Increased Temperature of Malignant Urinary Bladder Tumors In Vivo: The Application of a New Method Based on a Catheter Technique

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of any thermal difference between malignant tumors and inflammatory benign lesions of the human urinary bladder and to determine whether it correlates with tumor angiogenesis quantification. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A new method, developed in our institute, is introduced to detect temperature in human urinary bladder, in vivo. This method is based on a thermography catheter. We calculated the differences of the temperature of the solid tumor and of a normal area (ΔT) on 20 subjects (mean age, 72.5 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68.5 to 76.4). According to the biopsy histology, Eight (40%) patients had benign tumors, and 12 (60%) had malignant tumors. RESULTS: We found significant differences of ΔT between patients with benign and malignant tumor (P < .001). Also, differences were found for the mean values of angiogenesis level between malignant and benign tumors (P = .0261), and a moderated positive correlation was estimated between the degree of angiogenesis and ΔT (P = .02). Based on logistic regression analysis, we found that a 1-degree increase of ΔT triples the odds of a patient having a malignant tumor (odds ratio = 2.91; 95% CI, 1.97 to 7.78; P < .001), adjusted for the degree of angiogenesis (P = .0236) and the grade of tumor (P < .001). A threshold point of ΔT = 0.7°C was determined, with sensitivity 83% and specificity 75%. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the calculated difference of temperature between normal tissue and neoplastic area could be a useful criterion in the diagnosis of malignancy in tumors of the human urinary bladder.

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Harmonic motion imaging of human breast masses: an in vivo clinical feasibility

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-71960-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Niloufar Saharkhiz ◽

Richard Ha ◽

Bret Taback ◽

Xiaoyue Judy Li ◽

Rachel Weber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Cancerous Tissue ◽

Breast Masses ◽

Harmonic Motion ◽

Harmonic Motion Imaging ◽

Motion Imaging

Abstract Non-invasive diagnosis of breast cancer is still challenging due to the low specificity of the imaging modalities that calls for unnecessary biopsies. The diagnostic accuracy can be improved by assessing the breast tissue mechanical properties associated with pathological changes. Harmonic motion imaging (HMI) is an elasticity imaging technique that uses acoustic radiation force to evaluate the localized mechanical properties of the underlying tissue. Herein, we studied the in vivo feasibility of a clinical HMI system to differentiate breast tumors based on their relative HMI displacements, in human subjects. We performed HMI scans in 10 female subjects with breast masses: five benign and five malignant masses. Results revealed that both benign and malignant masses were stiffer than the surrounding tissues. However, malignant tumors underwent lower mean HMI displacement (1.1 ± 0.5 µm) compared to benign tumors (3.6 ± 1.5 µm) and the adjacent non-cancerous tissue (6.4 ± 2.5 µm), which allowed to differentiate between tumor types. Additionally, the excised breast specimens of the same patients (n = 5) were imaged post-surgically, where there was an excellent agreement between the in vivo and ex vivo findings, confirmed with histology. Higher displacement contrast between cancerous and non-cancerous tissue was found ex vivo, potentially due to the lower nonlinearity in the elastic properties of ex vivo tissue. This preliminary study lays the foundation for the potential complementary application of HMI in clinical practice in conjunction with the B-mode to classify suspicious breast masses.

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Localized 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of large pediatric brain tumors

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1990.72.1.0065 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Leslie N. Sutton ◽

Robert E. Lenkinski ◽

Bruce H. Cohen ◽

Roger J. Packer ◽

Robert A. Zimmerman

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Normal Brain ◽

Content Type ◽

Metabolic Fingerprint

✓ Fourteen children aged 1 week to 16 years, with a variety of large or superficial brain tumors, underwent localized in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of their tumor. Quantitative spectral analysis was performed by measuring the area under individual peaks using a computer algorithm. In eight patients with histologically benign tumors the spectra were considered to be qualitatively indistinguishable from normal brain. The phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate ratio (PCr/Pi) averaged 2.0. Five patients had histologically malignant tumors; qualitatively, four of these were considered to have abnormal spectra, showing a decrease in the PCr peak. The PCr/Pi ratio for this group averaged 0.85, which was significantly lower than that seen in the benign tumor group (p < 0.05). No difference between the two groups was seen in adenosine triphosphate or phosphomonoesters. It is concluded that a specific metabolic “fingerprint” for childhood brain tumors may not exist, but that some malignant tumors show a pattern suggestive of ischemia.

