Single-dose fosaprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in lung cancer patients receiving carboplatin-based therapies.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21685-e21685
Author(s):  
Cindy Weinstein ◽  
Karin Jordan ◽  
Stuart Green ◽  
Saleem A. Khanani ◽  
Elizabeth Beckford-Brathwaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
End Point ◽  
Control Regimen ◽  
Delayed Phase ◽  
Oral Ondansetron

e21685 Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a distressing symptom of cancer treatment; in lung cancer, carboplatin is commonly used. In a post hoc analysis, we explored prevention of CINV in lung cancer patients with a single-day triple-antiemetic fosaprepitant (FA) regimen compared with a standard 3-day control regimen. Methods: This was a phase 3, global, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study in adults scheduled to receive an intravenous (IV) dose of ≥1 moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) on treatment day 1 (NCT01594749). Subjects were randomly assigned 1:1 to a control or FA regimen. The control regimen consisted of 8 mg oral ondansetron, 20 mg dexamethasone, and IV saline as placebo before the first dose of MEC on day 1, and 8 mg oral ondansetron 8 hours after the first dose and every 12 hours on days 2 and 3. The FA regimen consisted of the same dose of oral ondansetron on day 1, along with 12 mg dexamethasone and a single dose of 150 mg IV FA before the first dose of MEC on day 1, with no additional prophylactic antiemetic beyond day 1. The primary end point was complete response (CR; no vomiting or rescue medication) in the delayed phase (25-120 hours). Results: Overall, 1000 subjects were included in the intention-to-treat population (FA: n = 502; control: n = 498). The primary end point was met ( P < 0.001; FA vs control). In a subset of 254 subjects with lung cancer (71% male), 129 in FA regimen and 125 in control regimen, most (98%) received carboplatin-based chemotherapy. CR in the delayed phase was achieved by 80.6% in the FA group and 74.4% in the control group (difference, 6.2%). More subjects had no vomiting episodes in the FA (85.3%) vs control (78.4%) groups within the delayed phase (difference, 6.9%), and overall time-to-first vomiting episode was longer for subjects in the FA group. Adverse events (AEs) were similar between groups: overall AEs occurred in 57.7% and 54.8%, and serious AEs occurred in 12.3% and 12.1% in the FA and control groups, respectively. No serious AEs were considered related to study medication. Conclusions: A single-day IV FA regimen is effective for preventing CINV in patients with lung cancer receiving carboplatin. Clinical trial information: NCT01594749.

The Effects of Acupressure on Meridian Energy as well as Nausea and Vomiting in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Hsiang Shen ◽  
Li-Yu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Nurses ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Nausea and vomiting are the most common side effects of antineoplastic chemotherapy. However, only a small number of studies have been conducted in Taiwan to determine the efficacy of acupressure in treating these side effects in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. In this quasi-experimental study, we aimed to explore the effects of acupressure on meridian energy as well as nausea and vomiting in 70 lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Patients were assigned to the experimental or control group based on order of hospital admission. The experimental group received acupressure on “Neiguan (PC6)” and “Gongsun (SP4)” points, and the control group received sham acupoint patches on “Houxi (SI3)” point. The results showed that the mean meridian energy in the experimental group after acupressure was significantly higher than in the control group ( F = 28.71, p < .001). The experimental group had significantly less nausea ( p < .001) and vomiting ( p = .006) during the delayed phase than the control group. In conclusion, acupressure significantly increased the mean meridian energy and effectively decreased the severity of nausea and vomiting in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We recommend that clinical nurses provide acupressure as an intervention to relieve nausea and vomiting in patients receiving chemotherapy.

scholarly journals miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in human plasma evaluate the clinical stages of lung cancer and play a role as a tumor suppressor in lung tumorigeneisis not pathogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youchao Jia ◽  
Aimin Zang ◽  
Yanguang Feng ◽  
Xiao-Fang Li ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

<p class="Abstract">It was aimed to explore the expression level of miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in the plasma of lung cancer patients and analysis their differences in expre-ssion. The expression level of both miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in the plasma of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were lower than that of the control group (p&lt;0.05) and the decrease was more obvious in NSCLC. Compare with the miRNA-499，expression quantity in NSCLC patients plasma. There was statistical significance difference (p&lt;0.05) between III～Ⅳstage and I～II stage. The expression quantity of miRNA in plasma of patients with extensive-stage SCLC was lower than that of patients with limited-stage SCLC (p&lt;0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of plasms miRNA-486 respectively were 88.5% and 83.3%. The expression of miRNA-499 and miRNA-486 in lung cancer patients were up-regulated, and might be closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of lung cancer, and might be used as potential screening and prognosis index for lung cancer.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Effect of respiratory training apparatus and vibration expectoration vest on expectoration in patients with lung cancer resection

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jing Guo ◽  
Li-Li Wei ◽  
Xin-Hui Li ◽  
Ning- Ning Yu ◽  
Shao-Bo Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Pulmonary Atelectasis ◽  
Cancer Resection ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Respiratory Training

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to explore the safe and effective method of expectoration in the preoperative period of patients with lung cancer resection and to promote the rehabilitation of patients. Methods A total of 100 cases of lung cancer patients undergoing elective surgery were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with vibration expectoration vest for expectoration during the perioperative period, and the observation group was treated with respiratory function exerciser that has expectoration function in the perioperative period, three times a day, and the effect was evaluated after 5 days. Results The number of patients in the observation group after the first expectoration time was significantly less than that of the control group (P<0.001). Pain score, pulmonary atelectasis, and pulmonary infection rate of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group; the hospitalization time was significantly shorter than that of the control group; and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Lobectomy for lung cancer patients with perioperative respiratory training for respiratory function exercise, compared with conventional methods, is helpful for postoperative expectoration and to reduce the incidence of adverse events.

