The impact of patient room design on airborne hospital-acquired infections

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Copeland ◽  
A Sharag-Eldin
Keyword(s):  
Patient Room ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Room Design ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Highly sensitive detection of Staphylococcus aureus by a THz metamaterial biosensor based on gold nanoparticles and rolling circle amplification

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 26824-26833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Yang ◽  
Wenjing Yu ◽  
Guorong Huang ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Xiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Food Borne Illness ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

A highly sensitive method for detecting Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is urgently needed to reduce the impact and spread of hospital-acquired infections and food-borne illness.

The Impact of Hospital-Acquired Infections on the Microbial Etiology and Prognosis of Late-Onset Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

CHEST Journal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 764-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rivas ◽  
Julio Alonso ◽  
Javier Moya ◽  
Miguel de Górgolas ◽  
Jorge Martinell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prosthetic Valve ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Microbial Etiology ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals An effect of single high dose of vitamin D3 on the risk of nosocomial infections, hospitalization time and mortality in hospitalized elderly population. A preliminary report

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dorota Leszczyńska ◽  
Agata Tuszyńska ◽  
Magdalena Zgliczyńska ◽  
Wojciech Zgliczyński ◽  
Waldemar Misiorowski
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Single High Dose ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Observational studies indicate a significant impact of serum 25(OH)D concentration on incidence of hospital-acquired infections. However, we did not find any interventional study assessing the effect of vitamin D3 administration at the admission on the course of further hospitalization in internal medicine departments. Objective of the paper: Investigation of the impact of one-time high-dose vitamin D3 administration in elderly patients on the day of urgent admission to the hospital, on hospital-acquired infections. Materials and methods: A randomized, two-arms, open pilot study in 97 adults aged 60-100. A study group was given a single dose of 60,000 IU vitamin D3 and a control group was not subject to any intervention. Serum 25(OH)D and calcium were measured at the baseline and after 7 days. Results: 77.32% of studied patients were vitamin deficient, and among those, in 28.87% severe vitamin D deficiency was found. After single administration of 60,000 IU of vitamin D3, only 4 patients achieved recommended serum 25(OH)D concentration. The highest increase in serum 25(OH)D was observed in patients with severe deficiency. Numbers of observed nosocomial infections such as flu, hospital-acquired pneumonia or Klebsiella pneumoniae MBL+ infection did not differ significantly between study and control group, however there was a trend close to significance for lower incidence of Clostridium difficile infection in the vitamin D3 group. Conclusions: Preliminary results of the presented research indicate possible protective effect of single high dose of vitamin D3 against Clostridium difficile infection during hospitalization. Further research on larger group of patients, using higher dose of vitamin D3 is necessary.

scholarly journals Public Health Impact of Hospital-Acquired Infections on Traumatic Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ektha Parchuri ◽  
Roopa Koduri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

Blunt traumatic injuries leading cause of death, with TBI and hemorrhage >91% of all deaths, amounting to $37.8 billion per year. Traumatic patients are at high risk for developing infection, where infected patients are more likely to have been ventilated or have had multiple surgical procedures, exposing to ventilatorassociated pneumonia and other infections. Elevated cytokine levels post-infection affect patient mortality, making it a large public health issue. Lack of data centered around gender and ethnicity confounds the impact of this disease. Large Pittsburgh hospitals with capacity >300 report worse infection ratings than US baseline measures. Risk factors for infection including age and duration of hospital stay, directly affecting severity of traumatic injury. Infection should not be viewed as a confounder impacting mortality but rather an outcome arising from trauma.

