in controls (23.15 ± 2.34). CONCLUSIONS In this study, it was found out that psychiatry morbidity was higher among elderly population living in old age home when compared to elders living with family in community. Possible reason for higher psychiatric morbidity in old age home group in our study appears to be because of lack of family support, pain of being separated from their children whom they cared and nurtured for their whole life. In psychiatric morbidity we found that depression was the most common disorder in elderly population in both groups. KEYWORDS Old Age Home, Mental Disorders, Depression, Anxiety

Mental health promotion: Guidance and strategies

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kalra ◽  
G. Christodoulou ◽  
R. Jenkins ◽  
V. Tsipas ◽  
N. Christodoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Promotion ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Population Mental Health

AbstractPublic mental health incorporates a number of strategies from mental well-being promotion to primary prevention and other forms of prevention. There is considerable evidence in the literature to suggest that early interventions and public education can work well for reducing psychiatric morbidity and resulting burden of disease. Educational strategies need to focus on individual, societal and environmental aspects. Targeted interventions at individuals will also need to focus on the whole population. A nested approach with the individual at the heart of it surrounded by family surrounded by society at large is the most suitable way to approach this. This Guidance should be read along with the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) Guidance on Prevention. Those at risk of developing psychiatric disorders also require adequate interventions as well as those who may have already developed illness. However, on the model of triage, mental health and well-being promotion need to be prioritized to ensure that, with the limited resources available, these activities do not get forgotten. One possibility is to have separate programmes for addressing concerns of a particular population group, another that is relevant for the broader general population. Mental health promotion as a concept is important and this will allow prevention of some psychiatric disorders and, by improving coping strategies, is likely to reduce the burden and stress induced by mental illness.

scholarly journals Psychiatric morbidity among sentenced prisoners: prevalence study in Iran

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Assadi ◽  
Maryam Noroozian ◽  
Mahdi Pakravannejad ◽  
Omid Yahyazadeh ◽  
Shahrokh Aghayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Current Axis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundInformation on psychiatric morbidity of prisoners has almost entirely been based on research in Western countries and it is uncertain whether these research findings are applicable to other settings.AimsThe primary objective was to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iranian prisoners.MethodThrough stratified random sampling, 351 prisoners were interviewed using the clinical version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IVAxis I Disorders and the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version.ResultsThe majority (88%) of prisoners met DSM – IV criteria for lifetime diagnosis of at least one Axis I disorder and 57% were diagnosed with current Axis I disorders. Opioid dependence (73%) had the highest prevalence among lifetime diagnoses, whereas major depressive disorder (29%) was the most common current diagnosis. Psychopathy was recorded in 23%. Prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders were significantly different among offence categories.ConclusionsThe results suggest that a substantial burden of psychiatric morbidity exists in the prison population of Iran, with treatment challenges that appear to be different from those observed in inmates in Western countries.

Income-related inequality in mental health in Britain: the concentration index approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSHNI MANGALORE ◽  
MARTIN KNAPP ◽  
RACHEL JENKINS
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Demographic Composition ◽  
Related Inequality ◽  
Income Related Inequality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk

Background. Reduction of health inequalities is a major policy goal in the UK. While there is general recognition of the disadvantaged position of people with mental health problems, the extent of inequality, particularly the association with socio-economic characteristics, has not been widely studied. We aimed to measure income-related inequality in the distribution of psychiatric disorders and to compare with inequality in other health domains.Method. The concentration index (CI) approach was used to examine income-related inequality in mental health using data from the Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2000 for Britain.Results. There is marked inequality unfavourable to lower income groups with respect to mental health disorders. The extent of inequality increases with the severity of problems, with the greatest inequality observed for psychosis. Income-related inequality for psychiatric disorders is higher than for general health in the UK. Standardized CIs suggest that these inequalities are not due to the demographic composition of the income quintiles.Conclusions. Income-related inequalities exist in mental health in Britain. As much of the observed inequality is probably due to factors associated with income and not due to the demographic composition of the income quintiles, it may be that these inequalities are potentially ‘avoidable’.

scholarly journals Quality of Life, Social Support, Coping Strategies, and Psychiatric Morbidity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Nebhinani ◽  
Surendra Kumar Mattoo ◽  
Ajay Wanchu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Psychological Morbidity ◽  
Physical Functions

Abstract Background and Objectives Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have greater psychological morbidity, despite that research in this area is scarce from developing countries. This study was aimed to assess the association of quality of life, social support, coping strategies, and psychological morbidity in patients with RA. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients with RA, who were not receiving steroids or disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, were recruited through purposive sampling. Social support questionnaire, coping strategy check list, and World Health Organization quality of life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) were administered to assess social support, coping, and quality of life, respectively. Results More than half of the patients had psychiatric disorders (60%), with depression being the commonest disorder (52.5%). Internalization coping and disease severity indicators like tender joints counts, swollen joints counts, pain, and disease activity were found as significant predictors for psychiatric disorders, while externalization coping, quality of life (all domains), and physical functions were found to protect against psychiatric morbidity. Conclusions Coping, quality of life, disease severity, and physical functions predicted the psychiatric disorders in RA. Multipronged interventions to enhance quality of life with promoting adaptive coping and timely treatment may further improve their mental health and overall disease course.

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