Repetition of Self-Poisoning and Subsequent Death in Adolescents who take Overdoses

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Goldacre ◽  
Keith Hawton
Keyword(s):  
Record Linkage ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Activity Analysis ◽  
National Average ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Suicide Rates

SummaryHospital Activity Analysis data and record linkage were used to investigate repetition of self-poisoning, and deaths, among 2,492 people, aged 12 to 20 years, who took overdoses between 1974 and 1978. Repetition occurred most frequently during the first few months after an initial admission; 9.5% of patients repeated within the study period (mean follow-up of 2.8 years). Ten of the 2,492 subjects died during the study period, and the average annual death rate in the cohort was approximately four times higher than the national average annual death rate in this age-group as a whole. Six of the deaths were probably suicides. Repetition and suicide rates were highest among males aged 16 to 20 years.

scholarly journals The changing incidence of human hydatid disease in England and Wales

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Palmer ◽  
Anne H. B. Biffin
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Activity Analysis ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Age Group ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Marginal Increase ◽  
Average Annual Incidence ◽  
The Uk

SUMMARYThe incidence of hospital-diagnosed human hydatid disease acquired in the UK was estimated from a survey based on Hospital Activity Analysis data for the period 1974–83. The average annual incidence in Wales was 0·4 per 100000 population compared with 0·02 per 100000 in England. Within Wales, Powys, and particularly Brecknock, had the highest incidence (7 per 100000 per year). Compared with the period 1953–62, the average annual incidence for Wales fell by half (from 0·8 to 0·4 per 100000 per year), but in Powys the incidence did not decline, and in Brecknock and Montgomery there was a marginal increase. In comparison with 1953–62, the age-specific incidence in Wales and Powys decreased in each age group with the notable exception of children < 15 years of age. This finding emphasizes that transmission of Echinococcus granulosus to humans is still occurring at hyper-endemic levels in parts of England and Wales and that control efforts should be intensified.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics of Pandemic Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. e195-202
Author(s):  
Bader Al-Rawahi ◽  
Prakash K P ◽  
Adil Al-Wahaibi ◽  
Amina Al-Jardani ◽  
Khalid Al-Harthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
National Average ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Positive Ratio ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
First Time

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to describe COVID-19’s epidemiological characteristics in Oman during the initial stages of the outbreak and compare findings with other countries’ reports. Methods: Data were drawn from a descriptive, records-based review of reported cases of COVID-19 collected through the national COVID-19 Surveillance System from February to April 2020. Results: A total of 2,443 confirmed cases were reported during the study period. The overall first-time testing rate for this period was 851.7 per 100,000, the positivity rate was 53.1 (confidence intervals [CI]: 51.0–55.2) and the death rate was 0.32 (CI: 0.20–0.54) per 100,000 population, respectively. The overall national positive ratio was 5.7% and ranged from 2.2–7.1% across various governorates. Muscat Governorate had the highest positive ratio (12.5%). People in the 51–60 year old age group (RR = 1.97), males (RR = 1.24), non-Omanis (RR = 2.33) and those living in Muscat (RR = 2.14) emerged as categories with significant demographic risk for COVID-19 cases when compared to the national average. The mean age was 35.6 ± 13.4. Asymptomatic cases accounted for nearly 16%. Conclusion: The overall rate of COVID-19 cases and deaths were low in Oman compared to the rest of the world during the study period. Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; Epidemiology; Pandemic; Oman.

scholarly journals An experience of facility based management at one of the malnutrition treatment centre in district Baran of Rajasthan, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2162
Author(s):  
Shakila Mulla ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Treatment Centre

Background: To assess performance of one of the Malnutrition Treatment Centre (MTC) in district Baran of Rajasthan. India. Methods: An observational prospective study was conducted at MTC where 132 Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) children were recruited. Their socio-demographic details and anthropometric measurements were recorded. These SAM children were followed till the period of 4 follow-up visits to measure their weight. MTC performance indicators were assessed. Results: Majority of SAM children belong to age group less than 2 years, gender female, caste OBC (Other Backward Class), SC (Scheduled Caste) and ST (Scheduled Tribe). ASHAs (Accredited Social Health Activists) are playing key role in referring them to MTC. Death rate was 0%, cure (recovery) rate 42.4%, defaulter rate 25.8%, mean length of stay (days) at MTC was 8.04 and mean weight gain was 5.926 g/kg/day. Performance indicators are significantly affected by length of stay at MTC. Follow-up rate was poor with no significant weight gain observed after discharge. Conclusions: MTCs are effective in saving lives of SAM children but not in maintaining long term control on malnutrition. 

