scholarly journals Factors associated with the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt in prison

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Favril ◽  
Rory C. O’Connor ◽  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Freya Vander Laenen
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data

Abstract Background Although research has identified a wide range of risk factors for suicidal behavior in prisoners, it does not establish who is most likely to act on their suicidal thoughts while incarcerated. Methods Self-report data were collected from a random sample of 1,203 adult men incarcerated across 15 prisons in Belgium, who represent 12% of all male prisoners nationwide. Results One-third (33%) of participants reported having suicidal thoughts during their incarceration, of whom 26% attempted suicide in prison (9% of all prisoners). Factors independently associated with suicide attempt among prisoners with suicidal ideation were violent offending (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–5.23), in-prison drug use (aOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.25–4.22), exposure to suicidal behavior (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.04–3.68), and a lifetime history of nonsuicidal self-injury (aOR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.08–3.36). While related to suicidal thoughts, markers of psychiatric morbidity and aspects of the prison regime were not associated with the progression to suicide attempt. Conclusions Many prisoners who think about suicide do not attempt suicide while incarcerated. Factors associated with suicidal ideation are distinct from those that govern the transition to suicidal behavior. Our findings lend support to the hypothesis that behavioral disinhibition might act as a catalyst in the translation of suicidal thoughts into action.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt in prison

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Favril
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Although research has identified a wide range of risk factors for suicidal behaviour in prisoners, it does not establish who is most likely to act on their suicidal thoughts while incarcerated. Aim: To examine which clinical, criminological, and custodial factors are associated with suicidal ideation and the transition to suicide attempt in prison. Methods: Data were collected from a random sample of 1203 adult men incarcerated across 15 prisons in Belgium, who represent 12% of all male prisoners nationwide. Results: One-third (33%) of participants reported having suicidal thoughts during their incarceration, of whom 26% attempted suicide in prison (9% of all prisoners). Factors independently associated with suicide attempt among prisoners with suicidal ideation were violent offending (aOR = 2.64, 95% CI 1.33–5.23), in-prison drug use (aOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.25–4.22), exposure to suicidal behaviour (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.04–3.68), and a lifetime history of non-suicidal self-injury (aOR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.08–3.36). Whilst related to suicidal thoughts, markers of psychiatric morbidity and aspects of the prison regime were not associated with the progression to suicide attempt. Limitations: The findings were based on cross-sectional data derived from self-report measures. Conclusions: Many prisoners who think about suicide do not attempt suicide while incarcerated. Factors associated with suicidal ideation are distinct from those that govern the transition to suicidal behaviour. Longitudinal data are needed to confirm whether the identified factors predict behavioural enaction during the course of imprisonment.

Indicators of Depression and Suicidal Ideation among Drug Abusers

1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 784-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Flynn ◽  
Robert C. Mc Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Psychotic Depression ◽  
Survey Form ◽  
Significant Depression ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Depression Scales

The purpose of this study was to provide data relating to the validity of the Dysthymia and Psychotic Depression scales of the Millon Clinical Mulriaxial Inventory as indicators of serious depression measured by self-report data from che Treatment Outcome Prospective Study (TOPS) survey form. Scores on both Millon scales had low bur staristically significant correlations with TOPS survey items dealing with depression-related physical immobilization and suicidal ideation. Results indicate that these scale had limited value in identifying these significant depression-related symptoms among the 88 drug abusers (M age of 29 yr.)

