Significance of Food-Grade Microorganisms in Biodegradation and Biotransformation of Harmful Toxic Compounds

2018 ◽  
pp. 255-278
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Food Grade

Development of embedded systems to control toxic compounds in textile industries

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 115-117
Author(s):  
Jahnavi KRM Jahnavi KRM ◽  
◽  
Raghavendra Rao K ◽  
Padma Suvarna R
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Textile Industries

Aplikasi Pendayagunaan Asam In-Situ pada Kulit Pikel Terbuang untuk Pembuatan Gelatin Pangan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Sugihartono Sugihartono
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Type A ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Hydrolyze Collagen ◽  
Waste Acid

Skinswaste at pre-tanning operations can be processed into food grade gelatin. The degradation of collagen using acid, base, or enzymes produced gelatin. Pickle skins is skins that acidified, the results of the final phase of the pre-tanning operations. The addition of salt on the skin makes the skins pickle not swollen, produced a wide space between collagen fibers and collagen can not be degraded. Thereby directly extract pickle skins or waste will not be obtained gelatin.This study discussed the processing of food gelatin type A pickle skins through the utilization of waste acid it contains. The discussion includes the components of animal skins, pre-tanning waste, acidification of skins, processing gelatin and gelatin from skins picklewaste and usefulness for the food industry. Salt hydrate collagen fibers in the skin pickle including waste can be separated by washing, to a certain extent still acidic skins waste. The remaining acid on the skins pickle waste can be utilized to hydrolyze collagen into gelatin. The resulting gelatin is gelatin type A, that can be used for food industry.ABSTRAKKulit limbah pada operasi pra-penyamakan dapat diolah menjadi gelatin pangan. Pemecahan kolagen menggunakan asam, basa, atau enzim dihasilkan gelatin. Kulit pikel merupakan kulit yang diasamkan, hasil dari tahap akhir operasi pra-penyamakan. Penambahan garam pada kulit pikel menjadikan kulit tidak bengkak, menghasilkan ruang lebar diantara serat kolagen dan menjadikan kolagen tidak dapat terdegradasi. Hal ini berarti ekstrak secara langsung kulit pikel atau limbahnya tidak akan diperoleh gelatin. Dalam kajian ini dibahas pengolahan gelatin pangan tipe A dari kulit pikel limbah melalui pendayagunaan asam yang dikandungnya. Bahasan mencakup komponen kulit hewan, limbah pra-penyamakan, pengasaman kulit, pengolahan gelatin, dan pengolahan gelatin dari kulit pikel limbah melalui pendayagunaan asam yang dikandungnya serta kegunaannya untuk industri pangan. Garam yang menghidrasi serat kolagen pada kulit pikel termasuk limbahnya dapat dipisahkan dengan cara pencucian, sampai batas tertentu kulit limbah masih bersifat asam. Asam yang tersisa pada kulit pikel limbah tersebut dapat didayagunakan untuk menghidrolisis kolagen menjadi gelatin. Gelatin yang dihasilkan adalah gelatin tipe A, dapat digunakan untuk keperluan industri pangan. Kata kunci : Kulit pikel limbah, gelatin, pengasaman, pangan.

Problems in Detoxifying Fresh Waters Polluted by Base Metal Minewaters

1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-79
Author(s):  
Vaclav Kresta ◽  
Gerald B. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Total Dosage ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Know How ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Receiving Waters

Abstract At many mining sites process (milling) and drainage waters escape treatment and cause receiving waters to become contaminated above avoidance or even toxic levels for fish. The present know-how on chemical agents which can be used to complex with copper and zinc to form non-toxic compounds is limited to chelating agents such as NTA or EDTA. Preferential reaction with trivalent ions such as iron means that such ions must be tied up before complexation of copper and zinc can occur. As the amount of iron in contaminated water is usually two to eight times higher than that of copper and zinc, high dosages of chelating agents are usually required. In this project, the use of salts of anthranilic acid, especially calcium anthranilate, was investigated. The consumption of anthranilateions was found to be about the same as that of NTA or EDTA, i.e. four milligrams per milligram of copper or zinc. The total dosage to be applied to contaminated waters would be, however, several times lower as iron is not involved in the reactions and copper and zinc are complexed in that order. Toxicity tests to compare the efficiency and dasages of calcium anthranilate and NTA or EDTA are presently being carried out.