scholarly journals Pharmacovigilance of corticosteroids in dermatological diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Narotham Reddy ◽  
S. Parveen ◽  
Allahuddin Syed
Keyword(s):  
Study Author ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Common Drug ◽  
Male Patients

Background: The aim of the study was to conduct the monitoring, detection, assessment and prevention of corticosteroid induced adverse drug reactions in dermatological diseases.Methods: Patient demographic details, past medical, medication history, lab investigations, allergic history were collected patient were followed and data collected every 1 month from the day of patient recruitment. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd follow ups were done, analysis of ADRs was done by using scales at each follow-up. In statistical analysis, data was articulated in percentage. A prospective, interventional study were designed.Results: In present study, author have recruited 40 subjects of which authors categorized ADRs based on different systems. In that 14 (56%) ADRs were identified in cardiovascular system and it was the majorly affected organ system followed by endocrine system 4 (16%). In 40 patients, 25 patients developed ADRs. In these male patients was 14 (56%) and female patients was 11 (44%). In 25, the majorly developed ADR was hypertension 13 (52%) followed by DM 4 (16%). In all ADRs majorly developed due to use of Prednisolone 17 (42%). The developed ADRs majorly in the age group of 41-50 (48%) years followed by 31-40 (16%) and 51-60 (16%).Conclusions: The study found that incidence of ADRs in males was higher than that of the females. Prednisolone was the most common drug associated with the ADRs. Majority of reported ADRs were managed by giving suitable interventions and most of the patients recovered after management.

Periprocedural risk and long-term outcome of intracranial angioplasty based on a single-centre experience

VASA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-274
Author(s):  
Dagmar Krajíčková ◽  
Antonín Krajina ◽  
Miroslav Lojík ◽  
Martina Mulačová ◽  
Martin Vališ
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis ◽  
Atherosclerotic Stenosis ◽  
Angioplasty And Stenting ◽  
Aggressive Medical Management ◽  
Stroke Death

Background: Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is a major cause of stroke and yet there are currently no proven effective treatments for it. The SAMMPRIS trial, comparing aggressive medical management alone with aggressive medical management combined with intracranial angioplasty and stenting, was prematurely halted when an unexpectedly high rate of periprocedural events was found in the endovascular arm. The goal of our study is to report the immediate and long-term outcomes of patients with ≥ 70 % symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis treated with balloon angioplasty and stent placement in a single centre. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of 37 consecutive patients with 42 procedures of ballon angioplasty and stenting for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (≥ 70 % stenosis) treated between 1999 and 2012. Technical success (residual stenosis ≤ 50 %), periprocedural success (no vascular complications within 72 hours), and long-term outcomes are reported. Results: Technical and periprocedural success was achieved in 90.5 % of patients. The within 72 hours periprocedural stroke/death rate was 7.1 % (4.8 % intracranial haemorrhage), and the 30-day stroke/death rate was 9.5 %. Thirty patients (81 %) had clinical follow-up at ≥ 6 months. During follow-up, 5 patients developed 6 ischemic events; 5 of them (17 %) were ipsilateral. The restenosis rate was 27 %, and the retreatment rate was 12 %. Conclusions: Our outcomes of the balloon angioplasty/stent placement for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis are better than those in the SAMMPRIS study and compare favourably with those in large registries and observational studies.

Prevalence of Suicidal Ideation in Sri Lanka

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudath Samaraweera ◽  
Athula Sumathipala ◽  
Sisira Siribaddana ◽  
S. Sivayogan ◽  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
General Population ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
National Average ◽  
The West ◽  
Suicide Methods ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The World

Background: Suicidal ideation can often lead to suicide attempts and completed suicide. Studies have shown that Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of suicide in the world but so far no studies have looked at prevalence of suicidal ideation in a general population in Sri Lanka. Aims: We wanted to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation by randomly selecting six Divisional Secretariats (Dss) out of 17 in one district. This district is known to have higher than national average rates of suicide. Methods: 808 participants were interviewed using Sinhala versions of GHQ-30 and Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Of these, 387 (48%) were males, and 421 (52%) were female. Results: On Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation, 29 individuals (4%) had active suicidal ideation and 23 (3%) had passive suicidal ideation. The active suicidal ideators were young, physically ill and had higher levels of helplessness and hopelessness. Conclusions: The prevalence of suicidal ideation in Sri Lanka is lower than reported from the West and yet suicide rates are higher. Further work must explore cultural and religious factors.

