Damage, Vulnerability and Retrofitting Strategies for the Molise Hospital System following the 2002 Molise, Italy, Earthquake

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 285-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camillo Nuti ◽  
Silvia Santini ◽  
Ivo Vanzi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Structural Failure ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Detailed Picture ◽  
Community Decision

The earthquake of October 31, 2002, inflicted moderate damage on the region of Molise in southern Italy. However, it attracted much attention because almost all the victims were children killed in the structural failure of their primary school. This paper focuses on a different, but equally important, structural type: hospitals. The earthquake left them largely untouched. In the paper we first give a detailed picture of the structural damage and of the organization of emergency operations. Then we try to give guidance about the most effective retrofitting strategies for the regional hospital system as a whole, following a methodology developed in Nuti and Vanzi (1998b), which has been adjusted for this case study. Depending on the community decision criteria, the hospitals of Campobasso and Bojano appear to have the highest priority for retrofitting, even though they were unscathed by the event.

Nonwovens: Global Trends in World Economy, European Foreign Trade, and Selected Case Studies from Poland and Asian Brics Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Wysokińska ◽  
Tomasz Czajkowski ◽  
Katarzyna Grabowska
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Special Case

AbstractNonwovens are one of the most versatile textile materials and have become increasingly popular in almost all sectors of the economy due to their low manufacturing costs and unique properties. In the next few years, the world market of nonwovens is predicted to grow by 7%–8% annually (International Nonwovens & Disposables Association [INDA], European Disposables and Nonwovens Association [EDANA], and Markets and Markets). This article aims to analyze the most recent trends in the global export and import of nonwovens, to present two case studies of Polish companies that produce them, and to present one special case study of the market of nonwoven geotextiles in China and India, which are the Asian transition economies among the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa).

scholarly journals Measurement of Gem Colour Using a Computer Vision System: A Case Study with Jadeite-Jade

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Sufei Zhang ◽  
Ying Guo
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Group Test ◽  
System A ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Almost All

This paper introduces computer vision systems (CVSs), which provides a new method to measure gem colour, and compares CVS and colourimeter (CM) measurements of jadeite-jade colour in the CIELAB space. The feasibility of using CVS for jadeite-jade colour measurement was verified by an expert group test and a reasonable regression model in an experiment involving 111 samples covering almost all jadeite-jade colours. In the expert group test, more than 93.33% of CVS images are considered to have high similarities with real objects. Comparing L*, a*, b*, C*, h, and ∆E* (greater than 10) from CVS and CM tests indicate that significant visual differences exist between the measured colours. For a*, b*, and h, the R2 of the regression model for CVS and CM was 90.2% or more. CVS readings can be used to predict the colour value measured by CM, which means that CVS technology can become a practical tool to detect the colour of jadeite-jade.

Normative Ecologies of Planning: Understanding Norms in Action

2021 ◽  
pp. 0739456X2110211
Author(s):  
Laura Lieto
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Rules Of The Game

The paper deals with planning norms in action, assuming that planning regulation is one among many kinds of regulation with which planners must contend. Norms operate and co-evolve within a normative ecology where institutions collaborate and compete through overlapping and often incommensurate normative frameworks and rules of the game. The importance of socio-materiality in how different regulations work in practice is emphasized. To develop the normative ecology argument, a case study is presented on the effects of Airbnb tourism on the historic center of Napoli in southern Italy.

scholarly journals Covid-19 Preparedness and Response Capability: A Case Study of the Hanoi Primary Healthcare System

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863292110192
Author(s):  
Minh Van Hoang ◽  
Anh Tuan Tran ◽  
Trang Thu Vu ◽  
Tuan Kim Duong
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Issue Public ◽  
Analytical Frameworks