Variables and Outcomes in Patient Room Design: A Study of Design Hypotheses

2020 ◽  
pp. 193758672095495
Author(s):  
Valerie Greer ◽  
Emily Johnson ◽  
Josephine Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Patient Room ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Room Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Clinical Interactions ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Research was conducted to evaluate the correlation between design hypotheses and performance outcomes in single-occupancy patient rooms. Background: Health environments host complex interactions between patients and clinicians, and patient rooms offer a unique lens to understanding the impact of design on interactions and outcomes. This places importance on articulating, measuring, and assessing design hypotheses. This study of documented strategies and measured outcomes in patient room design investigates the relationship between design variables and clinical interactions. Methods: Design hypotheses were identified for the strategic approach to four key elements of patient room design: the room configuration, charting location, personal protective equipment (PPE) supply, and mobile supply cart. Researchers collected observational data from existing and newly constructed patient rooms in order to evaluate performance outcomes related to design hypotheses. Results: Observation data supported hypotheses behind three of the four design components and revealed greater insight into how design variables impacted interactions in patient rooms. Conclusions: The study identified a distinction between “fixed” design elements, such as the configuration of the patient room, and “dynamic” elements such as the design of the mobile cart. This was more prevalent in evaluating the use of supply carts and PPE cabinets, which may be more influenced by training, while the room configuration and charting location require little training to benefit both clinicians and patients. This study points to the value of research that evaluates correlations between design hypotheses and outcomes in healthcare design.

scholarly journals Higher Frequency of Hospital-Acquired Infections but Similar In-Hospital Mortality Among Admissions With Alcoholic Hepatitis at Academic vs. Non-academic Centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waleed ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdallah ◽  
Yong-Fang Kuo ◽  
Juan P. Arab ◽  
Robert Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Academic Status ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Charges

BackgroundAlcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a unique syndrome characterized by high short-term mortality. The impact of the academic status of a hospital (urban and teaching) on outcomes in AH is unknown.MethodsNational Inpatient Sample dataset (2006–2014) on AH admissions stratified to academic center (AC) or non-academic center (NAC) and analyzed for in-hospital mortality (IHM), hospital resource use, length of stay in days (d), and total charges (TC) in United States dollars (USD). Admission year was stratified to 2006–2008 (TMI), 2009–2011 (TM2), and 2012–2014 (TM3).ResultsOf 62,136 AH admissions, the proportion at AC increased from 46% in TM1 to 57% in TM3, Armitage trend, p < 0.001. On logistic regression, TM3, younger age, black race, Medicaid and private insurance, and development of acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) were associated with admission to an AC. Of 53,264 admissions propensity score matched for demographics, pay status, and disease severity, admissions to AC vs. NAC (26,622 each) were more likely to have liver disease complications (esophageal varices, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy) and hospital-acquired infections (HAI), especially Clostridioides difficile and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Admissions to AC were more likely transfers from outside hospital (1.6% vs. 1.3%) and seen by palliative care (4.8% vs. 3.3%), p < 0.001. Use of endoscopy, dialysis, and mechanical ventilation were similar. With similar IHM comparing AC vs. NAC (7.7% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.93), average LOS and number of procedures were higher at AC (7.7 vs. 7.1 d and 2.3 vs. 1.9, respectively, p < 0.001) without difference on total charges ($52,821 vs. $52,067 USD, p = 0.28). On multivariable logistic regression model after controlling for demographics, ACLF grade, and calendar year, IHM was similar irrespective of academic status of the hospital, HR (95% CI): 1.01 (0.93–1.08, p = 0.70). IHM decreased over time, with ACLF as strongest predictor. A total of 63 and 22% were discharged to home and skilled nursing facility, respectively, without differences on academic status of the hospital.ConclusionAdmissions with AH to AC compared to NAC have higher frequency of liver disease complications and HAI, with longer duration of hospitalization. Prospective studies are needed to reduce HAI among hospitalized patients with AH.

Hospital-acquired infections in Belgian acute-care hospitals: an estimation of their global impact on mortality, length of stay and healthcare costs

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. VRIJENS ◽  
F. HULSTAERT ◽  
S. DEVRIESE ◽  
S. VAN DE SANDE
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
National Level ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYAssessing the overall burden of disease which can be attributed to hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) remains a challenge. A matched cohort study was performed to estimate excess mortality, length of stay and costs attributable to HAIs in Belgian acute-care hospitals, using six matching factors (hospital, diagnosis-related group, age, ward, Charlson score, estimated length of stay prior to infection). Information was combined from different sources on the epidemiology and burden of HAIs to estimate the impact at national level. The total number of patients affected by a HAI each year was 125 000 (per 10·9 million inhabitants). The excess mortality was 2·8% and excess length of stay was 7·3 days, corresponding to a public healthcare cost of €290 million. A large burden was observed outside the intensive-care unit setting (87% of patients infected and extra costs, 73% of excess deaths).

