Homicides by people with mental illness: myth and reality

1999 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. Taylor ◽  
John Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Home Office ◽  
High Profile ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Annual Decline ◽  
Criminal Statistics

BackgroundTragic and high-profile killings by people with mental illness have been used to suggest that the community care model for mental health services has failed.AimsTo consider whether such homicides have become more frequent as psychiatric services have changed.MethodData were extracted from Home Office-generated criminal statistics for England and Wales between 1957 and 1995 and subjected to trends analysis.ResultsThere was little fluctuation in numbers of people with a mental illness committing criminal homicide over the 38 years studied, and a 3% annual decline in their contribution to the official statistics.ConclusionsThere are many reasons for improving the resources and quality of care for people with a mental disorder, but there is no evidence that it is anything but stigmatising to claim that their living in the community is a dangerous experiment that should be reversed. There appears to be some case for specially focused improvement of services for people with a personality disorder and/or substance misuse.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards disclosing a mental illness: impact on quality of life and recovery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Mayer ◽  
Patrick W. Corrigan ◽  
Daniela Eisheuer ◽  
Nathalie Oexle ◽  
Nicolas Rüsch
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
Initial Support ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose The decision whether to disclose a mental illness has individual and social consequences. Secrecy may protect from stigma and discrimination while disclosure can increase social support and facilitate help-seeking. Therefore, disclosure decisions are a key reaction to stigma. The first aim of this study was to test a newly developed scale to measure disclosure attitudes, the Attitudes to Disclosure Questionnaire (AtDQ). The second aim was to examine the impact of attitudes towards disclosing a mental illness on quality of life and recovery. Methods Among 100 participants with mental illness, disclosure attitudes, quality of life, recovery, benefits of disclosure, secrecy, social withdrawal, self-stigma, and depressive symptoms were assessed at weeks 0, 3 and 6. Psychometric properties of the AtDQ were analysed. Longitudinal associations between disclosure attitudes at baseline and quality of life and recovery after 6 weeks were examined in linear regressions. Results The analyses of the AtDQ indicated one-factor solutions, high acceptability, high internal consistency, and good retest reliability for the total scale and the subscales as well as high construct validity of the total scale. Results provided initial support for sensitivity to change. More positive disclosure attitudes in general and in particular regarding to family at baseline predicted better quality of life and recovery after 6 weeks. Conclusion The current study provides initial support for the AtDQ as a useful measure of disclosure attitudes. Disclosing a mental illness, especially with respect to family, may improve quality of life and recovery of people with mental illness.

Validity and Reliability of Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (Cantonese)

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kim-Wan Young ◽  
Petrus Y. N. Ng ◽  
Jia-Yan Pan ◽  
Daphne Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Stigma Of Mental Illness

Purpose: This study aims to translate and test the reliability and validity of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness-Cantonese (ISMI-C). Methods: The original English version of ISMI is translated into the ISMI-C by going through forward and backward translation procedure. A cross-sectional research design is adopted that involved 295 participants randomly drawn from a population of Chinese consumers participated in different kinds of community-based mental health services. Results: Results show that the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the ISMI-C is .93. With regard to validity test, the ISMI-C shows significant and negative correlation with measures on self-esteem and quality of life. Also, an explorative factor analysis yields five factors that are consistent with previous research results. Discussion: This study shows that the ISMI-C is a reliable and valid measure. ISMI-C can facilitate the development of interventions in reducing self-stigma for people with mental illness across Chinese societies.

scholarly journals Perception, Process, and Perspectives of Caring for Family Members with Mental Illness: A Meta-Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Iril I Panes ◽  
Cyruz P. Tuppal ◽  
Mark Donald C. Reñosa ◽  
Ma. Elizabeth P. Baua
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Holistic Care ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Family Empowerment ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The Family ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
Perception Process