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Primary Cardiac Rhabdomyosarcoma in a child -- A case report

10.22541/au.160674686.67846790/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

KRISHNA PRASAD MARAM ◽

Vikram Kudumula ◽

Dilip Ratti

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Left Ventricle ◽

Right Ventricle ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Right Atrium ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Cardiac Tumors ◽

Cardiac Rhabdomyosarcoma ◽

Primary Cardiac Tumors

Primary cardiac tumors are rare in children, usually consist of benign tumors like rhabdomyomas and fibromas that may spontaneously regress. Primary malignant tumors are extremely rare even in adults and very few paediatric cases were reported in literature. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare primary malignant tumor in children and most of the reported cases occur in right ventricle, left atrium and right atrium. We report a 15 month old child with primary rhabdomyosarcoma of left ventricle presenting in cardiac tamponade and circulatory failure.

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Spontaneous Rupture of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report

Clinical Oncology and Research ◽

10.31487/j.cor.2020.08.06 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Richa Chauhan ◽

Gyanendra Singh ◽

Upendra Prasad Singh

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Spontaneous Rupture ◽

Renal Mass ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ct

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an uncommon malignant tumor of the kidney, particularly in the Asian population. It is more commonly seen in an elderly male patient with typical complains of haematuria, flank pain and lump. Recently incidental diagnosis of small RCCs has been rising due to increased used of abdominal imaging for other reasons. Spontaneous rupture of a renal mass leading to large perinephric collection and presenting as an acute pain abdomen in an adult male is a rare finding but should be considered as a differential diagnosis. The most common cause of spontaneously ruptured renal mass includes benign tumor as angiomyolipoma followed by malignant tumor like RCC, vascular causes, coagulation defects and infection in other cases. Contrast enhanced CT scan is the most common imaging modality used for diagnosis. Initial resuscitation depending up on the patient’s general condition followed by nephrectomy for malignant tumors and embolization for benign tumors is the treatment of choice.

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The magnetic resonance shutter speed discriminates vascular properties of malignant and benign breast tumors in vivo

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.0711226105 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 105 (46) ◽

pp. 17943-17948 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Wei Huang ◽

Xin Li ◽

Elizabeth A. Morris ◽

Luminita A. Tudorica ◽

Venkatraman E. Seshan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Tumors ◽

Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Implicit Assumption ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Dce Mri ◽

Two Parameters ◽

Shutter Speed

The pharmacokinetic analysis of dynamic-contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI data yields Ktrans and kep, two parameters independently measuring the capillary wall contrast reagent transfer rate. The almost universally used standard model (SM) embeds the implicit assumption that equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange is effectively infinitely fast. In analyses of routine DCE-MRI data from 22 patients with suspicious breast lesions initially ruled positive by institutional screening protocols, the SM Ktrans values for benign and malignant lesions exhibit considerable overlap. A form of the shutter-speed model (SSM), which allows for finite exchange kinetics, agrees with the SM Ktrans value for each of the 15 benign lesions. However, it reveals that the SM underestimates Ktrans for each of the seven malignant tumors in this population. The fact that this phenomenon is unique to malignant tumors allows their complete discrimination from the benign lesions, as validated by comparison with gold-standard pathology analyses of subsequent biopsy tissue samples. Likewise, the SM overestimates kep, particularly for the benign tumors. Thus, incorporation of the SSM into the screening protocols would have precluded all 68% of the biopsy/pathology procedures that yielded benign findings. The SM/SSM difference is well understood from molecular first principles.

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Mutant p53 facilitates somatic cell reprogramming and augments the malignant potential of reprogrammed cells

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20100797 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 207 (10) ◽

pp. 2127-2140 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

Rachel Sarig ◽

Noa Rivlin ◽

Ran Brosh ◽

Chamutal Bornstein ◽

Iris Kamer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Malignant Potential ◽

Cell Reprogramming ◽

Mutant P53 ◽

Somatic Cell Reprogramming ◽

Aggressive Tumors

p53 deficiency enhances the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming to a pluripotent state. As p53 is usually mutated in human tumors and many mutated forms of p53 gain novel activities, we studied the influence of mutant p53 (mut-p53) on somatic cell reprogramming. Our data indicate a novel gain of function (GOF) property for mut-p53, which markedly enhanced the efficiency of the reprogramming process compared with p53 deficiency. Importantly, this novel activity of mut-p53 induced alterations in the characteristics of the reprogrammed cells. Although p53 knockout (KO) cells reprogrammed with only Oct4 and Sox2 maintained their pluripotent capacity in vivo, reprogrammed cells expressing mutant p53 lost this capability and gave rise to malignant tumors. This novel GOF of mut-p53 is not attributed to its effect on proliferation, as both p53 KO and mut-p53 cells displayed similar proliferation rates. In addition, we demonstrate an oncogenic activity of Klf4, as its overexpression in either p53 KO or mut-p53 cells induced aggressive tumors. Overall, our data show that reprogrammed cells with the capacity to differentiate into the three germ layers in vitro can form malignant tumors, suggesting that in genetically unstable cells, such as those in which p53 is mutated, reprogramming may result in the generation of cells with malignant tumor-forming potential.

