Pathways impact on chemotherapy administration before death.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
Marcus A. Neubauer ◽  
Jody S. Garey ◽  
Brian Turnwald ◽  
Josh Howell ◽  
Robyn K. Harrell ◽  
...  

86 Background: Continuing IV chemotherapy (chemo) in patients (pts) with advanced cancer near death does not extend survival or improve quality, but does increase costs. Pathways (PW) programs have compared treatment (tx) costs but have not evaluated the impact on chemo given near death. The primary goal is to evaluate IV chemo administered in the last 14 and 30 days of life in pts treated On vs. Off-PW. Methods: Eligibility: in US Oncology’s (USO) iKnowMed (iKM) EHR 7/1/09-6/30/12; diagnosis (dx) of breast, colon, NSCLC, SCLC or pancreas cancer; >/=3 visits to a USO clinic; assessed for Level I PW compliance in the last 12 mths of life; and a date of death. IV chemo received in the last year of life was assessed. Pts were defined On-PW if all tx was On-PW or if pts did not receive IV chemo 12 mths before death (best supportive care). Pts were Off-PW if any tx received was Off-PW. PW-status, age, sex, dx, and last line of therapy (LOT) received were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess if PW status predicted likelihood of chemo within 14 and 30 days of death. Results: 12,551 pts met inclusion criteria. PW status was independently associated with chemo 14 and 30 days before death. Pts treated Off-PW had 2-fold higher odds of receiving IV chemo within 14, 30 days of death vs. pts treated On-PW (OR: 2; 95% CI: 1.8-2.3, OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 2-2.4), see Table. Findings were similar for each dx. Tx for pts On-PW vs Off-PW showed lower mean last LOT overall (1 vs. 2) and by dx. Conclusions: Pts On-PW were less likely to receive IV chemo within 14 and 30 days of death and had fewer LOT. This suggests adherence to Level I PWs is associated with improved quality metrics. [Table: see text]

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6580-6580
Author(s):  
Marcus A. Neubauer ◽  
Jody S. Garey ◽  
Brian Turnwald ◽  
Robyn K. Harrell ◽  
Josh Howell ◽  
...  

6580 Background: Continuing IV chemotherapy (chemo) in patients (pts) with advanced cancer near death neither extends survival nor improves quality, but does increase costs. Pathways (PW) programs have focused on comparing treatment (tx) costs but have not evaluated the impact on chemo given near death. The primary goal is to evaluate IV chemo administered in the last 14 days of life for pts treated On-PW vs. Off-PW. Methods: Eligible pts: in US Oncology’s (USO) iKnowMed (iKM) EHR; diagnosis (dx) of breast, colon, NSCLC, SCLC or pancreas cancer; >/=3 visits to a USO clinic; assessed for Level I PW compliance in the last 12 mths of life; and a documented date of death. IV chemo received in the last year of life was assessed. Pts were defined On-PW if all tx was On-PW or if pts did not receive IV chemo 12 mths before death (best supportive care). Pts were defined Off-PW if any tx received was Off-PW. PW-status, age, sex, dx, and last line of therapy (LOT) received were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess if PW status predicted likelihood of chemo within 14-days of death. Results: From 7/1/09-6/30/12, 12,551 pts met inclusion criteria. PW status was independently associated with chemo 14 days before death. Pts treated Off-PW had a two-fold higher odds of receiving IV chemo within 14 days of death compared to pts treated On-PW (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.77-2.26), see the Table. Findings were similar for each dx. Tx for pts On-PW vs Off-PW showed lower mean last LOT overall (1 vs. 2) and by dx. Conclusions: Pts On-PW were less likely to receive IV chemo within 14 days of death and had fewer LOT. This suggests adherence to Level I PWs is associated with improved quality metrics. [Table: see text]