Microarray study of gene expression profiles in peripheral blood samples from lung cancer patients before and after erlotinib treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19072-e19072
Author(s):  
A. Irigoyen ◽  
C. Olmedo ◽  
J. Valdivia ◽  
A. Comino ◽  
C. Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

e19072 Background: The gene expression profile in peripheral blood samples from lung cancer patients is a potential predictor to treatment response. Methods: The study has been developed using 10 healthy volunteers as the control group and 10 lung cancer patients (stage IV). Written informed consent was obtained being the protocol approved by the local Clinical Research and Ethics Committee. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from lung cancer patients before (T0) and after treatment (T15d). RNA from peripheral blood samples was extracted and purified selecting 28S/18S ratios>1.5 to obtain cDNA and cRNA for hybridization of the 20,000 genes included in Human 20K CodeLink. An array from each participant was obtained in duplicate. For each array, 2 μg of cRNA was compared to 2 μg of healthy cRNA.. Significant genes were found using Significance Analysis of Microarrays which uses repeated permutations of the data. Results: The selected genes were expressed >3-fold with a false discovery rate =0.05. Before treatment (T0) when patients were compared to healthy volunteers there was an increase in the expression of: histone 1 H4c, transforming growth factor beta 2, endothelial cell growth factor 1 (platelet-derived), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic 2, Relaxin 3 receptor 1, Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2, RAS-like family 11 member B, and ELK4. After treatment (T15d), when each lung cancer patient's results were compared to their own before treatment results (T0), there was an increase in the expression of: Bcl2, myosin light polypeptide 4; interferon alpha-inducible protein 27; interferon gamma receptor 1; RASSF5, ARHGEF6, IGFBP5, tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 1, peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma. Conclusions: The data presented identifies biologically relevant over-expressed genes in lung cancer. A validation of these results and the analysis of the genes that identify patients who will respond positively to erlotinib treatment is being carried out. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Brain metastasis in lung cancer: Are there any predictive risk factors?

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21740-e21740
Author(s):  
Salma Ait Batahar
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Moment

e21740 Background: Lung cancer is the first cause of death by cancer worldwide. Brain metastases in lung cancer are associated to an even poorer prognosis of this cancer. Identifying patients with a higher risk of developing brain cancer may help their prognosis by including systematic brain radiotherapy to their treatment. But what are risk factors of brain metastasis occurrence in lung cancer patients? Methods: To answer this question, we conducted a case control study comparing two groups of lung cancer patients. The cases group included 35 lung cancer patients with brain metastasis at the moment of diagnosis while the control group was made of 49 lung cancer patient with no brain metastasis at the moment of diagnosis. Many parameters were compared between the two groups such as: professional exposure, type and duration of smoking, medical history, clinical and radiological presentation as well as the histological type of the carcinoma. Results: The mean age was 56 for the cases group and 61 for the control group. Nonsmokers represented 14% in the cases group and 4% in the control group. The average smoking was 34 pack-year for the cases group and 31 pack-year for the control group and in both groups 51% of patients smoked a mixture of tobacco and Cannabis. 36% of the control group patients had an exposure to a professional carcinogen while 48% of the cases group patients had one. Digital clubbing was found in 62% of cases group patients and in 51% of the control group patients. 17% of the cases group patients had two more metastases outside the lungs and other than the brain ones while this rate was only 6% for the control group patients. The mean level of LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) was 340 U/L for the cases group and 342 U/L for the control group while the CRP (C- reactive protein) one was 78 mg/L for the cases group and 59 mg/L for the control group. The main histological type found in both groups was Adenocarcinoma (25% in the cases group and 18% in the control group) followed by the poorly differentiated carcinoma in the cases group and the squamous cell carcinoma in the control group. Small cell carcinoma was found in 5% of the patients with brain metastases and in 8% of the patients without brain metastases. Conclusions: Patients with brain metastases have a higher professional carcinogens exposure, a higher percentage of nonsmokers, more digital clubbing, and higher CRP levels than patients with no brain metastases. They also have more than one metastasis at the moment of the diagnosis and the predominant histological types are Adenocarcinoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma.

scholarly journals INTESTINAL MICROBIOCENOSIS AND CYTOKINE STATUS IN LUNG CANCER PATIENTS RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Margarita Yu. Serkova ◽  
E. B Avalueva ◽  
I. G Bakulin ◽  
S. I Sitkin
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Microbiocenosis

