Current Developments in Mass Production of Microalgae for Industrial Applications

Silver micro/nanomaterials have attracted a great deal of attention due to their superior physicochemical properties. The atomic migration driven by electromigration or stress-induced migration has been demonstrated to be a promising method for the fabrication of metallic micro-/nanomaterials because of the advantage of simple processing. However, how to realize the controllable fabrication and mass production is still the critical technical problem for the method to be used in large-scale industrial applications. In this paper, the multilayered samples consisted of copper foil substrate, Ti adhesive layer, Ag film, and TiN passivation layer and with arrays of artificial holes on the passivation layer were applied to prepare arrays of Ag micro-particles. For the purpose of controllable fabrication, stress-induced migration experiments combined with finite element simulation were applied to analyze the influence of the passivation layer thickness and the heating temperature on the atom migration and Ag particles growing behavior. And the relationship between size of the fabricated Ag particles and the processing parameters of stress-induced migration experiments were also investigated. As a result, a proper structure size of the multilayered samples and heating temperature were recommended, which can be used for the Ag micro-particles controllable fabrication and mass production.

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Development of Mass Production Technology of Highly Permeable Nano-Porous Supports for Silica-Based Separation Membranes

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes9080103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sawamura ◽

Okamoto ◽

Todokoro

Keyword(s):

Pore Size ◽

Mass Production ◽

Porous Silica ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

High Permeability ◽

Separation Membranes ◽

Membrane Defects ◽

Porous Supports ◽

Harsh Conditions

Silica-based membranes show both robust properties and high-permeability, offering us great potential for applying them to harsh conditions where conventional organic membranes cannot work. Despite the increasing number of paper and patents of silica-based membranes, their industrial applications have yet to be fully realized, possibly due to their lack of technologies on scaling-up and mass production. In particular, quality of membrane supports decisively impacts final quality of silica-based separation membranes. In this study, therefore, we have developed mass producing technologies of nano-porous supports (φ 12 mm, length 400 mm) with surface center pore size distribution of 1–10 nm, which are generally used as supports for preparing separation membranes with a pore size of less than 1 nm. The developed mass production apparatuses have enabled us to reproducibly produce nano-porous silica-based supports with high permeance (e.g., N2 permeance of more than 10−5 mol m−2 s−1·Pa−1) minimizing effects of membrane defects less than 0.1% of the total flux. The developed nano-porous supports have enabled us to reproducibly produce silica-based separation membranes with high permeace and selectivity (e.g., H2 permeance of about 5 × 10−6 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 and H2/SF6 permeance ratio of more than 2000).

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Modern Laser Applications

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Management and engineering manufacture ◽

10.1243/pime_proc_1987_201_063_02 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 201 (3) ◽

pp. 165-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

I Spalding

Keyword(s):

Mass Production ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Materials Processing ◽

Measurement Information ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Laser Applications ◽

Laser Technology ◽

High Profile ◽

Computer Numerically Controlled ◽

Practical Factors

Manufacturing companies in both the mechanical and electrical sectors of industry are now beginning to adopt lasers for an increasing range of materials processing applications, including cutting, drilling, welding and surface treatments of both metals and non-metals. In some of these applications the process or product is completely novel, but for many others the compatibility of the laser with computer numerically controlled (CNC) and robotic techniques, its flexibility in operation, or other practical factors, are helping it to compete with older established fabrication technologies. Some illustrative applications drawn from nuclear, aerospace, and mass production industries are discussed in detail. The paper also touches briefly on the potential importance of laser technology for other industrial applications such as measurement, information technology and chemistry, as well as a few ‘high profile’ scientific applications.

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Coating effect on the fatigue strength of a free cutting steel

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science ◽

10.1177/0954406219836441 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 233 (23-24) ◽

pp. 7513-7524

Author(s):

Dario Croccolo ◽

Massimiliano De Agostinis ◽

Stefano Fini ◽

Giorgio Olmi ◽

Francesco Robusto

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Strength ◽

Mass Production ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Production Costs ◽

Cutting Steel ◽

Nickel Coatings ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Fatigue ◽

Enhance Wear Resistance ◽

Set Up

This paper deals with the effect of electrodeposited zinc and nickel coatings on the fatigue strength of a free cutting steel. This class of materials is frequently used in the mass production, due to their good machinability, in order to reduce the production costs. Moreover, free cutting steels often operate under high wear conditions, for instance in sliding components. Therefore, suitable coatings are usually applied to improve their tribological response. In addition, in many industrial applications, free cutting steels must withstand significantly high fatigue loads, even in corrosive environment. In order to assess the fatigue response, S–N curves and endurance limits at run-out of specimen sets with different features were determined. The tests involved samples with different coatings and plain geometry for comparison purposes. The experimental results, properly set up by tools of Design of Experiment, were statistically processed and compared. The outcome was that no significant difference in terms of fatigue strength between the three specimens set was encountered. It implies that coatings can be suitable to enhance wear resistance without detrimental effects on fatigue.