2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Recio ◽  
Mikel Mancheño ◽  
Esther Viedma ◽  
Jennifer Villa ◽  
María Ángeles Orellana ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Whether multidrug resistance (MDR) is associated with mortality in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections (BSI) remains controversial. Here, we explored the prognostic factors of P. aeruginosa BSI with emphasis on antimicrobial resistance and virulence. All P. aeruginosa BSI episodes in a 5-year period were retrospectively analyzed. The impact in early (5-day) and late (30-day) crude mortality of host, antibiotic treatment, and pathogen factors was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of 243 episodes, 93 (38.3%) were caused by MDR-PA. Crude 5-day (20%) and 30-day (33%) mortality was more frequent in patients with MDR-PA (34.4% versus 11.3%, P < 0.001 and 52.7% versus 21.3%, P < 0.001, respectively). Early mortality was associated with neutropenia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 9.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.40 to 24.9; P < 0.001), increased Pitt score (aOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.34 to 4.36; P = 0.003), respiratory source (aOR, 3.23; 95% CI,2.01 to 5.16; P < 0.001), inadequate empirical therapy (aOR, 4.57; 95% CI, 1.59 to 13.1; P = 0.005), shorter time to positivity of blood culture (aOR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.97; P = 0.010), an exoU-positive genotype (aOR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.31 to 9.79; P = 0.013), and the O11 serotype (aOR, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.20 to 11.1; P = 0.022). These risk factors were similarly identified for late mortality, along with an MDR phenotype (aOR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.04 to 4.58; P = 0.040). Moreover, the O11 serotype (15.2%, 37/243) was common among MDR (78.4%, 29/37) and exoU-positive (89.2%, 33/37) strains. Besides relevant clinical variables and inadequate empirical therapy, pathogen-related factors such as an MDR phenotype, an exoU-positive genotype, and the O11 serotype adversely affect the outcome of P. aeruginosa BSI.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Jae Lee ◽  
Sam-Sae Oh ◽  
Dal-Soo Lim ◽  
Suk-Keun Hong ◽  
Rak-Kyeong Choi ◽  
...  

Background. The use of anticoagulant therapy (ACT) in patients with acute infective endocarditis (IE) remains a controversial issue. Our study attempts to estimate the impact of ACT on the occurrence of embolic complications and the usefulness of ACT in the prevention of embolism in IE patients.Methods. The present authors analyzed 150 patients with left-sided IE. Embolisms including cerebrovascular events (CVE) and the use of ACT were checked at the time of admission and during hospitalization.Results. 57 patients (38.0%) experienced an embolic event. There was no significant difference in the incidence of CVE and in-hospital mortality between patients with and without warfarin use at admission, although warfarin-naïve patients were significantly more likely to have large (>1 cm) and mobile vegetation. In addition, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postadmission embolism and in-hospital death between patients with and without in-hospital ACT. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, ACT at admission was not significantly associated with a lower risk of embolism in patients with IE.Conclusions. The role of ACT in the prevention of embolism was limited in IE patients undergoing antibiotic therapy, although it seems to reduce the embolic potential of septic vegetation before treatment.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 834-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Yi ◽  
Danielle Zielinski ◽  
Bichun Ouyang ◽  
James Conners ◽  
Rima Dafer ◽  
...  

BackgroundMost patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke need to be transferred to receive thrombectomy. To save time, the decision to transfer often relies on clinical scales as a surrogate for LVO rather than imaging. However, clinical scales have been associated with high levels of diagnostic error. The aim of this study is to define the susceptibility to overdiagnosis of our current transfer decision process by measuring the rate of non-treatment transfers, the most common reasons for no treatment and potential predictors.MethodsClinical and transfer data on consecutive patients transferred to a single endovascular capable centre for possible thrombectomy via stroke code activation were retrospectively reviewed. Whether patients underwent the procedure, why they did not undergo the procedure, and other clinical and logistical predictors were recorded. χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.ResultsFrom 2015 to 2016, 105/192 transferred patients (54%) did not undergo thrombectomy and the most common reason was absence of a LVO found on CTA after transfer (71/104 (68%)). 14/16 (88%) with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score <10 did not undergo thrombectomy while 41/78 (52%) with a NIHSS>20 underwent thrombectomy (p<0.001). Helicopter use was associated with no treatment (p=0.004) while arrival within 5 hours was associated with treatment (p<0.001).ConclusionsClinical scales appear to overdiagnose LVO and may be responsible for the majority of our stroke code transfers not undergoing thrombectomy. Primary stroke centres therefore have reason to develop the capability to rapidly acquire and interpret a CTA in patients with suspected LVO prior to transfer. Such efforts may reduce the costs associated with unnecessary thrombectomy transfers.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Lin ◽  
Yanxia Qian ◽  
Xin Wu ◽  
Qiushi Chen ◽  
Qiang Ding ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective: To investigate the outcomes of fetuses or neonates of pregnant women with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Study design: 6, 148 pregnant women were prospectively enrolled in the study. Of these women, 103 with a PVC burden >0.5% were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of adverse fetal or neonatal events. The adverse outcomes were compared between the groups to assess the impact of PVCs on pregnancy. Results: A total of 17 adverse events (12 cases) occurred among 103 pregnant women with PVCs, which was significantly higher than that among women without PVCs (11.65% vs. 2.93%, p<0.01). The median PVC burden among pregnant women with PVCs was 2.84% (1.02% to 6.1%). Furthermore, compared with that of the women without adverse events, the median PVC burden of women with adverse fetal or neonatal outcomes was significantly higher (9.02% vs. 2.30%, p<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that PVC burden was associated with adverse fetal or neonatal outcomes among pregnant women with PVCs (OR: 1.34, 95% CI (1.11-1.61), p<0.01). Conclusions: Frequent PVCs have adverse effects on pregnancy, and the PVC burden might be an important factor associated with adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women with PVCs. Our cohort study indicated that the higher the PVC burden is, the higher the likelihood of adverse events would be.


Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanina Bongard ◽  
Jacques Puel ◽  
Dominique Savary ◽  
Sandrine Charpentier ◽  
Loic Belle ◽  
...  

In ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), coronary recanalisation is a prerequisite for deriving benefit from thrombolysis, but achieving myocardial reperfusion is also key to benefit. Data regarding the impact of thrombolysis on myocardial reperfusion are scarcer than for recanalisation, especially when pre-hospital thrombolysis is considered. To develop a nomogram for predicting myocardial reperfusion after pre-hospital thrombolysis. In 2004 – 05, 800 consecutive French patients with STEMI received pre-hospital thrombolysis within 6 hours of symptom onset (median delay of 110 minutes). The assessment of myocardial reperfusion was based on the measurement of ST resolution (STR) between a first electrocardiogram (ECG), recorded before thrombolysis, and a second one in the cath laboratory. Myocardial reperfusion was assessed when STR was 70%, at least, in the single lead with the greatest baseline ST-elevation. The sample comprised 18% of women and median age was 59. The median delay between the two ECGs was 110 minutes. The proportion of patients who achieved STR was 42%. The nomogram was based on the variables that were independently associated with STR in multivariate logistic regression analysis. For instance, a non-obese smoker patient, with a non-anterior STEMI and a maximum ST-elevation of 2 mm, for whom thrombolysis is possible within 1 hour of symptom onset, together with the administration of a thienopyridine, but no IV nitrates, has a probability of 0.87 to achieve STR. If thrombolysis is delayed after one hour, without thienopyridine administration, in case of anterior STEMI, the probability declines to 0.50. The probabilities of STR for the different situations covered by the nomogram range from 0.10 to 0.87. This nomogram, developed in a “real world” setting, is designed to predict a priori the probability of myocardial reperfusion following thrombolysis, based on simple clinical and electrocardiographic data.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shun Xu ◽  
Jie Cheng ◽  
Meng-yun Cai ◽  
Li-li Liang ◽  
Jin-ming Cen ◽  
...  

CXCL16 has been demonstrated to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction (MI). Nonetheless, the role of the CXCL16 polymorphisms on MI pathogenesis is far to be elucidated. We herein genotyped four tagSNPs in CXCL16 gene (rs2304973, rs1050998, rs3744700, and rs8123) in 275 MI patients and 670 control subjects, aimed at probing into the impact of CXCL16 polymorphisms on individual susceptibility to MI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that C allele (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.03–1.66, and P=0.029) and CC genotype (OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.11–3.06, and P=0.018) of rs1050998 were associated with increased MI risk; and C allele (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.60–0.98, and P=0.036) of rs8123 exhibited decreased MI risk, while the other two tagSNPs had no significant effect. Consistently, the haplotype rs2304973T-rs1050998C-rs3744700G-rs8123A containing the C allele of rs1050998 and A allele of rs8123 exhibited elevated MI risk (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.02–1.96, and P=0.037). Further stratified analysis unveiled a more apparent association with MI risk among younger subjects (≤60 years old). Taken together, our results provided the first evidence that CXCL16 polymorphisms significantly impacted MI risk in Chinese subjects.


SICOT-J ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Winkelmann ◽  
Ada Luise Butz ◽  
Jan-Dierk Clausen ◽  
Richard David Blossey ◽  
Christian Zeckey ◽  
...  

