scholarly journals Psychiatric morbidity among rural and slum female population: A comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhunu Shamsun Nahar ◽  
Monami Haque ◽  
Nafia Farzana Chowdhury ◽  
M. M. A. Shalauddin Qusar ◽  
Wasima Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Rural Sample ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Psychiatric disorders are more prevalent among women than men worldwide. The lifetime risk of depres­sion and dysthymia are twice as common in women as men. Rural women usually undergoes more stressful situations and also scores more on stress scale than that of urban and slum population. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The research objectives of this study are: 1) To find out the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among the study population. 2) To compare the disorders among the rural and slum female population. 3) To find out the influence of existing socio-demographic factors on psychiatric disorders. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This is a community-based study, which is also cross sectional and descriptive in nature. The sample for the main study constituted 366 randomly selected respondents. A two-staged screening procedure was carried in the study. First, the total population was studied by screening test-Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) to divide the sample into 'screen positive' and 'screen negative' subjects. In the second stage, full assessment of a mixture of all 'screen positive' and 25% 'screen negative' was carried out by structured clinical interview for diagnosis (SCID-NP). Later SCID filled by the respondents was assessed by consultant psychiatrists by using DSMIV in order to put exact clinical diagnosis. Stress was scored according to Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLE). The total duration of the study was from July 2010 to June 2011. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Higher prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was found among rural sample (22.8%) than slum (10.90%) population. Regarding pattern of psychiatric disorders among rural sample (22.8%) than slum (10.9%) population.</p><p>See the PDF for the rest of the abstract.</p>

Psychiatric disorders among the elderly on non-psychiatric wards in an African setting

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noeline Nakasujja ◽  
Seggane Musisi ◽  
James Walugembe ◽  
Daphne Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Background: The elderly are vulnerable to illness and particularly to psychiatric illness. Many mentally ill elderly patients end up on non-psychiatric wards owing to somatization of their illnesses. Even for these patients, a psychiatric diagnosis may not be made. The literature on the elderly in Uganda is very scanty. This study aims to establish the prevalence and factors associated with psychiatric disorders among elderly patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards.Methods: We carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study of 127 consenting elderly patients. They were administered a standardized questionnaire comprising the Self Reporting Questionnaire 25, the Mini-mental State Examination and the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV. Study variables included socio-demographic characteristics, physical illnesses, psychiatric disorders and the treatment given.Results: The rate of psychiatric morbidity was 48%. The sex ratio was 1:1; however, women had a higher rate of psychiatric illness than men, 54.6% and 41.3% respectively. Being widowed or separated and having cancer were associated with SRQ > 5, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively. Depressive disorders were the most common at 25.2% and were more common in women. Increasing age was associated with dementia (p < 0.00).Conclusion: There is a high rate of psychiatric morbidity among the elderly in Uganda. Particular attention should be given to the psychological health of elderly people admitted to general hospitals.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Elderly In-Patients in Non-Psychiatric Wards of a Teaching Hospital in Northern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
M A Amedu ◽  
O Baiyewu ◽  
A J Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

The population of the elderly is increasing globally with enormous challenges particularly in developing countries. Aging increases the risk for both physical and psychiatric disorders with psychiatric disorders often unrecognized in non-psychiatric settings. This presents huge costs to both patient and society. The study aimed at estimating the rate of psychiatric morbidity in non-psychiatric wards of a tertiary hospital in Northern Nigeria. One hundred and forty (140) subjects were recruited into this cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants were initially screened using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) after administering the Socio-demographic questionnaire. Subjects scoring >5 in the SRQ and or ≤13 in the Modified MMSE were then further interviewed using the Geriatric Mental State Schedule (GMS). Clinical Psychiatric diagnosis was also made based on ICD-10 diagnostic criteria from all information available and later compared with GMS diagnoses. Mean age of participants was 67.5, SD ±6.4. The rate of psychiatric morbidity using ICD-10 diagnosis was 47.9% with depression being the commonest disorder (18.6%) followed by delirium (17.1%) and dementia (10.7%). Depression and anxiety disorders were particularly under-recognized by non-psychiatric doctors. Identified risk factors for psychiatric morbidity included female gender, low socioeconomic status, low educational level and presence of multiple medical diagnoses. The rate of psychiatric morbidity among elderly in-patients in non-psychiatric settings has remained high in comparison to previous studies with huge gaps in recognition and treatment reflecting the need for more collaboration between medical teams.