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The Function of the Urinary Bladder In Vivo in the Freshwater Rainbow Trout

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.155.1.567 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 155 (1) ◽

pp. 567-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

B. JAMES CURTIS ◽

CHRIS M. WOOD

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Bladder Epithelium ◽

Surrounding Water ◽

Catheter Technique ◽

Peg 4000 ◽

Catheterization Technique ◽

Urine Composition ◽

Urine Storage ◽

Excretion Rates

Two different approaches were employed to examine the possible urine storage and ionoregulatory functions of the urinary bladder in vivo in the freshwater trout. An indirect approach, using non-catheterized fish, involved ‘spot sampling’ from the bladder to determine urine composition and measurement of PEG-4000 release into surrounding water to quantify urination events. The direct approach employed a new external catheterization technique to collect naturally discharged urine. Both methods demonstrated that trout urinate in intermittent bursts at 20–30 min intervals, and that natural urine flow rate is at least 20% lower and urinary Na+ and Cl− excretion rates at least 40% lower than those determined by the traditional internal bladder catheter technique. The urine is stored for approximately 25 min prior to discharge, and significant ionic reabsorption via the bladder epithelium occurs during this period; a small residual volume is always likely to be retained. We conclude that previous studies using internal bladder catheterization have underestimated the ionoregulatory effectiveness of the entire renal system by preventing the function of the urinary bladder.

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Epidemiology of benign and malignant tumors in children in the Republic of Moldova (1 year of activity-2020)

Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Medical Sciences ◽

10.52692/1857-0011.2021.2-70.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 8-23

Author(s):

Gheorghe Tibirna ◽

◽

Eva Gudumac ◽

Ion Mereuta ◽

Silvia Railean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Oncology ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Dental Surgery ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

The Republic ◽

Chemotherapeutic Treatment

The work was carried out within the State Program (1 year of activity-2020); „Modern personalized surgery in the diagnosis and complex treatment of tumors in children” N. 20.80009.8007.06. Analyzing the statistical data during the first year of activity of the project were registered 777 children with tumors, of which 279 (35.2%) primary and 498 (64.8%) – secondary. Of the 777 children, 455 (58.5%) had benign tumors and 97 (12.4%) had malignancies, 231 (29.7%) patients underwent surgical treatment, 455 (58.5%) chemotherapeutic treatment, 13 (1.9%) radiotherapy. Since March 2020, we have been active under the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We have developed a special proce- dure for the prevention of coronavirus infection. The COVID-19 pandemic is a new situation, unprecedented for the whole world, with many unknowns, including for the field of Pediatric Oncology and Dental Surgery. First of all, we highlight the adult or child oncological ill patient – as an emergency patient, therefore, the child with the malignant tumor must be treated urgently. Therefore, the treatment of oncological ill patients was conditionaly devided into 3 groups. Group I – primary patients with a diagnosis of malignant tumor, histologically confirmed, who must undergo treat- ment. Postponing this treatment is more dangerous than coronavirus. The treatment should be conducted under pandemic conditions: at distance, using disinfectants, masks, visiting relatives prohibition. Group II – pediatric patients, who at the beginning of the pandemic were at the treatment stage (chemo- or radiother- apy). If the concrete situation allows, the treatment continues. Hormone injection therapy can be performed at home by the specialized team (doctor and nurse). Group III – consisting of children – patients, who have undergone treatment and currently have no signs of disease, but require monitoring. These patients must be in quarantine. Oncological ill patients are considered to have compromised immunity. In adolescent and children, immunity is rela- tively good if there are no serious diseases such as systemic diseases. The tactics must be personalized, strictly individual. During 2020 we performed 3 types of surgical interventions in pediatric oncology: typical surgeries, enlarged surger- ies, combined surgeries.

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THYROID CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH MILTINODULAR GOITER

Russian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.18821/1028-9984-2017-22-5-246-249 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 246-249

Author(s):

M. N Kulikova ◽

Tatyana N. Popova ◽

A. S Tolstokorov ◽

E. U Osincev ◽

E. N Kurochkina

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Multinodular Goiter ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Functional Effect ◽

Morphological Examination ◽

Aged People ◽

Malignant And Benign Tumors

The incidence rate of thyroid cancer is increasing, especially among young and middle-aged people. In most cases a malignant tumor can be diagnosed at the background of multinodular goiter. Differential diagnosis of malignant and benign tumors of the thyroid presents considerable difficulties. In this situation the decision on the extent of the surgical intervention seems to be important. In the article there are described features of the diagnosis and the choice of the surgical intervention for thyroid cancer associated with multinodular goiter. The morphological examination is the decisive method of diagnosis. The decision on the extent of the operative measure should be both individualized for each particular patient and proceed from the principles of oncological radicalism and functional effect.

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