In patients with oncological diseases chemotherapy leads to the damage of a mucous membrane of gastrointestinal tract, as well as to a deterioration of the intestinal microbiocenosis. The article presents the changes in intestinal microbiocenosis in lung cancer patients, chemotherapy, the nature of the influence appointed in the schemes of the treatment of lung cancer, impact of anticancer drugs on the state of the intestinal microflora, and the improvement of technologies of treatment of lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on the basis of supplementation of the complex therapy by the probiotics Material and methods. 41 lung cancer patient receiving the first line of the first cycle of chemotherapy was included. The age of patients varied from 49 to 73 years, the average duration of the disease was 1 year. Patients from the main group (n = 21) received probiotics treatment together with the chemotherapy course. Patients from the control group (n = 20) received only chemotherapeutic preparations. All patients were observed before and after treatment, the study of metabolites of intestinal microorganisms in blood was performed by the method of the gas-liquid chromatography - mass-spectrometry by G.A. Osipov’s method, determination of cytokine status multiplex method. The efficiency of probiotic therapy was evaluated by results of the dynamics of studied indices. Results. The deterioration in intestinal microflora was manifested as the decreased quantity of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and increased quantity of different pathogenic microorganisms. It was noted decreased rate in the improvement of composition intestinal microflora after the treatment course with the metabiotic. Conclusion. Using of metabiotic medicines with the chemotherapy in lung cancer patients is promising to prevent deterioration of the gut microflora.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis in patients with lung cancer: a retrospective analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEI CHAI ◽  
Qingming Shi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis

Abstract Background Lung tuberculosis (TB) and cancer have a complex relationship. Data concerning TB treatment in lung cancer patients are still incomplete. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment responses of lung tuberculosis in lung cancer patients. Methods In a retrospective cohort study, lung cancer patients with tuberculosis were identified between January 2013 and December 2016. These patients were divided into a TB treatment group and a TB nontreatment group. Age- and sex-matched lung cancer patients without tuberculosis were selected as control subjects. The clinical courses and responses of patients with and without tuberculosis were examined and compared. Results A total of 98 consecutive lung cancer patients were diagnosed with lung tuberculosis (47 patients in the TB treatment group and 51 patients in the TB nontreatment group). Fifty-one lung cancer patients without TB were enrolled as control subjects. Most patients in the three groups were elderly, had advanced non-small cell lung cancer and had tumor burdens. Compared with patients in the TB nontreatment group, the patients in the TB treatment group had more active TB (66% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.001) and were newly diagnosed (55.3% vs. 23.5%, p < 0.001). The anti-cancer chemotherapy response rate in the TB nontreatment group was not different from that in the TB treatment group (58.8% vs. 76.6%, p = 0.061), but it was significantly lower than that in the lung cancer group (58.8% vs. 88.2%, p < 0.001). The median survival times of patients in the TB treatment group, TB nontreatment group and cancer patients (control group) were not different (56, 55 and 58 weeks, respectively). No significant differences in serious side effects of chemotherapy were observed among the three groups. Conclusion Both anticancer and antituberculosis treatments can be safely and effectively administered in lung cancer patients with tuberculosis. Attention should be paid to the risk of tuberculosis in lung cancer patients in tuberculosis high-burden countries.

scholarly journals Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Blood to Distinguish Lung Cancer Patients from Healthy Subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Xuming Zhu ◽  
Huizhu Song ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Feifei Han ◽  
Qiong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Level Group

Objective. Inflammation-driven markers play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in blood are systemic inflammatory response markers. Some reports have showed that NLR and PLR are related to a poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. However, little studies have reported whether NLR and PLR can be diagnostic markers for lung cancer. The aim of the current study is to investigate the roles of NLR and PLR in diagnosing lung cancer. Methods. This study analyzed data from lung cancer patients and healthy individuals in Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University. The Mann–Whitney U test was performed to compare differences between the lung cancer group and the control group. Based on white blood cell (WBC) counts, both lung cancer patients and healthy individuals were divided into the low-level group, moderate-level group, and high-level group. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare differences of NLR and PLR among those groups with different WBC counts. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess correlations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to determine diagnostic accuracy. Results. 210 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and 261 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Levels of NLR and PLR increased in the lung cancer group compared with the control group ( P < 0.001 ). For the lung cancer group, NLR levels could rise with the increasing of WBC levels ( P < 0.001 ) while PLR levels had no significant variation with the increasing of WBC levels ( P = 0.206 ). For the control group, NLR levels could rise with the increasing of WBC levels ( P < 0.001 ) while PLR levels would decline with the increasing of WBC levels ( P < 0.001 ). In the lung cancer group, both NLR and PLR had no significant correlations with aspartate transaminase, urea, and glucose. The area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of NLR and PLR to distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy subjects was, respectively, 0.684 (0.634-0.735) and 0.623 (0.571-0.674). When NLR and PLR were combined, AUC (95% CI) increased to 0.691 (0.642-0.740). Conclusions. NLR and PLR alone have moderate ability to distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy subjects. Furthermore, combination forms of NLR and PLR can improve diagnostic ability.

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