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Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
S. Siew

Mesothelial cells constitute the lining of the three serous sacs of the body i.e. the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum. The more common type of malignant neoplasia of the serous sacs is seeding by metastatic tumors and primary malignancy of the mesothelium is unusual. Of the three sacs, the pleura is the most common site of malignant mesothelioma. Involvement of the peritoneum is extremely rare.We report 3 cases of malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum. All of them were female. Their ages were 57, 67 and 72 years, respectively. The patients presented with abdominal discomfort and/or ascites. The extent of the tumors ranged from a peritoneal implant to widespread infiltration of the peritoneum and omentum. Histologic examination in Case 1 showed the presence of a diffusely infiltrating papillary mesothelioma without a sarcomatoid component. A mesodermal element was present in the other two cases. In order to establish a morphological diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, the possibility has to be excluded of a metastatic adenocarcinoma.


2020 ◽  
pp. 304-312

Background: Insult to the brain, whether from trauma or other etiologies, can have a devastating effect on an individual. Symptoms can be many and varied, depending on the location and extent of damage. This presentation can be a challenge to the optometrist charged with treating the sequelae of this event as multiple functional components of the visual system can be affected. Case Report: This paper describes the diagnosis and subsequent ophthalmic management of an acquired brain injury in a 22 year old male on active duty in the US Army. After developing acute neurological symptoms, the patient was diagnosed with a pilocytic astrocytoma of the cerebellum. Emergent neurosurgery to treat the neoplasm resulted in iatrogenic cranial nerve palsies and a hemispheric syndrome. Over the next 18 months, he was managed by a series of providers, including a strabismus surgeon, until presenting to our clinic. Lenses, prism, and in-office and out-of-office neurooptometric rehabilitation therapy were utilized to improve his functioning and make progress towards his goals. Conclusions: Pilocytic astrocytomas are the most common primary brain tumors, and the vast majority are benign with excellent surgical prognosis. Although the most common site is the cerebellum, the visual pathway is also frequently affected. If the eye or visual system is affected, optometrists have the ability to drastically improve quality of life with neuro-optometric rehabilitation.


Author(s):  
David Guez ◽  
Patrick D. Sutphin ◽  
Suvranu Ganguli

AbstractThe liver is the most common site of metastatic disease in colorectal cancer, and, in the setting of liver-dominant disease, a chief contributor to mortality. Chemotherapy is the backbone of treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer; however, the duration of response is limited and resistance to therapy inevitably develops. Radioembolization represents a targeted treatment to the liver which has been studied in first-line, second-line, and in salvage treatment. Therapeutic rationale, outcomes, and prognostic indicators are presented in this systematic review article.


Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Kou Tsuyama ◽  
Nobukazu Miyamoto ◽  
Atsuhiko Shindo ◽  
Kenichiro Hira ◽  
Yuji Ueno ◽  
...  

Duplication and accessory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) constitute a rare congenital variation. MCA anomalies are found at a lesser frequency than the vascular anomalies of the other major intracranial arteries. Duplicated/accessory MCA was usually noted incidentally with subarachnoid hemorrhage, due to resulted aneurysmal formation. However, duplicated/accessory MCA-related cerebral infarction is rarer. We report two cases of cerebral infarction due to dissection at the entry of the duplicate/accessory MCA. Both cases were similar in dissected site and clinical course, without headache or injury. In 20 previously reported cases and our two cases of duplicated/accessory MCA-related infarction, mean age (55.8 ± 21.2 years) was slightly younger for cerebral infarction, and stroke etiology was mainly embolism. The main etiologies of stroke were embolism and dissection. Considering embolism etiology, proximal site of arterial diameter changing lesion was a common site for embolism, as duplicated/accessory MCA was usually smaller than normal M1 segment. In cerebral dissection cases, the dissected site was similar to our cases. Numerous mechanisms of dissection were considered, but they mainly included dysfunction of the media and endothelium or shearing stress at the entry of duplication. As the detailed mechanisms of cerebral dissection remain unknown, clinicians should include a differential diagnosis for MCA dissection.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Alghamdi ◽  
Yumna Omarzai

Malignant melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract is an uncommon neoplasm that could be primary or metastatic. Small intestine represents the most common site for the metastatic melanoma; however, it could be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Intussusception is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in adults compared to children. In 90% of the cases, the underlying cause can be found, and in 65% of the cases, intussusception is caused by the neoplastic process. The majority of the neoplasms are benign, and about 15% are malignant. Metastatic melanoma is one of the most common metastatic malignancies to the gastrointestinal tract; however, the premortem diagnosis is rarely made. Here, we report an uncommon clinical presentation of metastatic melanoma causing intussusception in an 80-year-old man. This diagnosis should be considered in a differential diagnosis in any patient who presents with gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of melanoma.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Niknam ◽  
Kamran Bagheri Lankarani ◽  
Bita Geramizadeh

Gastrointestinal granular cell tumors are uncommon. The most common site of gastrointestinal granular cell tumor (GCT) is esophagus. We report a case of esophageal GCT incidentally diagnosed by endoscopy. The lesion was evaluated by endoscopic ultrasonography and resected using the endoscopic technique without complication.


Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Hubbard ◽  
Guilherme B Porto ◽  
Sami Al Kasab ◽  
Eyad Almallouhi ◽  
Alejandro M Spiotta ◽  
...  

Introduction: Patients with poor baseline images were excluded from most clinical trials so the data about whether these patients could benefit from MT remains unknown. In this study, we aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of MT in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) and large core infarct (LCI). Methods: The Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR) was interrogated. We included thrombectomy patients presenting with LVO within 24 hours and with a LCI as defined by Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) < 6. Patients presenting within 6 hours of last known normal (LKN) were considered in the early window and patients presenting after 6 hours were considered in the late window. 90-day outcomes were assessed. We used a logistic regression model to assess the factors associated with good 90-day outcome in patients in the early and late windows. Results: 144 patients were included in this study (table). Median age was 69 and 92 (64%) patients were treated in the early MT window. ICA was the most common site of occlusion (48.6%) and ADAPT was used in 34.7%. Admission NIHSS was 17.5. Successful recanalization (TICI>2b) was achieved in 84.7% and median procedure time was 54 minutes. sICH hemorrhage was observed in 22 (15.3%). Median mRS was 4 at 90 days. Favorable outcome was observed in 41 patients (28.5%) and mortality occurred in in 59 (41%). There was no difference in 90-day functional outcome between patients in early and late windows. In patients presenting in the early window, age (aOR=0.905, p=0.0002) and baseline NIHSS (aOR=0.909, p=0.0423) were independently associated with 90-day outcome. In patients presenting in the late window, only age (aOR=0.934, p=0.0069) was independently associated with good outcome. Conclusion: More than one in four patients presenting with ASPECTS<6 may achieve functional independence at 90-day following MT. Patient age remains the main predictor of 90-day outcome in patients with low ASPECTS in both late and early windows.


2021 ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
R. K. Maurya ◽  
Shraddha Verma ◽  
R. K. Tripathi ◽  
Amit Yadav

Background: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly in which the anterior urethra is incompletely developed and does not extend to the tip of the glans penis. The present study was aimed to study the clinical prole of hypospadias. Settings and Design:This was a prospective, observational study. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, LLR & Associated Hospitals, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India, from January 2019 to October 2020, on 72 patients of hypospadias, after taking clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee, and taking proper informed consent for participation. Data collected for each patient included age, sex, demography, symptoms with duration, and relevant past and treatment history. Results: The most common age of presentation was between 1-5years of age (48.61%, n=35). Distal hypospadias (DH) was the most common site. (47.22%, n=34). 4.16% (n=3) patients presented with urethrocutaneous stula. Chordee was more commonly seen in patients with mid & proximal penile hypospadias (64.70%, n=33). In the present study, 4.1% (n=3) had associated undescended testis, 4.1% (n=3) had an associated bid scrotum and 1.3% (n=1) had an associated congenital hernia. Conclusions: Most cases of hypospadias present before 10 years of age. Distal hypospadias is the most common type. Chordee is associated most commonly with proximal penile and mid penile hypospadias. It may also be associated with other congenital anomalies like, undescended testis, bid scrotum or congenital hernias


2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Prachita Walankar ◽  
Ninisha Patil

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in dhol players in India. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 96 dhol players. A self-administered questionnaire comprising of demographic profile, dhol player characteristics, presence of musculoskeletal pain, and specific area of pain according to the body region was used to collect information from the dhol players. RESULTS: The mean age and duration of playing dhol experience were 22.26+3.05 and 6.08+1.27 years, respectively. Among 96 dhol players, 93 (96.9%) and 55 (57.3%) reported presence of musculoskeletal pain with respect to the 12-month prevalence and 7-day prevalence, respectively. In 12-month prevalence, the most common site of pain was the low back (67.7%), followed by shoulder (54.2%) and wrist and hand (24%). In 7-day prevalence, the most common site of pain was the low back (41.7%), followed by shoulder (24%) and upper back (15.6%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (p=0.002) and duration of playing dhol (p<0.001) were associated with 7-day prevalence of musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in dhol players. Low back, shoulder, wrist/hand, and upper back were common sites of pain. Identification of these factors in dhol players may assist in further research on targeted prevention, scientific recommendations, and rehabilitation.


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