Signs of asphyxia at birth and risk of schizophrenia

BackgroundPrevious research has found an association between obstetric complications and schizophrenia, but in many studies the sample size was limited, and no assessment of specific exposures was possible.AimsTo assess the role of different complications, and in particular to distinguish between disordered foetal development and hypoxia at birth.MethodFrom the Stockholm County In-Patient Register and community registers, we identified 524 cases of schizophrenia and 1043 controls, matched for age, gender, hospital and parish of birth. Data on obstetric complications were obtained from birth records.ResultsThere was a strong association between signs of asphyxia at birth and schizophrenia (OR 4.4; 95% C11.9–10.3) after adjustment for other obstetric complications, maternal history of psychotic illness and social class.ConclusionsSigns of asphyxia at birth are associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia in adults.

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Obstetric complications and risk of schizophrenia

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.179.5.409 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 179 (5) ◽

pp. 409-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Hollie V. Thomas ◽

Christina Dalman ◽

Anthony S. David ◽

Johan Gentz ◽

Glyn Lewis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control ◽

Obstetric Complications ◽

Early Age ◽

Stockholm County ◽

Maternal History ◽

Future Studies ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

And Control ◽

Larger Sample

BackgroundObstetric complications have been studied frequently as possible risk factors for schizophrenia.AimsTo test the hypotheses that individual obstetric complications are most strongly associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia in males, in patients with an early age at first diagnosis and in subjects with a maternal history of psychosis.MethodCases of schizophrenia diagnosed between January 1971 and June 1994 were identified in the Stockholm County In-Patient Register. Controls were matched on age, gender, hospital of birth and parish of birth. Obstetric data were recorded blind to case–control status for 524 cases and 1043 controls.ResultsThis study did not find any large or consistent effect of gender, age at diagnosis or maternal history of psychosis on the risk of schizophrenia associated with individual complications.ConclusionsFuture studies should examine these effects using a much larger sample that includes patients with schizophrenia and control subjects whose genetic risk of schizophrenia has been assessed accurately.

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Concomitant autoimmunity may be a predictor of more severe stages of endometriosis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94877-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vanni Valeria Stella ◽

Villanacci Roberta ◽

Salmeri Noemi ◽

Papaleo Enrico ◽

Delprato Diana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autoimmune Disease ◽

Adaptive Immune System ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Medical Patients ◽

Laparoscopic Procedures ◽

Logistic Analysis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

AbstractPathogenesis of endometriosis is still unclear and a role of both innate and adaptive immune system has been postulated. Some recent findings have revealed an increased risk to have concomitant autoimmune disease in women with endometriosis, but no study so far has investigated whether this association could affect endometriosis severity and stage. We retrospectively reviewed medical patients’ notes of women with a confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis who referred to our endometriosis outpatient clinic between January 2015 and December 2019. Cases (endometriosis and an autoimmune disease) were matched in a 1:3 ratio by age and study period with controls (endometriosis without history of autoimmunity). At univariate logistic analysis, concomitant autoimmunity (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.64–4.21, p < 0.001) and the number of laparoscopic procedures performed (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.45–5.43, p = 0.002) emerged as factors significantly associated with the likelihood of stage IV endometriosis. In the multivariate logistic regression model, concomitant autoimmunity remained a significant predictor of stage IV endometriosis (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.57–4.10, p = 0.004), whereas the association between the number of laparoscopic procedures performed and stage IV endometriosis was found to be of borderline-significance (OR 2.70, 95% 1.37–5.30, p = 0.050). Our findings suggest that endometriosis is more severe in patients who are also affected by autoimmune disturbances after controlling for relevant confounders.

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CHEK2∗1100delC Mutation and Risk of Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer ◽

10.1155/2014/294575 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Victoria Hale ◽

Maren Weischer ◽

Jong Y. Park

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Prostate Cancer Screening ◽

Critical Role ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Conclusive Evidence ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Cancer Studies

Although the causes of prostate cancer are largely unknown, previous studies support the role of genetic factors in the development of prostate cancer.CHEK2plays a critical role in DNA replication by responding to double-stranded breaks. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the role of a genetic variant, 1100delC, ofCHEK2on prostate cancer risk and discuss the implication for potential translation of this knowledge into clinical practice. Currently, twelve articles that discussedCHEK2∗1100delC and its association with prostate cancer were identified. Of the twelve prostate cancer studies, five studies had independent data to draw conclusive evidence from. The pooled results of OR and 95% CI were 1.98 (1.23–3.18) for unselected cases and 3.39 (1.78–6.47) for familial cases, indicating thatCHEK2∗1100delC mutation is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. Screening for CHEK2∗1100delC should be considered in men with a familial history of prostate cancer.