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Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/fbioe.2021.652021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Ouyang ◽

Shuyu Chen ◽

Liqing Zhao ◽

Yiting Song ◽

Anping Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Euglena Gracilis ◽

Mass Production ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Cultivation System ◽

Metabolic Interactions ◽

And Storage

The microalga Euglena gracilis is utilized in the food, medicinal, and supplement industries. However, its mass production is currently limited by its low production efficiency and high risk of microbial contamination. In this study, physiological and biochemical parameters of E. gracilis co-cultivated with the bacteria Vibrio natriegens were investigated. A previous study reports the benefits of E. gracilis and V. natriegens co-cultivation; however, no bacterium growth and molecular mechanisms were further investigated. Our results show that this co-cultivation positively increased total chlorophyll, microalgal growth, dry weight, and storage sugar paramylon content of E. gracilis compared to the pure culture without V. natriegens. This analysis represents the first comprehensive metabolomic study of microalgae-bacterial co-cultivation, with 339 metabolites identified. This co-cultivation system was shown to have synergistic metabolic interactions between microalgal and bacterial cells, with a significant increase in methyl carbamate, ectoine, choline, methyl N-methylanthranilate, gentiatibetine, 4R-aminopentanoic acid, and glu-val compared to the cultivation of E. gracilis alone. Taken together, these results fill significant gaps in the current understanding of microalgae-bacteria co-cultivation systems and provide novel insights into potential improvements for mass production and industrial applications of E. gracilis.

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Mass production and industrial applications of graphene materials

National Science Review ◽

10.1093/nsr/nwx055 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 90-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Yanwu Zhu ◽

Hengxing Ji ◽

Hui-Ming Cheng ◽

Rodney S Ruoff

Keyword(s):

Industrial Application ◽

Mass Production ◽

Materials Science ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Laboratory Scale ◽

Promising Material ◽

Film Material ◽

Significant Progress ◽

Science And Engineering ◽

Materials Science And Engineering

Abstract Graphene is considered a promising material for industrial application based on the intensive laboratory-scale research in the fields of physics, chemistry, materials science and engineering, and biology over the last decade. Many companies have thus started to pursue graphene materials on a scale of tons (for the flake material) or hundreds of thousands of square meters (for the film material) for industrial applications. Though the graphene industry is still in its early stages, very significant progress in mass production and certain industrial applications has become obvious. In this report, we aim to give a brief review of the mass production of graphene materials for some industrial applications and summarize some features or challenges for graphene in the marketplace.

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Scalable Preparation of Low-Defect Graphene by Urea-Assisted Liquid-Phase Shear Exfoliation of Graphite and Its Application in Doxorubicin Analysis

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10020267 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 267 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chang-Seuk Lee ◽

Su Jin Shim ◽

Tae Hyun Kim

Keyword(s):

Liquid Phase ◽

Mass Production ◽

Graphene Nanosheets ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Electrochemical Sensing ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Electrocatalytic Property ◽

Efficient Route

The mass production of graphene is of great interest for commercialization and industrial applications. Here, we demonstrate that high-quality graphene nanosheets can be produced in large quantities by liquid-phase shear exfoliation under ambient conditions in organic solvents, such as 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), with the assistance of urea as a stabilizer. We can achieve low-defect graphene (LDG) using this approach, which is relatively simple and easily available, thereby rendering it to be an efficient route for the mass production of graphene. We also demonstrate the electrochemical sensing of an LDG-modified electrode for the determination of doxorubicin (DOX). The sensor shows an enhanced electrocatalytic property towards DOX, leading to a high sensitivity (7.23 × 10−1 μM/μA) with a detection limit of 39.3 nM (S/N = 3).

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High thermoelectric performance of higher manganese silicides prepared by ultra-fast thermal explosion

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/c5tc02837j ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (46) ◽

pp. 12116-12122 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Xiaoyu She ◽

Xianli Su ◽

Huizhen Du ◽

Tao Liang ◽

Gang Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Explosion ◽

Mass Production ◽

High Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

New Method ◽

Thermoelectric Performance ◽

Higher Manganese Silicides ◽

The Way

High performance Ge doped HMS compounds are synthesized by thermal explosion—a new method which paves the way for the mass production of HMS compounds and their large-scale industrial applications.

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