Epidemiology and survival of small cell carcinoma of gastrointestional tract: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database review.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 518-518
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Kumar ◽  
Srinath Sundararajan ◽  
Haiyan Cui ◽  
Hitendra Patel ◽  
Emad Elquza
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Incidence Pattern ◽  
The Difference

518 Background: Small cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract is an uncommon histology. Limited literature is available to clinicians about the incidence, distribution and prognosis of small cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract (SCGIT). We reviewed the Survival, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) database of National Cancer Institute to understand its epidemiology and prognosis. Methods: SEER database was reviewed for patients with histologically confirmed SCGIT (8041-45) and its variants in the GIT between 2002-2007 (all stages). Variables included were age, gender, race, primary site and disease specific survival. The incidence pattern across race, gender, and site of origin for SCGIT was investigated. Chi square test was used to assess the difference of incidence pattern. 5-yr survival rate across various sites was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and the difference in 5-yr survival was tested by log-rank test. If the significant difference is detected, the paired comparison was performed and the p-values were adjusted by Tukey multiple-comparison method. Results: A total of 645 patients were included. The distribution of SCGIT was: colorectal (30.08%), esophagus (22.17%), pancreas (20.16%), hepatobiliary (11.63%), stomach (9.61%) and NOS (6.63%). The incidence pattern of SCGIT in males and female was significantly different (p < 0.0008). Males had a higher incidence of esophagus; stomach and pancreas while females had a higher incidence of hepatobiliary, colorectal and NOS sites. Five-year survival of SCGIT was significantly associated with the primary site of disease (p = 0.03). Paired-comparison results showed that the 5-yr survival rate for patients with pancreas small cell cancer was significantly lower than patients with stomach or NOS(4.80% -pancreas vs 5.22 %-stomach and 12.81% - NOS) (p = 0.04 and p = 0.003 respectively). There was not a significant difference between other sites. Conclusions: Small cell carcinoma of the GI tract has difference in incidence patterns between genders. The 5-yr survival of patients with pancreatic small cell carcinoma is significantly lower as compared to stomach or NOS.

scholarly journals Immune Exclusion Is Frequent in Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Mandelkow ◽  
Niclas C. Blessin ◽  
Eva Lueerss ◽  
Laura Pott ◽  
Ronald Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Urothelial Carcinomas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cell Bladder Cancer

Small-cell cancer of the urinary bladder is a rare but highly aggressive disease. It is currently unclear whether immune checkpoint therapies that have been approved for urothelial carcinomas will also be efficient in small-cell carcinomas. In this study, we analyzed potential predictors of response including PD-L1 expression and the quantity and location of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 12 small-cell and 69 “classical” urothelial cancers by immunohistochemistry. The analysis revealed that small-cell carcinomas were characterized by the virtual absence of PD-L1 expression and an “immune-excluded” phenotype with only a few TILs in the center of the tumor (CT). In small-cell carcinomas, the average immune cell density in the CT (CD3: 159±206, CD8: 87±169 cells/mm2) was more than 3 times lower than that in the urothelial carcinomas (CD3: 625±800, p<0.001; CD8: 362±626 cells/mm2, p=0.004) while there was no significant difference in the immune cell density at the invasive margin (IM) (small-cell carcinomas CD3: 899±733, CD8: 404±433 cells/mm2; urothelial carcinomas CD3: 1167±1206, p=0.31; CD8: 582±864 cells/mm2, p=0.27). Positive PD-L1 staining was found in 39% of urothelial cancers, but in only 8% of small-cell bladder cancer cases (p=0.04). Concordant with these data, a sharp decrease of PD-L1 positivity from >80% to 0% positive cells and of TILS in the CT from 466-1063 CD3-positive cells/mm2 to 50-109 CD3-positive cells/mm2 was observed in two cancers with clear-cut progression from “classical” urothelial to small-cell carcinoma. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that small-cell bladder cancer commonly exhibits an immune-excluded phenotype.