scholarly journals Depression and Prostate Cancer: Examining Comorbidity and Male-Specific Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1864-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Rice ◽  
John L. Oliffe ◽  
Mary T. Kelly ◽  
Prue Cormie ◽  
Suzanne Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Depression in men with prostate cancer is a significant and complex issue that can challenge clinicians’ diagnostic efforts. The objective of the current study was to evaluate prototypic and male-specific depression symptoms and suicidal ideation in men with a diagnosis of prostate cancer relative to those with and without comorbidity. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Male Depression Risk Scale-22 (MDRS-22) were completed online along with demographic and background variables by 100 men with a diagnosis of prostate cancer ( n = 54 prostatectomy, n = 33 receiving active treatment). Hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine recent (past 2 weeks) suicide ideation. Over one-third of the sample (38%) reported a comorbidity, and this group had significantly higher total depression scores on the PHQ-9 (Cohen’s d = 0.65), MDRS-22 emotion suppression ( d = 0.35), and drug use subscales ( d = 0.38) compared to respondents without comorbidity. A total of 14% reported recent suicidal ideation, of which 71.4% of cases were identified by the PHQ-9 “moderate” cut-off, and 85.7% of cases were identified by the MDRS-22 “elevated” cut-off. After control variables, MDRS-22 subscales accounted for 45.1% of variance in recent suicidal ideation. While limited by the exclusive use of self-report data, findings point to the potential benefits of evaluating male-specific symptoms as part of depression and suicide risk screening in men with prostate cancer and the need to be mindful of the heightened risk for depression among men with prostate cancer who have comorbidity.

Psychosocial Factors Associated with the Adjustment of Basic Trainees in the U. S. Army

1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judson J. Swihart ◽  
Theodore Borek ◽  
Walter R. Schumm
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Urban Background ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties ◽  
Military Mental Health ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data

Self-report data from 114 basic trainees referred to a military mental health facility at Fort Bragg for adjustment difficulties were compared to equivalent data obtained from a random sample of 40 trainees at the same installation in the summer of 1968. Greater adjustment difficulties were associated with involuntary enlistment, failure to complete high school, poorer grades in high school, previous arrest record or psychiatric care, urban background, abuse of drugs or alcohol, and self-description as a “loner.” No significant differences were found by race, age, or marital status.

VARIATION OF SOUND PARAMETERS AFFECTS THE EVALUATION OF HUMAN LAUGHTER

Behaviour ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
pp. 1161-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Todt ◽  
Silke Kipper
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Signal Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Parameter Variations ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Repetition Interval ◽  
Human Laughter

AbstractSounds of human laughter compose quite effectual stimuli that usually facilitate positive responses. We have studied the mechanisms of such effects and investigated how changes in particular acoustical signal parameters affect the evaluation of laughter. Effects were assessed by evaluating self-report data of human subjects who had been exposed to playbacks of experimentally modified laughter material and, for control, also to samples of natural laughter. The modified laughter phrases were generated by first analysing samples of natural laughter, and then using these data to synthesise new laughter material. Analyses of subjects' responses revealed that not only samples that resembled the rhythm of natural laughter (repetition interval of about 0.2 s) were evaluated positively. Instead we found that series with a wide range of repetition intervals were perceived as laughter. The mode of parameter changes within the model series had an additional clear effect on the rating of a given playback sample. Thus, an intra-serial variation of rhythm or pitch received ratings that were closer to ratings of natural laughter (control) than did a stereotyped patterning of stimuli. Especially stimuli with decreases in pitch were well suited to elicit positive reactions. In conclusion, our results showed that features of parameter variations can make human laughter particularly effectual.

Sources of Occupational Pressure in Intensive Care and Potential Remedial Interventions

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
John Kincey ◽  
Michelle Lomax ◽  
Maire Shelly ◽  
Jane Eddleston ◽  
Mike Morley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Perceived Utility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Healthcare Professions ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Psychological Measure

This study explores the views of intensive care medicine consultants and trainees concerning sources of occupational pressure, the perceived utility and practicability of organisational changes designed to reduce these, and the relevance of these findings for attempts to promote recruitment into and reduce attrition from the specialty. An anonymised postal self-report questionnaire was used to obtain the views of consultants and trainees, using a combination of specifically designed questions and an existing psychological measure. A wide range of sources of occupational pressure was identified, some generic and some more specific to occupational roles and location. Ratings of potential remedial occupational changes revealed that not all those considered to be most useful were considered to be practicable. Self-report data indicated some differences between consultants and trainees. The complex mixture of occupational pressures warns against simplistic introduction of potential interventions and confirms the need to consider different pressures at different career stages. Responsibility for identifying, implementing and evaluating such remedial occupational changes lies at individual, local, professional and managerial levels. It is suggested that the current methodology could be developed to explore similar questions among other medical specialties or healthcare professions.