Inhibitors of Cholinesterases in Pharmacology: the Current Trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 1532-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Pohanka
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Inhibitors of cholinesterases are a wide group of low molecular weight compounds with a significant role in the current pharmacology. Besides the pharmacological importance, they are also known as toxic compounds like military nerve agents. In the pharmacology, drugs for Alzheimer disease, myasthenia gravis and prophylaxis of poisoning by nerve agents can be mentioned as the relevant applications. Besides this, anti-inflammation and antiphrastic drugs are other pharmacological applications of these inhibitors. This review is focused on a survey of cholinesterase inhibitors with known or expected pharmacological impact and indications of their use. Recent literature with comments is provided here as well.

Application of Advanced Electrochemical Methods with Nanomaterial-based Electrodes as Powerful Tools for Trace Analysis of Drugs and Toxic Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parviz Norouzi ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Taher Alizadeh ◽  
Eslam Pourbasheer ◽  
Mostafa Aghazadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
High Speed Analysis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Trace Measurement ◽  
Health Application

Background: The new progress in electronic devices has provided a great opportunity for advancing electrochemical instruments by which we can more easily solve many problems of interest for trace analysis of compounds, with a high degree of accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and selectivity. On the other hand, in recent years, there is a significant growth in the application of nanomaterials for the construction of nanosensors due to enhanced chemical and physical properties arising from discrete modified nanomaterial-based electrodes or microelectrodes. Objective: Combination of the advanced electrochemical system and nanosensors make these devices very suitable for the high-speed analysis, as motioning and portable devices. This review will discuss the recent developments and achievements that have been reported for trace measurement of drugs and toxic compounds for environment, food and health application.

scholarly journals Identification of the Propionicin F Bacteriocin Immunity Gene (pcfI) and Development of a Food-Grade Cloning System for Propionibacterium freudenreichii

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (23) ◽  
pp. 7542-7547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag Anders Brede ◽  
Sheba Lothe ◽  
Zhian Salehian ◽  
Therese Faye ◽  
Ingolf F. Nes
Keyword(s):  
Selection Marker ◽  
Multiple Cloning Site ◽  
Propionibacterium Freudenreichii ◽  
Expression Plasmid ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Cloning System ◽  
Immunity Gene ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT This report describes the first functional analysis of a bacteriocin immunity gene from Propionibacterium freudenreichii and its use as a selection marker for food-grade cloning. Cloning of the pcfI gene (previously orf5 [located as part of the pcfABC propionicin F operon]) rendered the sensitive host 1,000-fold more tolerant to the propionicin F bacteriocin. The physiochemical properties of the 127-residue large PcfI protein resemble those of membrane-bound immunity proteins from bacteriocin systems found in lactic acid bacteria. The high level of immunity conferred by pcfI allowed its use as a selection marker for plasmid transformation in P. freudenreichii. Electroporation of P. freudenreichii IFO12426 by use of the pcfI expression plasmid pSL102 and propionicin F selection (200 bacteriocin units/ml) yielded 107 transformants/μg DNA. The 2.7-kb P. freudenreichii food-grade cloning vector pSL104 consists of the pLME108 replicon, a multiple cloning site, and pcfI expressed from the constitutive PpampS promoter for selection. The pSL104 vector efficiently facilitated cloning of the propionicin T1 bacteriocin in P. freudenreichii. High-level propionicin T1 production (640 BU/ml) was obtained with the IFO12426 strain, and the food-grade propionicin T1 expression plasmid pSL106 was maintained by ∼91% of the cells over 25 generations in the absence of selection. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of an efficient cloning system that facilitates the generation of food-grade recombinant P. freudenreichii strains.

Food-grade titanium dioxide particles decrease the bioaccessibility of iron released from spinach leaves in simulated human gastrointestinal tract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyang Li ◽  
Chuanxin Ma ◽  
Heping Shang ◽  
Jason C. White ◽  
David Julian McClements ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Spinach Leaves

E171 reduced Fe bioaccessibility of spinach in a simulated gastrointestinal tract via two mechanisms: the inhibition of α-amylase activity and adsorption of released Fe from spinach.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document