Primary genitourinary small cell carcinoma: Clinicopathologic and survival outcomes from SEER database.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 200-200
Author(s):  
R. Thota ◽  
S. Birdsong ◽  
S. Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality

200 Background: Small cell carcinoma of genitourinary system (SCC) is a highly aggressive and rare entity. The aim of the study is to characterize the clinicopathologic characteristics and evaluate the treatment outcomes of SCC in adult patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 732 patents diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of bladder from 1973 to 2007 was done via SEER database. Demographics, stage, type of treatment received and cancer-specific mortality were examined. Results: 732 patients were identified with SCC of genitourinary tract of which 341 were small cell bladder cancer, 336 were small cell prostate cancer and 55 were small cell renal cancer. Of these 644 patients were males and 88 were females. Median age of diagnosis is 73 years for bladder, 72 years for prostate and 70 years for renal cancer. Majority of the patients were Caucasians (89%) followed by African Americans (6%) and other races (4.98%). Grading of the tumor revealed that 12 patients had well differentiated tumor, 18 patients had moderately differentiated tumor, 191 patients had poorly differentiated, 292 patients had undifferentiated tumor and 219 patients had unknown grade. Pathological T-stages were as follows: T1= 34 (4.6%), T2= 102 (14%), T3= 43 (9%), T4= 41 (5.6%), 38.4% unknown T stage and 67 (9%) patients had metastatic disease. In majority of the patients the treatment received was unknown (565), 90 patients received external beam radiation, and 76 patients received surgery. Cancer-specific mortality was 54% in bladder cancer, 71% in prostate cancer and 78.6% in renal cancer. Median overall survival for all stages was 15.8 months in bladder cancer, 11.3 months in prostate cancer and 8 months in renal cancer. Conclusions: Results show that SCC is a highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. Clinical trials involving multiple institutes are needed to accrue enough patients so that treatment paradigms for this uncommon disease can be developed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Expression of cadherins, p53, and BCL2 in small cell carcinomas of the cervix: Potential tumor suppressor role for N-cadherin

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Zarka ◽  
A. C. Han ◽  
M. I. Edelson ◽  
N. G. Rosenblum
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Cadherin

Cadherins are tissue-specific cell adhesion molecules that function as tumor suppressors. Analysis of cadherin expression is useful for differentiation of tumor histogenesis, and because they serve as markers of tumor behavior and prognosis. Since the pattern of cadherin expression is not well characterized for small cell carcinoma of the cervix, we examined cases of these tumors for expression of cadherins, and two other oncoproteins p53 and BCL2. Four cases of small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas were identified from the Gynecologic Oncology Service with diagnoses confirmed by immunohistochemistry for neuroendocrine markers. Archival paraffin blocks were studied by heat-enhanced immunohistochemistry using commercially available antibodies specific for E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, p53, and BCL2. Sections were examined for specific membrane staining of cadherins, nuclear staining of p53, and cytoplasmic staining of BCL2. E-cadherin was expressed in three of four cases, P-cadherin in one of four, and N-cadherin in none of four cases. P53 was expressed in one of four cases and BCL2 in one of four cases. The four cases showed three different patterns of immunohistochemical staining for the five oncoproteins. Specifically, two cases expressed E-cadherin only; one case lacked all three cadherins, was negative for BCL2, and was only positive for p53; and one case expressed E- and P-cadherin and BCL2. Prior studies of other neuroendocrine and small cell tumors of other organs showed E-cadherin expressed in 98% (42 /43), N-cadherin in 65% (28/43), and P-cadherin in 40% (17/43) of cases. Additionally, one case of vaginal small cell carcinoma showed expression of all three cadherins. The only significant difference between cervical primaries and other primary sites is that N-cadherin was not detected in our four cases vs. 65% expression in other sites (P < 0.001). We conclude that cadherin and oncoprotein profiles in small cell carcinoma of the cervix are different in the four cases analyzed. Additional cases need to be studied to determine the specificity and frequency of these oncoprotein profiles for small cell carcinoma of the cervix. These may possibly represent different oncogenic pathways in development of small cell cancer of the cervix. Also, our results suggest that N-cadherin may be a tumor suppressor gene in these tumors.