scholarly journals Extent and contributing factors of drug expenditure of injectors in Glasgow

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Hutchinson ◽  
S. M. Gore ◽  
A. Taylor ◽  
D. J. Goldberg ◽  
M. Frischer
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Drug Expenditure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Report Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
The Cost

BackgroundRecent concern about drug use has focused attention on the illegal income generated by users.AimsTo investigate factors associated with drugs expenditure and to estimate the cost of illegal acquisitions used to pay for drugs.MethodWe collected self-report data from 954 current injectors, interviewed at multiple street, needle/syringe exchange and drug treatment sites throughout Glasgow.ResultsInjectors' mean weekly drug spending was £324. The mean annual illegal drugs spend was estimated to be £11 000 per injector. We provide a central estimate – £194 million per annum – of the retail value of goods acquired illegally by injectors in Glasgow in order to pay for drugs. Higher drug spends were associated with having been imprisoned more often and with those reporting acquisitive crime, drug dealing and prostitution. Treatment with methadone, among individuals who injected in the previous two months, was associated with a 20% reduction in atypical spend on drugs.ConclusionsTreatment effectiveness needs to be measured both in terms of health benefit and in terms of reduction in drugs expenditure and recidivism.

scholarly journals The Focus of Supervisor Written Feedback to Thesis/Dissertation Students

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bitchener ◽  
Helen Basturkmen ◽  
Martin East
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Thesis Writing ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Giving Feedback

Written feedback on drafts of a thesis or dissertation is arguably the most important source of input on what is required or expected of thesis-writing students by the academic community. Despite its importance, relatively little is known about what type of information supervisors focus on when giving feedback. This article presents the findings of an exploratory, descriptive study that investigated what supervisors said they focused on when giving feedback. A total of 35 supervisors across three disciplines (Humanities, Sciences/ Mathematics, Commerce) at six New Zealand universities participated in the study. Data were sought from self –report data (written questionnaires and interviews) and samples of feedback given on thesis drafts. The study found that a wide range of beliefs concerning feedback are held by supervisors, that there is little difference in the type of feedback provided by supervisors in the different disciplines and that similar feedback tends to be given to both L1 and L2 students.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

Interactive Effects of Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance and Pain Persistence on Suicide Attempt Frequency and Lethality

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Thomas E. Joiner
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Affective Disturbance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Acute suicidal affective disturbance (ASAD) has been proposed as a suicide-specific entity that confers risk for imminent suicidal behavior. Preliminary evidence suggests that ASAD is associated with suicidal behavior beyond a number of factors; however, no study to date has examined potential moderating variables.  Aims: The present study tested the hypotheses that physical pain persistence would moderate the relationship between ASAD and (1) lifetime suicide attempts and (2) attempt lethality. Method: Students ( N = 167) with a history of suicidality completed self-report measures assessing the lifetime worst-point ASAD episode and the presence of a lifetime suicide attempt, a clinical interview about attempt lethality, and a physical pain tolerance task. Results: Physical pain persistence was a significant moderator of the association between ASAD and lifetime suicide attempts ( B = 0.00001, SE = 0.000004, p = .032), such that the relationship between ASAD and suicide attempts strengthened at increasing levels of pain persistence. The interaction between ASAD and pain persistence in relation to attempt lethality was nonsignificant ( B = 0.000004, SE = 0.00001, p = .765). Limitations: This study included a cross-sectional/retrospective analysis of worst-point ASAD symptoms, current physical pain perception, and lifetime suicide attempts. Conclusion: ASAD may confer risk for suicidal behavior most strongly at higher levels of pain persistence, whereas ASAD and pain perception do not influence attempt lethality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document