Background: The care for people with mental illness falls on the family and community. The support system is a quintessential aspect of patient’s recuperation. However, some families experience the feeling of burden, loss, and stigma having a significant impact on the family’s quality of life.Purpose: This meta-synthesis explored the available literature on the experiences of the family about mental illness.Methods: A web-based literature search was conducted. An initial 1,952 studies were retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Ovid-based MEDLINE. Six qualitative studies were included in the review.Results: Findings revealed that family empowerment as the grand theme emerged from the perceived effects of mental illness on the family, the process of coping and their perspectives on family empowerment.Conclusion: Family empowerment offers an openness, readiness, and acceptance towards a holistic care for a family member with a mental illness.

scholarly journals Cognitive-behavioural therapy effects on employment-related outcomes for individuals with mental illness: A systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Minjoo ◽  
Elias Mpofu ◽  
Kaye Brock ◽  
Michael Millington ◽  
James Athanasou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

Orientation: To identify the effects of interventions in cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) on employment-related outcomes world-wide for individuals with mental illness.Research purpose: A search of the relevant literature was conducted through PsychInfo, Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar™, covering the period between 1995 and August 2011. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the criteria from Evidence Based Library and Information Practice (EBLIP). Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria.Motivation for the study: Evidence is needed on best practices to support work participation by people with mental illness. Effective cognitive-behavioural intervention might enhance their personal control over participation in employment aside from systemic or policy-oriented interventions.Research approach, design and method: A scoping review was done to map trends in the evidence for CBT as an intervention to support employment participation by people with mental illness. A scoping review is exploratory, the evidence of which lays the basis for subsequent studies. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the EBLIP Critical Appraisal Checklist.Main findings: Cognitive-behaviour therapy was an effective intervention approach for better work productivity, longer work hours, higher re-employment rate and enhanced mental health for individuals with mental illness.Practical/managerial implications: Cognitive-behaviour therapy is a promising strategy for industrial and organisational psychologists dealing with people who have a mental illness. It enhances employment and maintains work adjustment. Additional clinical trials in diverse populations and contexts will further establish its efficacy.Contribution/value-add: This scoping review aggregated the preliminary evidence for the efficacy of cognitive-behaviour therapy as a work-participation intervention for people with mental illness.

scholarly journals Quality of life in patients with severe mental illness: a cross-sectional survey in an integrated outpatient health care model

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 2073-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Berghöfer ◽  
Luise Martin ◽  
Sabrina Hense ◽  
Stefan Weinmann ◽  
Stephanie Roll
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Model

Paradigm 8: Community Care Is Destigmatizing

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Stuart ◽  
Julio Arboleda-Flórez ◽  
Norman Sartorius
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Health Movement ◽  
Community Mental Health Movement

Chapter 9 addresses how there have been many negative consequences for people with a mental illness as a result of the rapid deinstitutionalization of mental hospitals without appropriate community services to provide a safety net. These have included criminalization, increased stigmatization, social exclusion, poor quality of care, and poorer health outcomes. It covers how these problems challenge the notion that the community mental health movement has been a destigmatizing force leading to greater social participation for people with a mental illness. Because they are now more visible, and often less supported by treatment systems, people with a mental illness living in the community may be at greater risk of experiencing social stigma.

scholarly journals Translating Coercion Policy into Inter-Organisational Collaboration–the Implementation of Compulsory Community Care for People with Mental Illness

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIV ZETTERBERG ◽  
URBAN MARKSTRÖM ◽  
STEFAN SJÖSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Service Coordination ◽  
Coordinated Care ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Health Field

AbstractIn 2008, compulsory community care (CCC) for people with severe mental illness was introduced in Sweden. CCC requires co-operation between psychiatric and social services, thus further complicating the longstanding difficulties with service coordination in the mental health field.This article investigates what happens when a new policy is introduced that assumes complex co-operation of two organisations bestowed with high degrees of discretion. The process of institutionalisation will be analysed in terms of how an idea is translated and materialised on local levels. This has been investigated by interviewing key informants within psychiatric and social services at three different locations.The implementation was perceived as relatively successful and occurred without major conflict. The main effect of the new legislation was improvement in the coordination of services, where designing a template form for a coordinated care plan was central. The inter-organisational discussions about service coordination that arose had a spill-over effect on services for other patient groups.In essence, respondents describe CCC as a pedagogical reform to promote the coordination of services, rather than a reform to increase coercive powers over patients. This raises concerns about the legitimacy of the reform.

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