Introduction: Reliable diagnosis of shock in multiply injured patients is still challenging in emergency care. Point-of-care tests could have the potential to improve shock diagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of admission blood glucose on predicting shock in multiply injured patients.Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of patients with an injury severity score (ISS) ≥ 16 who were treated in a level I trauma center from 01/2005 to 12/2014 was performed. Shock was defined by systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mmHg and/or shock index ≥ 0.9 at admission. Laboratory shock parameters including glucose were measured simultaneously. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.Results: Seven hundred and seventy-two patients were analyzed of whom 93 patients (12.0%) died. Two hundred and fifty-nine patients (33.5%) were in shock at admission. Mortality was increased if shock was present at admission (18.1% vs. 9.0%,p < 0.001). Mean glucose was 9.6 ± 4.0 mmol/L if shock was present compared to 8.0 ± 3.0 mmol/L (p < 0.001). Admission glucose positively correlated with shock (Spearman rho = 0.2,p < 0.001). Glucose showed an AUC of 0.62 (95% CI [0.58–0.66],p < 0.001) with an optimal cut off value of 11.5 mmol/L. Patients with admission glucose of > 11.5 mmol/L had a 2.2-fold risk of shock (95% CI [1.4–3.4],p = 0.001). Admission blood glucose of > 11.5 mmol/L positively correlated with mortality too (Spearman rho = 0.65,p < 0.001). Patients had a 2.5-fold risk of dying (95% CI [1.3–4.8],p = 0.004).Discussion: Admission blood glucose was proven as an independent indicator of shock and mortality and, therefore, might help to identify multiply injured patients at particular risk.


2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1225-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Cocco ◽  
C Sardu ◽  
P Gallo ◽  
R Capra ◽  
MP Amato ◽  
...  

Background Improved prognosis in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing immunosuppressive treatment with mitoxantrone (MITO) has led to an increased interest in the effect of such treatments on fertility. FErtility and Mitoxantrone In MS (FEMIMS) is a collaborative retrospective study aimed at evaluating the impact of MITO treatment on fertility in women with MS. Methods Occurrence of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA) was evaluated in 189 women with MS treated with MITO before the age of 45. An “ad hoc” questionnaire, paying particular attention to onset of CIA either during or post-MITO treatment, was administered to each patient. The probability of CIA was calculated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis taking into account age at exposure, cumulative dose, and use of estroprogestinic (EP) drugs during treatment. Results Forty-eight (26%) patients presented CIA following MITO. The probability of CIA was increased by 2%/mg/m2 of cumulative dose and by 18% for each year of age, whereas it was reduced by administration of EP during treatment. Conclusions MITO treatment may affect reproductive capacity in women with MS. Patients of childbearing age should be properly counseled before MITO treatment and EP therapy should be administered to reduce the risk of CIA.


Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 554-554
Author(s):  
Peter A Riedell ◽  
Kristen M. Sanfilippo ◽  
Katiuscia O'Brian ◽  
Weijian Liu ◽  
Suhong Luo ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction: Previous studies in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have demonstrated that higher treatment dose intensity is associated with improved survival. Race-based differences in dose intensity may contribute to outcome differences. In order to better understand the relationship between dose intensity and race, we performed a retrospective analysis of veterans examining demographic and clinical factors associated with dose intensity in patients with DLBCL. Methods: Patients diagnosed with DLBCL between October 1, 1998 and December 31, 2008 and treated within the VHA system with CHOP or CHOP-like regimens (+/- rituximab) were identified in the VA Central Cancer Registry. Data on age, sex, race, stage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), B-symptoms, body mass index, HIV status, co-morbidities, medications, and socioeconomic status were obtained. Average relative dose intensity (ARDI) was calculated for the use of cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin in patients who received CHOP chemotherapy. Univariate analysis was performed to explore demographic and clinical characteristics dichotomized by ARDI < or ≥ 80%. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify baseline factors associated with receiving treatment with an ARDI ≥ 80%. Results: 1575 DLBCL patients who received doxorubicin and survived more than 5 months after treatment initiation were identified. On univariate analysis, patients who received ARDI <80% were more likely to be older (66.1 vs 61.2, p=<0.001), have advanced stage disease (58.9% vs 52.7%, p=0.015), have systemic B-symptoms (51.7% vs 45.5%, p=0.002), have more co-morbidities (mean co-morbidity score 2.4 vs 1.7, p=<0.0001), have HIV (7.5% vs 3.3%, p=0.0002), less likely to receive rituximab (73.5% vs 79.1%, p=0.008), and were more likely to be from the lowest estimated household income quartile (25.5% vs 21.8%, p=0.03). While not statistically significant on univariate analysis, patients receiving lower ARDI were slightly more likely to be Black (13.8% vs 10.6%, p=0.053). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors associated with reduced odds of receiving treatment with an ARDI ≥ 80% included: Black race, (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.44 – 0.87), age (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.95 – 0.97), HIV positive status (OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.14 – 0.40), and presence of B-symptoms (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.59 – 0.93). Conclusion: After controlling for the other identified variables, Black patients were significantly less likely to receive an ARDI of ≥ 80%. The reasons for this finding are unknown from this analysis. Future efforts to reduce racial outcome disparities in NHL could include efforts to understand the underlying causes of chemotherapy dose reductions and delays in racial minority populations, which were present in the VHA, an equal access healthcare system. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


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