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Sex Differences in Inmates: Anger, Sensitivity to Provocation and Family History of Imprisonment

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x211049189 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0306624X2110491

Author(s):

Marta Bodecka-Zych ◽

Anna Zajenkowska ◽

Mary Bower Russa

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Female Inmates ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Prisoners ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Incarcerated Populations ◽

History Of ◽

Male Prisoners

Little research has explored the role of aggression, anger, and family history of incarceration as they relate to female offenders. The current study aimed to address this gap in the literature by investigating these possible risk factors for incarceration among both men and women. The survey involved 123 (61 female and 62 male) prisoners convicted for violent crimes and a comparison group of 118 (60 female and 58 male) adults from the community. We found that women (convicted and non-convicted) were more sensitive to provocation than men, while community adults showed higher levels of trait anger than prisoners. Detainees were more likely than community adults to have a relative in prison. Although male and female inmates were equally likely to have a relative in prison, they differed in their relation to the imprisoned relative. Male and female prisoners showed increased risk for incarceration of same sex, first degree relatives (father and brothers for men, and mothers for women). These results may contribute to improved understanding of incarcerated populations. As such, this represents a critical first step in creating recovery programs that are more gender appropriate.

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Investigating Association of rs5918 Human Platelets Antigen 1 and rs1800790 Fibrinogen β Chain as Critical Players with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Medical Sciences ◽

10.3390/medsci6040098 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 98 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fatemeh Karami ◽

Maliheh Askari ◽

Mohammad Modarressi

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Human Platelets ◽

P Value ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Β Chain ◽

Larger Sample

Thrombophilia gene variants have been shown to be associated with higher risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Due to the role of human platelets antigen 1 (HPA-1) and fibrinogen β chain (FGB) as critical players in the coagulation process, their most important variants including rs5918 T > C and rs1800790 G > A were selected to be studied in women affected by RPL. Three milliliters of peripheral blood were drawn from 110 women with history of at least two consecutive spontaneous abortion and 110 healthy women controls. rs5918 T > C and rs1800790 G > A of HPA-1 and FGB genes, respectively, were selected to be analyzed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR_RFLP) following DNA isolation using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit. Heterozygote genotype (TC) of HPA-1 gene rs5918 polymorphism was significantly associated with risk of RPL (p-value = 0.02). Although, rs1800790 G > A of FGB gene was not associated with RPL, its combination with rs5918 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of RPL. Owing to the critical roles of FGB and HPA-1 genes in coagulation, and thrombosis and several confinements on the meaningful association between the combination of those polymorphism with risk of RPL, including them in the thrombophilia panel may increase detection rate of hereditary thrombophilia patients. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to shed light on the exact role of the studied gene polymorphism, especially rs1800790 G > A of FGB gene variant in pathogenesis of RPL.

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Childhood trauma and being at-risk for psychosis are associated with higher peripheral endocannabinoids

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291719001946 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (11) ◽

pp. 1862-1871 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. Appiah-Kusi ◽

R. Wilson ◽

M. Colizzi ◽

E. Foglia ◽

E. Klamerus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

At Risk ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Childhood Maltreatment ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Endocannabinoid System ◽

History Of Childhood ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

AbstractBackgroundEvidence has been accumulating regarding alterations in components of the endocannabinoid system in patients with psychosis. Of all the putative risk factors associated with psychosis, being at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) has the strongest association with the onset of psychosis, and exposure to childhood trauma has been linked to an increased risk of development of psychotic disorder. We aimed to investigate whether being at-risk for psychosis and exposure to childhood trauma were associated with altered endocannabinoid levels.MethodWe compared 33 CHR participants with 58 healthy controls (HC) and collected information about previous exposure to childhood trauma as well as plasma samples to analyse endocannabinoid levels.ResultsIndividuals with both CHR and experience of childhood trauma had higher N-palmitoylethanolamine (p < 0.001) and anandamide (p < 0.001) levels in peripheral blood compared to HC and those with no childhood trauma. There was also a significant correlation between N-palmitoylethanolamine levels and symptoms as well as childhood trauma.ConclusionsOur results suggest an association between CHR and/or childhood maltreatment and elevated endocannabinoid levels in peripheral blood, with a greater alteration in those with both CHR status and history of childhood maltreatment compared to those with either of those risks alone. Furthermore, endocannabinoid levels increased linearly with the number of risk factors and elevated endocannabinoid levels correlated with the severity of CHR symptoms and extent of childhood maltreatment. Further studies in larger cohorts, employing longitudinal designs are needed to confirm these findings and delineate the precise role of endocannabinoid alterations in the pathophysiology of psychosis.