Cisplatin plus Vindesine versus Cisplatin plus VP16 versus Doxorubicin plus Cytoxan in Non-Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung. A Randomized Study

1986 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Paccagnella ◽  
Alba Brandes ◽  
Giovanni L. Pappagallo ◽  
Giuliana Simioni ◽  
Vinicio P. Fosser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Response

From March 1981 to January 1984, 116 patienst with advanced non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCCL) were randomly assigned to 3 combinations as follows: CDDP + DVA, CDDP + VP16 and DXR + CTX. 94 patients were evaluable for response, 106 for toxicity and survival. Of 31 patients, 15 (48%; 3 CRs and 12 PRs) responded to CDDP + DVA; of 33 patients, 12 (36%, 2 CRs and 10 PRs) responded to CDDP + VP16; of 30 patients, 3 (10%) obtained a PR with DXR+CTX (CDDP+DVA vs DXR + CTX, P < 0.005; CDDP + VP16 vs DXR + CTX, P < 0.05; CDDP + DVA vs CDDP + VP16, P = NS). The median duration of response was 22 weeks in the CDDP-DVA group, 17 weeks in the CDDP-VP16 group, and 16 weeks in the DXR+CTX group. No significant difference in survival was observed among the 3 groups (median: 43, 47, 41 weeks, respectively). Hematologic and neurologic toxicities were significantly higher in the DVA-containing regimen. Despite the lack of improvement of overall survival with the CDDP-containing combinations over the DXR + CTX control group, the good response rate makes them suitable to be used in combined therapeutic strategies.

Small cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A comparative study by primary site based on population data

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (8) ◽  
pp. 1785-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Kuan ◽  
Jose E. Alonso ◽  
Bobby A. Tajudeen ◽  
Armin Arshi ◽  
Jon Mallen-St. Clair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Primary Site

Differences in survival among non-urothelial bladder cancers: Analyses of SEER 1988-2008.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 425-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanny B. Aragon-Ching ◽  
Donald Henson
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
Incident Cases

425 Background: Non-urothelial cancers of the urinary bladder are rare, and typically < 5% incidence. They are generally considered more aggressive without clear guidelines for treatment. Methods: Incident cases of non-urothelial bladder cancers that included squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma and sarcomas were identified in the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) Database. Demographic information, pathologic characteristics and 5-year disease-specific survival were calculated and compared using multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: A total of 235,537 incident cases of bladder carcinomas were identified in the years 1998 – 2008, of which 3096 cases were squamous cell carcinoma, 1175 were neuroendocrine carcinoma where small cell carcinomas made up the majority with 859 patients, 671 was comprised of adenocarcinomas, representing 0.28%, and sarcomas were 88 cases, making up 0.03% of all cases combined. The majority of patients were White (90%) although more African-Americans (15%) were seen with adenocarcinoma. The table shows the number of cases and 5-year survival according to stage. Median survival was greatest for adenocarcinoma at 179 months with a 5–year survival rate of 58%, followed by sarcomas with a median survival of 23 months, with a 5-year survival rate of 47%, followed by squamous cell carcinomas with a median survival time of 15 months and a 5-yr survival rate of 37% and the least favorable survival was for small cell carcinoma, 17 months median time, with a 5-yr survival rate of 31%. Conclusions: Non-urothelial cancers have a uniformly less favorable survival compared to urothelial cancers, highlighting the need for improved therapeutic strategies in these cohorts of patients. [Table: see text]

Prognostic Importance of the Lymph Node Factor in Surgically Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (02) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagatay Tezel ◽  
Talha Dogruyol ◽  
Levent Alpay ◽  
Mustafa Akyıl ◽  
Serdar Evman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Node Factor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Patients with N1 non-small cell lung cancer represent a heterogeneous population. The aim of this study is to determine the difference of survival rate between subtypes of N1 disease in surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer patients and to compare the survival in these patients with multi-N1 and single N2 (skip metastasis) disease. Methods Patients who underwent anatomical pulmonary resection in our institution between 2007 and 2014 with a pathological diagnosis of N1 and single N2 positive non-small cell lung cancer were included in the study. N1 positive patients were divided into three groups as single hilar; single interlobar, lobar, or segmental; and multiple N1 positive patients. These groups were compared among themselves as well as with incidentally found single N2 patients. Results A total of 1,742 patients who had non-small cell lung cancer underwent anatomical lung resection. The survival was better in single hilar lymph nodes than other subtypes of N1 disease (p = 0.015). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of survival between the other subtypes of N1 disease (p = 0.332). The difference in survival for single N2 disease compared with multi-N1 was not statistically significant (p = 0.054). Also, when we divided the groups as single and multi-N1, there was a significant difference in survival (p = 0.025). Conclusion Single hilar lymph nodes with direct invasion have better survival rate than other subtypes of N1. Also, patients with multiple N1 positive lymph nodes have similar survival results compared with single N2 patients. Our results should be confirmed with larger series to better explain N1 disease.