scholarly journals Minor psychiatric disorders and their associations in family caregivers of people with mental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 3567-3578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto dos Santos Treichel ◽  
Vanda Maria da Rosa Jardim ◽  
Luciane Prado Kantorski ◽  
Aline dos Santos Neutzling ◽  
Michele Mandagará de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract This study aims to analyze the occurrence of minor psychiatric disorder and their associations in relatives of people with mental disorders. This is a cross-sectional study of 1164 relatives. For the tracking of minor psychiatric disorders the Self-Reporting Questionnaire Scale (SRQ20) was used, adopting 6/8 as cut-off point. Bivariate analyzes were conducted using Chi-squared test. Trends among strata of independent variables were investigated in relation to the outcome using nonparametric linear trend test. Statistic significance was defined as p-value < 0.05. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regressions were conducted using as a basis the hierarchical model developed through a systematic literature review. It was observed in the population a prevalence of 46.9% for minor psychiatric disorders. Higher prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders were strongly associated with the female gender, older age, first degree family ties, not having a paid work, lower education level, lower income, health problems, lower quality of life and feeling of burden. Many factors are related to the emotional and mental illness of family caregivers, demanding health services to be prepared to recognize and intervene in these situations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders in hospital housekeeping workers*

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia da Silva Marconato ◽  
Ana Carolina de Souza Magnago ◽  
Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago ◽  
Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽  
Rafaela Andolhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract OBJECTIVE Investigating the prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders (MPDs) in Hospital housekeeping workers. METHOD A cross-sectional study carried out in 2013 with workers from the cleaning service of a public university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through a form containing sociodemographic, occupational, habits and health variables. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used in order to evaluate MPDs. RESULTS The study population consisted of 161 workers. The overall prevalence of suspected MPD was 29.3%. The chances of suspected MPDs were higher in workers with Effort-Reward Imbalance, those who did not have time or who occasionally had time for leisure activities, and those taking medications. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MPDs was similar to that found in the literature for health workers. Therefore, we consider it important to include these workers in institutional programs for continuing health education.

A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Mental Health among Geriatric Population Living in Care Homes and Those Living with Family in Hadoti Region, Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 2472-2477
Author(s):  
Swapnil Agrawal ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND With recent advancement in health facility, both in urban and rural population, ratio of elderly people has increased and due to this apart from physical illness, mental health is also emerged as an important public health challenge. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders and substance use disorders were commonly found in elderly specially living alone and in care homes. The primary purpose of this study was to compare mental health of elderly people living in care homes with those living with family in Kota (Hadoti region, Rajasthan). METHODS This is a cross-sectional comparative study that was carried out in 50 elderly people living in care homes and 50 elderly people living with family. Both groups were screened for psychiatric disorders using general health questionnaire (GHQ – 12). Comparison was made under various headings between these groups including severity. Obtained data were analysed by using proportion, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, and Pearson correlation. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found in having psychiatric disorders on screening with GHQ - 12. Difference in these groups for prevalence and severity was not statistically significant for depression and anxiety although significant higher mean of total geriatric depression score (GDS) score in control (10.74 ± 2.56) than in cases (9.38 ± 2.36) and total Hamilton’s anxiety rating scale (HAM – A) score was seen in case group (24.53 ± 3.50) than in controls (23.15 ± 2.34). CONCLUSIONS In this study, it was found out that psychiatry morbidity was higher among elderly population living in old age home when compared to elders living with family in community. Possible reason for higher psychiatric morbidity in old age home group in our study appears to be because of lack of family support, pain of being separated from their children whom they cared and nurtured for their whole life. In psychiatric morbidity we found that depression was the most common disorder in elderly population in both groups. KEYWORDS Old Age Home, Mental Disorders, Depression, Anxiety

DETERMINANTS OF INDUCED ABORTION: AN ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL, HOUSEHOLD AND CONTEXTUAL FACTORS IN RAJASTHAN, INDIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
BATYA ELUL
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

