scholarly journals Cross-cultural Feasibility, Reliability and Sources of Variance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-U. Wittchen ◽  
L. N. Robins ◽  
L. B. Cottler ◽  
N. Sartorius ◽  
J. D. Burke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Different Cultures

The CIDI is a fully standardised diagnostic interview designed for assessing mental disorders based on the definitions and criteria of ICD–10 and DSM–III–R. Field trials with the CIDI have been conducted in 18 centres around the world, to test the feasibility and reliability of the CIDI in different cultures and settings, as well as to test the inter-rater agreement for the different types of questions used. Of 590 subjects interviewed across all sites and rated by an interviewer and observer, 575 were eligible for analysis. The CIDI was judged to be acceptable for most subjects and was appropriate for use in different kinds of settings. Many subjects fulfilled criteria for more than one diagnosis (lifetime and six-month). The most frequent lifetime disorders were generalised anxiety, major depression, tobacco use disorders, and agoraphobia. Percentage agreements for all diagnoses were above 90% and the kappa values were all highly significant. No significant numbers of diagnostic disconcordances were found with lifetime, six-month, and four-week time frames.

Cross-cultural Piagetian Research: An Experimental Perspective

1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Teague Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Stage Theory ◽  
Cognitive Growth ◽  
Genetic Epistemology ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Apparent Conflict

Over the last twenty-five years children around the world have observed and responded to researchers who pour water from beaker to beaker, roll plasticene into snake-like figures, and arrange matchsticks into a potpourri of shapes. These cross-cultural experiments have been undertaken to test Piaget's theory of genetic epistemology, which posits a hierarchical, universal, and invariant sequence of stages of cognitive development. Piagetian research in varying cultures has revealed both striking similarities and marked differences in performance on cognitive tasks, some in apparent conflict with the basic assumptions of Piagetian stage theory. In this article Professor Ashton reviews a range of cross-cultural Piagetian research, analyzes the sometimes divergent findings from this research, and suggests methodological improvements which may help to resolve past dilemmas and to further future understanding of cognitive growth in different cultures.

Differential item functioning of the CAGE, TWEAK, BMAST and AUDIT by gender and ethnicity

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Schafer ◽  
Cheryl J. Cherpitel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Emergency Room Patients ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Harmful Drinker

A number of screening instruments for alcohol dependence (AD) or problem drinking are currently in use in primary care settings. This study tests for differential item functioning by gender and ethnicity of the CAGE, TWEAK, brief MAST (BMAST), and AUDIT in 492 emergency room patients with lifetime drinking experience. As the referent standard, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to establish whether the participant was either alcohol dependent or a harmful drinker according to ICD-10 criteria. Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses suggested that 38% of the items on the four screening instruments showed either gender or ethnic DIF.

Prevalence and recognition of anxiety syndromes in five European primary care settings

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (S34) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Weiller ◽  
J.-C. Bisserbe ◽  
W. Maier ◽  
Y. Lecrubier
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Psychosocial Disability ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Degree Of Disability

Background This study explored the prevalence, socio-demographic characteristics and severity of different anxiety syndromes in five European primary care settings, as well as medical help-seeking, recognition by general practitioners (GPs) and treatment prescribed.Method The data were collected as part of the WHO study on Psychological Problems in General Health Care. Among 9714 consecutive primary care patients, 1973 were interviewed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Reason for contact, ICD–10 diagnoses, severity and disability were assessed. Recognition rates and treatment prescribed were obtained from the GPs.Results Anxiety syndromes, whether corresponding to well-defined disorders or to subthreshold conditions, are frequent in primary care and are associated with a clinically significant degree of severity and substantial psychosocial disability. Their recognition by GPs as well as the proportion treated are low.Conclusions Since people with subthreshold anxiety show a substantial degree of disability and suffering, GPs may consider diagnostic criteria to be insufficient. However, their awareness of specific definitions and treatment patterns for anxiety disorders still needs a lot of improvement both for patients' well-being and for the cost resulting from non-treatment.

Lying in Different Cultures

2018 ◽  
pp. 564-578
Author(s):  
Fumiko Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Individualism And Collectivism ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
New Zealanders

This chapter reviews key issues related to lying within the framework of a cross-cultural context. First, important notions such as individualism and collectivism are discussed. Various definitions of lying are then introduced based on semantics and pragmatics frameworks (e.g., Grice’s Cooperative Principle). Next, the motivations and acceptability of lies are addressed by referring to values and assumptions found in different cultures. Finally, the chapter examines conversational data collected from Japanese people and New Zealanders. The data contain lies that are used as strategies to manage undesirable situations. The examples illustrate how people would choose different types of lie by following their own cultural protocols and preferences.

Validation of two survey diagnostic interviews among primary care attendees: a comparison of CIS-R and CIDI with SCAN ICD-10 diagnostic categories

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. JORDANOVA ◽  
C. WICKRAMESINGHE ◽  
C. GERADA ◽  
M. PRINCE
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Valid Assessment

Background. The most widely used survey measures in psychiatry, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and the Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised (CIS-R) have generated estimates of psychiatric morbidity that show considerable variation. Doubts have been raised regarding the validity of these structured lay interviewer assessments. There have been no direct comparisons of the performances of these instruments against a common, established criterion.Method. A total of 105 unselected primary care attendees were each interviewed with CIDI, CIS-R and SCAN in a single sitting with random order of administration. SCAN was administered by a SCAN trained psychiatrist, and CIDI and CIS-R by a public health doctor. Concordance was estimated for all ICD-10 neurotic disorders. We assessed the overall discriminability of the CIS-R morbidity scale using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results. The concordance for CIDI for ICD-10 diagnoses was moderate to excellent (kappa=0·58–0·97). Concordance for CIS-R ranged between poor and moderate (kappa=0·10–0·65). The area under the ROC curve for the CIS-R morbidity scale with respect to any ICD-10 disorder [0·87 (95% CI 0·79–0·95)] indicated good overall discriminability, but poor sensitivity (44%) and high specificity (97%) at the usual CIS-R cut-point of 11/12.Conclusion. Among primary care attendees the CIDI is a highly valid assessment of common mental disorders, and the CIS-R is moderately valid. Previous studies may have underestimated validity. Against the criteria of all ICD-10 diagnoses (including less severe depressive and anxiety disorders) a much lower CIS-R cut-point is required than that which is usually advocated.