scholarly journals Population-based analysis of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus using the SEER database

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3529-3538
Author(s):  
Jiangyan Li ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Jianyong Niu ◽  
Lin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Esophagus

scholarly journals Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx: A Report of Two Cases and Review of Nine Additional Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiko Nakahira ◽  
Kiyomi Kuba ◽  
Satoko Matsumura ◽  
Masashi Sugasawa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Rare Site ◽  
Systemic Agents

Objective. Two patients with primary small cell carcinoma (SmCC) of the hypopharynx, an extremely rare site for the occurrence of SmCC, are reported and nine additional well-documented cases are reviewed. Methods. Case report and review of the literature concerning primary SmCC of the hypopharynx. Results. On the final analysis, we reviewed eleven cases of primary SmCC of the hypopharynx. The tumors contained mixed elements of SmCC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in six (55%) of eleven patients. Out of eleven patients, two patients had distant metastasis at the initial presentation. Even though nine patients presented with locoregional disease, development of distant metastasis after treatment was seen in five patients (56%), whereas there was no report of treatment failure on the primary site. To achieve more than two-year survival, patients should have received more than 4 cycles of chemotherapy. Conclusion. We report two cases of primary SmCC of the hypopharynx with a review of the literature. In more than half of the cases, combined carcinomas with SCC are seen. Because this tumor has a strong propensity for distant metastasis even in patients with clinically localized tumor, new powerful systemic agents should be explored.

The expression and clinical significance of clusterin and ki67 in cervical cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16554-e16554
Author(s):  
E. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Ki67 Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Expression Rate

e16554 Background: To explore the expression pattern and clinical significance of the CLU and proliferation indices ki67 in cervical cancer. Methods: 59 cases treated at Cancer Center Sun Yat-sen University during 1989–2006 were enrolled in the study group. The relationship was analyzed for the expressions of CLU and Ki67 with clinical factors. Results: In this study positivity of CLU in cervical SCC, 10% (3/31) cases weak positive, adenocarcinoma 21% (4/19) weak positive in small cell carcinoma 11% (1/9) moderate positive. Control groups, CLU weak positive expression, 21% (3/14) CIN 2–3 and 14% (2/13) normal squamous epithelium.CLU expression found 100% (31/31) normal endocervical glands.The Ki67 in SCC 13% (4/31) cases weak positive and 5% (1/19) adenocarcinoma. All cases small cell carcinoma revealed negative. No significant difference of the CLU expression rate between normal cervical epithelium, CIN II-III and SCC (p = 0.561). No significant difference of CLU expression rate between normal endocervical gland and adenocarcinoma (p = 0.119) as well. In Ki67, there was no significant difference of Ki67 rates between CIN 2–3 and normal squamous epithelium (p = 0.585). No significant difference of Ki67 expression rates between adenocarcinoma and normal squamous epithelium (p = 0.341). The expression of CLU and Ki67 had no correlation with FIGO stage, SCC antigen level, grade of differentiation, deep stromal invasion, and lymph node metastasis. Finally, the expression of CLU and Ki67 was not related to the 5-years DFS rates, and CLU expression was not correlated with Ki67 expression (rs = 0.500, p = 0.391). Conclusions: CLU and Ki67 was in lower rates in cervical cancer, and was not associated with any clinicopathological features. It is suggested that CLU and Ki67 have no distinct role in carcinogenesis. The further larger studies are needed to verify the results of this study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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