This study examined the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preparedness and response of the health system (HS) in Hanoi, Vietnam, and identified enabling factors and barriers. This cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted in 4 urban and peri-urban districts that included some wards with COVID-19-positive cases and some without. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analytical frameworks were used. Overall, 10% of health facilities (HFs) failed to fully implement COVID-19 risk determination; 8.8% failed to fully implement stronger community partnerships with local stakeholders to support public health (PH) preparedness; 35% and 2.5% incompletely implemented and did not implement evaluation of PH emergency operations, respectively; 10% did not identify communication channels to issue public information, alerts, warnings, and notifications; 25% incompletely implemented identification, development of guidance, and standards for information; 72.5% had good preventive and treatment collaboration; and 10% did not fully implement procedures for laboratory testing and reporting results. Enablers included sufficient infrastructure and equipment, strong leadership, and good cross-public-sector collaboration with police and military forces. Barriers included workforce constraints, overburdened and inconsistent reporting systems, inappropriate financial mechanisms, ambiguous health governance, and lack of private-sector engagement. Nonetheless, the HS preparedness and response were satisfactory, although further coordinated efforts in evaluation, coordination, communication, and volunteering remain necessary.

scholarly journals LCA of the Collection, Transportation, Treatment and Disposal of Source Separated Municipal Waste: A Southern Italy Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni De Feo ◽  
Carmen Ferrara ◽  
Cristina Iuliano ◽  
Alberto Grosso
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Treatment And Disposal

Implementation of InfraRed Thermographic surveys in complex coastal areas: the case study of Polignano a Mare (southern Italy)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Loiotine ◽  
Marco La Salandra ◽  
Gioacchino Francesco Andriani ◽  
Eliana Apicella ◽  
Michel Jaboyedoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Rock Masses ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Thermal Anomalies ◽  
Rock Face

<p><em>InfraRed Thermography</em> (IRT) spread quickly during the second half of the 20<sup>th</sup> century in the military, industrial and medical fields. This technique is at present widely used in the building sector to detect structural defects and energy losses. Being a non-destructive diagnostic technique, IRT was also introduced in the Earth Sciences, especially in the volcanology and environmental fields, yet its application for geostructural surveys is of recent development. Indeed, the acquisition of thermal images on rock masses could be an efficient tool for identifying fractures and voids, thus detecting signs of potential failures.<br>Further tests of thermal cameras on rock masses could help to evaluate the applicability, advantages and limits of the IRT technology for characterizing rock masses in different geological settings.<br>We present some results of IRT surveys carried out in the coastal area of Polignano a Mare (southern Italy), and their correlation with other remote sensing techniques (i.e. <em>Terrestrial Laser Scanning</em> and <em>Structure from Motion</em>). The case study (<em>Lama Monachile</em>) is represented by a 20 m-high cliff made up of Plio-Pleistocene calcarenites overlying Cretaceous limestones. Conjugate fracture systems, karst features, folds and faults, were detected in the rock mass during field surveys. In addition, dense vegetation and anthropogenic elements, which at places modified the natural setting of the rock mass, represent relevant disturbances for the characterization of the rock mass. In this context, IRT surveys were added to the other techniques, aimed at detecting the major discontinuities and fractured zones, based on potential thermal anomalies. <br>IRT surveys were carried out in December 2020 on the east side of the rock mass at <em>Lama Monachile</em> site. Thermal images were acquired every 20 minutes for 24 hours by means of a FLIR T-660 thermal imager mounted on a fixed tripod. Ambient air temperature and relative humidity were measured during the acquisition with a pocketsize thermo-hydrometer. A reflective paper was placed at the base of the cliff to measure the reflected apparent temperature. In addition, three thermocouple sensors were fixed to the different lithologic units of the rock face. These parameters, together with the distance between the FLIR T-660 and the rock face, were used in order to calibrate the thermal imager and correct the apparent temperatures recorded by the device, during the post-processing phase. Successively, vertical profiles showing the temperature of the rock face over time were extracted from the thermograms. Thermal anomalies were correlated with stratigraphic and Geological Strength Index profiles, obtained by means of field surveys and Structure from Motion techniques. The presence of fracture and voids in the rock mass was also investigated.</p>

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