SummaryIn the developing world, little is known about the risk and precipitating factors for abortion, due to a dearth of community-based surveys. Most analyses of determinants of induced abortion consider only a small set of household and individual socio-demographic factors and treat abortion as an isolated outcome, which ignores its relationship with prior reproductive health behaviours and experiences. In this paper, data from a cross-sectional survey of abortion knowledge, attitudes and practices among 2571 currently married women of reproductive age in Rajasthan, India, were used to examine contextual-, household- and individual-level determinants of abortion. Bivariate probit models, which jointly determine the probability of pregnancy and the conditional probability of abortion, were used to reflect the probability of abortion as a result of interrelated and sequential events. Increased socioeconomic status and life-cycle factors were associated with both the probability of pregnancy and with the conditional likelihood of abortion. Women who reported personal networks were also more likely to terminate pregnancies, particularly if their network members purportedly had abortion experience. Community knowledge of sex-selective abortion also exerted a significant positive effect on the propensity to terminate a pregnancy. For rural women only, community beliefs regarding spousal consent requirements pre-abortion were also significantly associated with abortion.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic factors and suicidal behavior among the patients with psychiatric disorder attending outpatient department of a tertiary level hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Shahana Parveen ◽  
Avro Das Bhowmik ◽  
Mekhala Sarkar ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Akteruzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Suicidal Attempt ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The majority of suicides worldwide are related to psychiatric disorders. Overall, suicide rates vary concerning the age, gender, and socioeconomic status of the individual and the method of suicide. The objectives of the study were to find the socio-demographic factors and suicidal behavior associated with suicidal attempts in patients with psychiatric disorders. A cross-sectional, hospital-based, descriptive study was conducted among the patients attending the psychiatry outpatient departments (OPD) of the National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 98 consecutive cases were included those who were at and above18year, have a definite psychiatric disorder and history of suicidal attempt. The data were collected by face-to face interview using semi structured questionnaire. The study identified that most of the patients were in the age group 21-30 years (53.1%), mean age± SD was 27.02±8.42, more in female (66.2%), housewives (35.7%), 57.1% were from an urban background and 35.7% of them studied up to SSC. The vast majority (73.5%) came from a nuclear family. Suicidal behavior revealed that mean suicidal attempt was 2.63±2.84, Communication intent was 20.4%, Suicidal note was put by10.2%, at home (90.8%),59.2%, sample choose day time and common method were hanging (25.5%) and medicine (22.4%). Help nearby in 72.4%, precaution against rescue was 18.4%, intent to die was 65.3% and hospitalization needed for 34.7% cases. Suicides can be prevented by early identification, diagnosis and proper intervention of psychiatric disorder among risk groups. Restricting access to means of suicide, by training caregivers, provide adequate follow-up care may reduce impulsive suicidal attempts. Bang J Psychiatry June 2018; 32(1): 14-18

scholarly journals Relationship between sexual orientation and psychotic experiences in the general population in England

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Jacob ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Daragh McDermott ◽  
Josep Maria Haro ◽  
Andrew Stickley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Non-heterosexual individuals are at high risk for a variety of factors associated with the emergence of psychotic experiences (PEs) (e.g. common mental disorders, substance use, and stress). However, there is a scarcity of data on the association between sexual orientation and PEs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the sexual orientation-PE relationship, and to identify potential mediators in this relationship. Methods This study used nationally representative cross-sectional data from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Sexual orientation was dichotomized into heterosexual and non-heterosexual. Past 12-month PE was assessed with the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire. Regression and mediation analyses were conducted to analyze the association between sexual orientation and PEs, and to identify potential mediators involved in this relationship. Results The final sample consisted of 7275 individuals aged ⩾16 years. The prevalence of non-heterosexual orientation and any PE was 7.1% and 5.5%, respectively. After adjusting for sex, age, and ethnicity, non-heterosexual orientation was positively associated with any PE (odds ratio 1.99, 95% confidence interval 1.34–2.93). The strongest mediators involved in this relationship were borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits (mediated percentage = 33.5%), loneliness (29.1%), and stressful life events (25.4%). Conclusions These findings suggest that there is a positive relationship between sexual orientation and PEs in the general population in England, and that underlying mechanisms may involve BPD traits, loneliness, and stressful life events. Future studies with a longitudinal design are warranted to shed more light on how these factors are implicated in the association between sexual orientation and PEs.

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