Lipogranulomas of the mammary glands: diagnosis and treatment

Steatonecrosis of the mammary gland is necrosis of its adipose tissue, followed by replacement with scar tissue. Lipogranuloma is known as a benign inflammatory process, necrosis of breast fat occurs due to iatrogenic breast trauma. Most often, fatty necrosis is seen in women with large breasts – in women with small breasts, it develops much less often. It is important to diagnose lipogranulomas because it can often mimic breast cancer. Fat necrosis of the breast is a common pathological condition, with a wide variety of presentations on mammography, ultrasound and MRI. The incidence of fatty necrosis of the breast is estimated at 0.6%, representing 2.75% of all breast lesions.

Anaplastic ependymoma

The authors present a clinical case of anaplastic ependymoma in a 6-year-old child with the clinical manifestations of intracranial hypertension syndrome with evolutionary hydrocephaly and cerebellar-atactic syndrome. CT and brain MRI investigation as well as histology were essential in establishing multimodal treatment. 11 references, 3 pictures.

Intraductal cystadenopapillomas of the mammary glands: diagnosis and treatment

About one in two women has symptoms of breast formation. According to various data, the frequency of detection of benign pathologies of the mammary gland is much higher compared to the frequency of referring women to the doctor with these pathologies. Benign tumors of the mammary gland are characterized by a slow, expansive growth (compresses the neighboring tissue), are well encapsulated, most are the result of hormonal changes (hyperestrogenemia, hyperprolactinemia), after excision rarely recur, do not invade local tissues and do not metastasize to others. organs. The basic treatment is surgery – excision of the breast formations. Recurrences rarely occur, do not invade adjacent tissues and do not metastasize to other organs.

The argumentation of the use of CBCT examination in endodontic treatment

Purpose: to provide an overview in optimizing endodontic treatment using CBCT imaging. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the role of CBCT in the assessment of patients with periododontic disease. 2. Comparison of 2D imaging protocols (OPG, retroalveolar radiological film) image quality, information and commonly used radiation dose. Studying the literature and after analyzing our own clinical cases we argued the value of CBCT in endodontic treatment.

Breast cancer at minors: methodology and clinical

This article highlights the importance of clinical and methodological aspects of the mammary gland tumors of the girls, and it is based on the study conducted between 2013-2020 in the University Clinic and Pediatric Oncology Department of the INSP IO. The stake of this study was to argue the frequency of the fibroadenomas and phylloid tumors.

Theoretical and practical training program for complex cases in implantology, dento-alveolar surgery, OMF and complex oral rehabilitation

Theoretical and practical training program for complex cases in implantology, dento-alveolar surgery, OMF and complex oral rehabilitation. With Romania’s accession to the European Union, the opportunity arose to finance through non-reimbursable funds theoretical and practical training programs for teachers of Romanian dental faculties. Faculty of Dentistry, U.M.F. „Grigore T. Popa” Iași won, through POSDRU programs, a series of projects for obtaining European funds that allowed the initiation of training courses in the field of oral rehabilitation (prosthetics, implantology, dental-alveolar surgery, OMF surgery, oral rehabilitation complex). The courses included training and advanced training programs in the latest information and innovative technologies in the areas listed. Also, through these projects, the Faculty of Dentistry was equipped with a series of updated equipment and technologies.

Epidemiology of benign and malignant tumors in children in the Republic of Moldova (1 year of activity-2020)

The work was carried out within the State Program (1 year of activity-2020); „Modern personalized surgery in the diagnosis and complex treatment of tumors in children” N. 20.80009.8007.06. Analyzing the statistical data during the first year of activity of the project were registered 777 children with tumors, of which 279 (35.2%) primary and 498 (64.8%) – secondary. Of the 777 children, 455 (58.5%) had benign tumors and 97 (12.4%) had malignancies, 231 (29.7%) patients underwent surgical treatment, 455 (58.5%) chemotherapeutic treatment, 13 (1.9%) radiotherapy. Since March 2020, we have been active under the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We have developed a special proce- dure for the prevention of coronavirus infection. The COVID-19 pandemic is a new situation, unprecedented for the whole world, with many unknowns, including for the field of Pediatric Oncology and Dental Surgery. First of all, we highlight the adult or child oncological ill patient – as an emergency patient, therefore, the child with the malignant tumor must be treated urgently. Therefore, the treatment of oncological ill patients was conditionaly devided into 3 groups. Group I – primary patients with a diagnosis of malignant tumor, histologically confirmed, who must undergo treat- ment. Postponing this treatment is more dangerous than coronavirus. The treatment should be conducted under pandemic conditions: at distance, using disinfectants, masks, visiting relatives prohibition. Group II – pediatric patients, who at the beginning of the pandemic were at the treatment stage (chemo- or radiother- apy). If the concrete situation allows, the treatment continues. Hormone injection therapy can be performed at home by the specialized team (doctor and nurse). Group III – consisting of children – patients, who have undergone treatment and currently have no signs of disease, but require monitoring. These patients must be in quarantine. Oncological ill patients are considered to have compromised immunity. In adolescent and children, immunity is rela- tively good if there are no serious diseases such as systemic diseases. The tactics must be personalized, strictly individual. During 2020 we performed 3 types of surgical interventions in pediatric oncology: typical surgeries, enlarged surger- ies, combined surgeries.

References to dental hypoplasia

Hypoplasia is assigned to a primary defect of the ameloblast that transitory secretes an abnormal substance incapable of normal mineralization. Once the action of the dystrophic factor slows down, the ameloblast resumes normal function. The growth lines, Retzius striations, of the hypoplasia area are more pronounced, and the width of this area corresponds to the duration of action of the dystrophic factor.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the temporal bone

We present a 6-year-old child, hospitalized in MSPI Institute of Mother and Child, Emilian Coţaga Clinic, Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Department, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, with primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) of the temporal bone, with paresis of facial nerve.

The management of brain tumors at children

Brain tumors are a severe form of pathologies, that are more common in children and it is associated with hydrocephali. The long term effects of central nervous system therapy for children with brain tumors have been the subject of research since the 1970. Many studies have demonstrated that children treated for brain tumors with surgery and standard radiation therapy have developed intellectual decline which is progressive over at least a decade. Risk factors for the cognitive deterioration have been identified and include: perioperative complications, hydrocephalus, high radiation dose, large volume radiation, chemotherapy (especially methotrexate), vasculopaty and young age at the time of treatment. The purpose of research: Study of surgical treatment applied to children with brain tumors hydrocephalus by implementing and perfecting the surgical treatment. Material and methods: We used data of 2018-2019 period, in the Children Clinical Hospital „V. Ignatenco”, of the Republic of Moldova, which shows the structure of morbidity through malign and benign tumors with associated hydrocephalus at prematures population. Results: Since 2018-2019 were diagnosed 13 children. The average age was: 1 child(0,76 %) 0-1 years old, 5 children (38,46 %) 2-5 years old, 2 children (15,38 %) 6-10 years old and 5 children (38,46 %)11-17 years old. From 13 children, 2 children (15,38 %) were inoperable. The incidence was 10 boys (76,92%) and 3 girls (23,07%). There were complications: malign hipertermia, anemia, cranial nerves damages (facial asymmetry, palpebral ptosis), hemiparesis, intraventricular bleeding. Conclusions: The morbidity was common in boys, average age was 2-5 and 11-17 years old. Chidrenswere operated in two ways. There were complications since intraoperatory and postoperatory period.