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The Association Between Triple X and Psychosis

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.160.4.554 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 160 (4) ◽

pp. 554-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Wendy J. Woodhouse ◽

Anthony J. Holland ◽

Greg McLean ◽

Adrianne M. Reveley

Keyword(s):

British Journal ◽

Family History ◽

Psychiatric Disorder ◽

Obstetric Complications ◽

Psychiatric Practice ◽

Psychotic Illness ◽

Chromosome Anomalies ◽

Eeg Abnormalities ◽

Management Problems ◽

History Of

Two cases of psychotic illness in association with the karyotype triple X showed specific diagnostic and management problems as well as obstetric complications, EEG abnormalities, and lack of a family history of psychiatric disorder. Routine karyotyping during the investigation of psychosis is becoming relevant to psychiatric practice as research reports increasingly feature genetic and chromosome anomalies in association with schizophrenic psychoses.British Journal of Psychiatry (1992), 160, 554–557

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Haplotypes of TNFα/β Genes Associated with Sex-Specific Paranoid Schizophrenic Risk in Tunisian Population

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2018/3502564 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Oumaima Inoubli ◽

Achraf Jemli ◽

Sihem Ben Fredj ◽

Anouar Mechri ◽

Lotfi Gaha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽

Strong Association ◽

Tunisian Population ◽

Potential Association ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Minor Alleles ◽

Binary Regression Analysis ◽

Research Findings ◽

Necrosis Factor

Several medical research findings have announced a strong association between the biology of cytokines and various brain activities. Since growing evidences suggest the crucial and complex role of the tumor necrosis factor in the CNS, we have hypothesized that functional genetic variants of the LTA and TNFA genes (LTA +252A/G (rs909253) and TNFA −857C/T (rs1799724) and TNFA −238G/A (rs361525)) may be involved in the predisposition to schizophrenia. This research is based on a case-control study. The RFLP-PCR genotyping was conducted on a Tunisian population composed of 208 patients and 208 controls. We found a strong significant overrepresentation of the minor alleles (G, T, and A, respectively) in all patients compared with controls (p=0.003, OR=1.55; p=0.005, OR=1.78; and p=0.0001, OR=1.74, respectively). This correlation was confirmed for male but not for female patients. Interestingly, the frequencies of the minor alleles were significantly more common among patients with paranoid schizophrenia when compared with controls (p=0.003, OR=1.75; p=5·10−6, OR=3.04; and p=4·10−6, OR=2.35, respectively). This potential association was confirmed by a logistic binary regression analysis only for the development of the paranoid form of schizophrenia (p=0.001/OR=2.6; p=0.0002/OR=3.2; and p=0.0004/OR=3.1, respectively) and remained not significant for the other subtypes. Moreover, our study showed an important association between GCA haplotype and the development of this pathological form (p=10−4, OR=3.71). In conclusion, our results proved a significant association between the three polymorphisms and paranoid schizophrenia, at least in the Tunisian population, suggesting a substantially increased risk for paranoid schizophrenia with dominant inheritance of these three minor alleles.

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Diet, Lifestyles, Family History, and Prostate Cancer Incidence in an East Algerian Patient Group

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/5730569 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Somia Lassed ◽

Cláudia M. Deus ◽

Nuno Lourenço ◽

Abderrezak Dahdouh ◽

Albert A. Rizvanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Strong Association ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Algerian Population ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Control Study

Prostate cancer (PC) is the fourth most common cancer in men and the sixth leading cause of death in Algeria. To examine the relationship between lifestyle factors, including diet, and family history and PC risk, a case-control study was performed in an eastern Algerian population, comprising 90 patients with histologically confirmed PC and 190 controls. Data collection was carried out through a structured questionnaire and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the different variables. The data showed that consumption of lamb and beef meat and high intake of animal fat and dairy products increased PC risk. Seven to thirteen vegetables servings per week and fourteen or more servings decreased PC risk by 62% and 96%, respectively. Seven to fourteen fruit servings per week decrease PC risk by 98%. Green tea consumption reduced the risk of PC but the results were statistically borderline. Increased risk was observed for individuals with family history of PC in first and in second degree. A positive strong association was also found for alcohol and smoking intake and a dose-response relationship existed for quantity and history of smoking. This study suggests that dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and family history have influence on the development of PC in Algerian population.

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Genetic Markers of Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2012/574817 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Luis Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽

Raquel López-Mejías ◽

Mercedes García-Bermúdez ◽

Carlos González-Juanatey ◽

Miguel A. González-Gay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Genetic Basis ◽

Strong Association ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Base Pairs ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Atherosclerotic Process ◽

Cv Disease ◽

Polygenic Diseases

Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the most common cause of premature mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is the result of an accelerated atherosclerotic process. Both RA and atherosclerosis are complex polygenic diseases. Besides traditional CV risk factors and chronic inflammation, a number of studies have confirmed the role of genetic factors in the development of the atherogenesis observed in RA. In this regard, besides a strong association between theHLA-DRB1*04shared epitope alleles and both endothelial dysfunction, an early step in the atherosclerotic process, and clinically evident CV disease, other polymorphisms belonging to genes implicated in inflammatory and metabolic pathways, located inside and outside the HLA region, such as the 308 variant (G>A, rs1800629) of theTNFAlocus, the rs1801131 polymorphism (A>C; position + 1298) of theMTHFRlocus, or a deletion of 32 base pairs on theCCR5gene, seem to be associated with the risk of CV disease in patients with RA. Despite considerable effort to decipher the genetic basis of CV disease in RA, further studies are required to better establish the genetic influence in the increased risk of CV events observed in patients with RA.

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