Australia's Mental Health: An Overview of the General Population Survey

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Henderson ◽  
Gavin Andrews ◽  
Wayne Hall
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Australian Bureau Of Statistics

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to estimate the 1-month and 1-year prevalence of mental disorders in the Australian adult population; to determine the amount of disablement associated with this; and to determine the use of health and other services by persons with common mental disorders. Method: For the Adult Survey, a household sample of 10 600 persons aged 18 years and over were interviewed across Australia by experienced field staff of the Australian Bureau of Statistics. This was 78%% of the target sample. The interview consisted of the composite international diagnostic interview in its automated presentation (CIDI-A) and other components to determine disablement, use of services and satisfaction with services received. The diagnostic classifications used in the analyses were both ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Only the results from ICD-10 are reported here. Results: A total of 17.7%% of the sample had one or more common mental disorders, anxiety, depression, alcohol or substance abuse and neurasthenia. This morbidity was associated with considerable disablement in daily life: 3 days of impaired social role performance in the previous 4 weeks, compared with 1 day for the general population. Of all cases, 64.6%% had had no contact with health services in the previous year; 29.4%% had seen GPs and 7.5%% had seen psychiatrists. Conclusion: Australia now has its own national estimates of psychiatric morbidity. The morbidity is associated with considerable disablement, but most of it is untreated. General practitioners encounter by far the largest proportion of those reaching services.

scholarly journals São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey - a population-based epidemiological study of psychiatric morbidity in the São Paulo metropolitan area: aims, design and field implementation

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carmen Viana ◽  
Marlene Galativicis Teixeira ◽  
Fidel Beraldi ◽  
Indaiá de Santana Bassani ◽  
Laura Helena Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The World ◽  
Mental Health Survey

The São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey is a population-based cross-sectional survey of psychiatric morbidity, assessing a probabilistic sample of household residents in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, aged 18 years and over. Respondents were selected from a stratified multistage clustered area probability sample of households, covering all 39 municipalities, without replacement. Respondents were assessed using the World Mental Health Survey version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI), which was translated and adapted into the Brazilian-Portuguese language. Data was collected between May 2005 and April 2007 by trained lay interviewers. The World Mental Health Survey version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview comprises clinical and non-clinical sections, arranged as Part I and Part II, producing diagnoses according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition, and the International Classification of Diseases - 10th Revision. Mood, anxiety, impulse-control and substance use disorders, and suicide-related behavior, considered core disorders, as well as socio-demographic information, were assessed in all respondents. Non-clinical modules and non-core clinical sections (obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, gambling, eating disorders, neurasthenia, pre-menstrual disorders, psychotic symptoms and personality traits) were assessed in a sub-sample (2,942 respondents), composed by all respondents with at least one core disorder and a 25% random sample of those who were non-cases. A total of 5,037 individuals were interviewed, with a global response rate of 81.3%. Saliva samples were collected from 1,801 respondents, with DNA extracted stored pending further investigations.

Translating Happiness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lomas
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Different Cultures

This book presents an innovative new approach to the study of wellbeing, intersecting psychology, linguistics, and cross-cultural scholarship. It begins by introducing a cartographic theory of language, proposing that words enable us to map our world, and thus to understand and navigate our lives. However, different cultures map the world in different ways, generating so-called untranslatable words (i.e., which lack an equivalent in another language – in this case, English). Their significance is that they point to aspects of life that have hitherto been overlooked or undervalued in English-speaking cultures. By exploring such words, we can therefore refine our maps, developing a more nuanced appreciation of the world. This book deploys this process with respect to wellbeing specifically, bringing its hidden dimensions to light. Moreover, it argues that this process may not only enhance our understanding of wellbeing, but also our experience of it, empowering us to identify phenomena that had previously been only dimly perceived, and even to discover new dimensions of existence we had not realised were there. These possibilities are brought to life through a tour of 400 or so words, sourced from nearly 80 languages. These terms are analysed thematically, arranged into three overarching meta-categories – feelings, relationships, and personal development – which together constitute a comprehensive new theory of wellbeing. The book concludes by outlining an ambitious research agenda that will fully allow the promise of these untranslatable words, and the theory outlined here, to be realised.

CIDI, SCAN and IPDE: structured diagnostic interviews for ICD 10 and DSM III-R

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Pull ◽  
HU Wittchen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Health Organization

SummaryThe Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) and the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE) constitute part of a family of instruments which have been designed for the assessment of mental disorders as defined by the explicit diagnostic criteria and algorithms in ICD 10 and DSM III-R. They have been developed at the request of the World Health Organization and the United States Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration to foster a common language in the mental health field, to facilitate comparisons of clinical and research findings from different settings, countries and cultures, and to improve the scientific basis of diagnosis and classification in psychiatry. This report describes the background, purpose and essential features of the three instruments.

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