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on the Profile of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1146
Author(s):  
Aleksa Despotovic ◽  
Branko Milosevic ◽  
Andja Cirkovic ◽  
Ankica Vujovic ◽  
Ksenija Cucanic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a global public health concern. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, its contribution to mortality and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) grows, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). A two-year retrospective study from April 2019–April 2021 was conducted in an adult ICU at the Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Belgrade, Serbia to assess causative agents of HAIs and AMR rates, with the COVID-19 pandemic ensuing halfway through the study. Resistance rates >80% were observed for the majority of tested antimicrobials. In COVID-19 patients, Acinetobacter spp. was the dominant cause of HAIs and more frequently isolated than in non-COVID-19 patients. (67 vs. 18, p = 0.001). Also, resistance was higher for imipenem (56.8% vs. 24.5%, p < 0.001), meropenem (61.1% vs. 24.3%, p < 0.001) and ciprofloxacin (59.5% vs. 36.9%, p = 0.04). AMR rates were aggregated with findings from our previous study to identify resistance trends and establish empiric treatment recommendations. The increased presence of Acinetobacter spp. and a positive trend in Klebsiella spp. resistance to fluoroquinolones (R2 = 0.980, p = 0.01) and carbapenems (R2 = 0.963, p = 0.02) could have contributed to alarming resistance rates across bloodstream infections (BSIs), pneumonia (PN), and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Exceptions were vancomycin (16.0%) and linezolid (2.6%) in BSIs; tigecycline (14.3%) and colistin (0%) in PNs; and colistin (12.0%) and linezolid (0%) in UTIs. COVID-19 has changed the landscape of HAIs in our ICUs. Approval of new drugs and rigorous surveillance is urgently needed.

scholarly journals Multi-Facility Reduction in Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs) Through Real-Time Feedback and Individual Accountability

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s323-s324
Author(s):  
Christopher Hermann ◽  
Metta Watters ◽  
Rebecca Sharrer ◽  
Randy Ennis
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Improve Hand Hygiene ◽  
Hand Hygiene Improvement ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a leading cause of healthcare morbidity and cost for the health community. It is widely recognized that hand hygiene is the leading contributor infections, but hand hygiene still remains a major problem for nearly all healthcare systems. A longitudinal study was conducted over a 4-year period in a community-based health system. Methods: An electronic hand hygiene reminder system was installed in 2 different facilities including both critical care and noncritical units. This system collects data on individual healthcare provider hand hygiene and provides a real-time voice reminder in the event that a provider forgets to perform hand hygiene. The primary study was designed to investigate the impact of a real-time voice reminder to improve hand hygiene. A baseline period of hand hygiene was established prior to the interventions after installing the system without any access to data reporting or the voice reminder. Each of the hospitals had the voice reminder turned on and off 3 times. The baseline HAI rates were established by comparing in each facility for the 12 months prior to the implementation of the system. During the study period, there were no significant changes to other common infection control practices. Results: In both facilities, every time the voices were turned on, hand hygiene improved significantly and each clinical unit saw a >200% improvement in hand hygiene within 3 months of turning the voice reminder. HAIs fell by a statistically significant in all clinical areas by 51%. After a period of stabilization, the voice reminder was turned off hand hygiene compliance fell and HAI rates then increased. The voice reminder was then turned back on and off 2 more times. In every case, hand hygiene rates fell back to the baseline and HAIs returned to their baseline. When the voice reminder was then turned back on, HAIs dropped to 54%–81% of the baseline in each of the clinical units. The system also captured individual providers’ hand hygiene performance data and displayed it in a simple and engaging way, allowing managers easily understand who was struggling with hand hygiene. These data were then leveraged through a series of competitions to systematically drive hand hygiene performance improvement. These included traditional interventions to address an education issue in addition to interventions to identify workflow problems. Conclusions: Using this highly targeted approach, the leadership were able to efficiently drive sustained hand hygiene improvement and a further reduction in HAIs.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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