Re-Increased Male Suicide Rates in the Recovery Phase Following the Great East Japan Earthquake

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Orui
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Background: Monitoring of suicide rates in the recovery phase following a devastating disaster has been limited. Aim: We report on a 7-year follow-up of the suicide rates in the area affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred in March 2011. Method: This descriptive study covered the period from March 2009 to February 2018. Period analysis was used to divide the 108-month study period into nine segments, in which suicide rates were compared with national averages using Poisson distribution. Results: Male suicide rates in the affected area from March 2013 to February 2014 increased to a level higher than the national average. After subsequently dropping, the male rates from March 2016 to February 2018 re-increased and showed a greater difference compared with the national averages. The difference became significant in the period from March 2017 to February 2018 ( p = .047). Limitations: Specific reasons for increasing the rates in the recovery phase were not determined. Conclusion: The termination of the provision of free temporary housing might be influential in this context. Provision of temporary housing was terminated from 2016, which increased economic hardship among needy evacuees. Furthermore, disruption of the social connectedness in the temporary housing may have had an influence. Our findings suggest the necessity of suicide rate monitoring even in the recovery phase.

scholarly journals Are telephone consultations here to stay in rheumatology?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina R Raizada ◽  
Natasha Cleaton ◽  
James Bateman ◽  
Diarmuid M Mulherin ◽  
Nick Barkham
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Telephone Consultation ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Objectives During the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face rheumatology follow-up appointments were mostly replaced with telephone or virtual consultations in order to protect vulnerable patients. We aimed to investigate the perspectives of rheumatology patients on the use of telephone consultations compared with the traditional face-to-face consultation. Methods We carried out a retrospective survey of all rheumatology follow-up patients at the Royal Wolverhampton Trust who had received a telephone consultation from a rheumatology consultant during a 4-week period via an online survey tool. Results Surveys were distributed to 1213 patients, of whom 336 (27.7%) responded, and 306 (91.1%) patients completed all components of the survey. Overall, an equal number of patients would prefer telephone clinics or face-to-face consultations for their next routine appointment. When divided by age group, the majority who preferred the telephone clinics were &lt;50 years old [χ2 (d.f. = 3) = 10.075, P = 0.018]. Prevalence of a smartphone was higher among younger patients (&lt;50 years old: 46 of 47, 97.9%) than among older patients (≥50 years old: 209 of 259, 80.7%) [χ2 (d.f. = 3) = 20.919, P &lt; 0.001]. More patients reported that they would prefer a telephone call for urgent advice (168, 54.9%). Conclusion Most patients interviewed were happy with their routine face-to-face appointment being switched to a telephone consultation. Of those interviewed, patients &gt;50 years old were less likely than their younger counterparts to want telephone consultations in place of face-to-face appointments. Most patients in our study would prefer a telephone consultation for urgent advice. We must ensure that older patients and those in vulnerable groups who value in-person contact are not excluded. Telephone clinics in some form are here to stay in rheumatology for the foreseeable future.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Visual Comfort Evaluation in the Evidence-Based Design Process Using Lighting Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4982
Author(s):  
Anahita Davoodi ◽  
Peter Johansson ◽  
Myriam Aries
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Lighting Simulation ◽  
Insight Into

Validation of the EBD-SIM (evidence-based design-simulation) framework, a conceptual framework developed to integrate the use of lighting simulation in the EBD process, suggested that EBD’s post-occupancy evaluation (POE) should be conducted more frequently. A follow-up field study was designed for subjective–objective results implementation in the EBD process using lighting simulation tools. In this real-time case study, the visual comfort of the occupants was evaluated. The visual comfort analysis data were collected via simulations and questionnaires for subjective visual comfort perceptions. The follow-up study, conducted in June, confirmed the results of the original study, conducted in October, but additionally found correlations with annual performance metrics. This study shows that, at least for the variables related to daylight, a POE needs to be conducted at different times of the year to obtain a more comprehensive insight into the users’ perception of the lit environment.

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