scholarly journals Analysis of the Relationship Between Learning and Synaptophysin in Obese Rats Treated With DPP4 Inhibitor

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A532-A532
Author(s):  
Murat Korkmaz ◽  
Sibel Oguzkan Balci ◽  
Can Demirel ◽  
Ibrahim Yilmaz ◽  
Ersin Akarsu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Dpp4 Inhibitor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Abstract In this study, it is aimed to investigate possible changes in cognitive functions in obesity by using targeted treatment hypothesis. Accordingly, the effects of DPP4 inhibitor, which is actively used in the clinic in the treatment of diabetes, and the effect of exercise, which has been proven to be effective in the treatment of obesity, on the change of learning performance and the relationship of these effects with the synaptophysin molecule were investigated. In our study, 42 Wistar albino rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into seven groups as obese, control, obese+DPP4i, control+DPP4i, obese+exercise, control+exercise, control+NaCl. To create experimental obesity, the animals that are targeted to be obese were separated and fed on a high fat diet for 8 weeks. After the obese model was created, sitagliptin was applied to the DPP4i groups and swimming exercise was applied to the exercise groups for obesity treatment. The last week of the study was performed reference memory learning test to the whole group with Morris water maze. Then, the hippocampus tissues were removed from the animals under anesthesia. mRNA and protein isolations were performed from the extracted tissues. Synaptophysin gene expressions were determined from mRNA samples by Real-Time PCR method. Synaptophysin protein levels were determined from protein lysates by Western Blot method. In the learning test, in the obese groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the average escape time of the DPP4i and exercise groups and the groups that did not (p<0.05). As a result, in groups where obesity is treated with DPP4i and exercise; It was concluded that cognitive performance was better than obese groups. There was a evident decrease in synaptophysin gene expression levels in obese groups compared to the control group. In the treatment groups, an increase was observed in synaptophysin gene expression levels in the DPP4 inhibitor and especially in the exercise groups compared to the control groups (P> 0.05). Gene expression results were similar in analyzes performed at the protein level. According to these results, in terms of performance in cognitive function due to obesity and synaptophysin gene relationship; DPP4 inhibitor showed as effective a result as exercise. This provides a resource for advanced molecular and metabolic research. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by The Scientific And Technological Research Council Of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) Project No. 219S063.

scholarly journals Propranolol significantly reduced DNA polymerase β expression in patients with essential tremor

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
Nefise Kandemir ◽  
Sercan Kenanoglu ◽  
Murat Gultekin ◽  
Nuriye Gokce ◽  
Hilal Akalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Propranolol Treatment ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Background Essential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder. Propranolol is a first-line medication for ET. We aimed to evaluate the effect of propranolol on the expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and DNA polymerase beta (POLB) genes, which are known to be related to neurodegenerative diseases, in patients with ET. MethodsThirty-five healthy volunteers and thirty-five patients followed up with essential tremors were included in a non-randomized control experimental study. Expressions of PARP1 and POLB genes were compared between the control group and the patient group. In addition, pre- and post-treatment gene expression levels and Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor scale values of the patient group were compared after 8 weeks of propranolol treatment. The Wilcoxon rank and Mann Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. ResultsAt baseline, PARP1 expression was significantly lower in the ET group than in the control group. (p<0.001). POLB gene expression was significantly higher in the pre-treatment ET group than in the controls (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in PARP1 expression levels before and after 8 weeks of propranolol treatment. POLB gene expression was significantly higher in the pre-treatment group than in the post-treatment group (p<0.001). ConclusionPropranolol significantly decreased POLB gene expression but there was no significant difference in PARP1 gene expression levels in the patient group, after 8 weeks of propranolol treatment.

scholarly journals HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Biomarker Identification: Significance Analysis of Microarrays and Two Persuasive Approaches with Random Forest

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansapani Rodrigo ◽  
Bryan Martinez ◽  
Roberto De La Garza ◽  
Upal Roy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Significance Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Abstract Background: HIV Associated Neurological Disorders (HAND) is relatively common among people with HIV-1 infection, even those taking combined antiretroviral treatment (cART). Genome-wide screening of transcription regulation in brain tissue helps in identifying substantial abnormalities present in patients’ gene transcripts and to discover possible biomarkers for HAND. This study explores the possibility of identifying differentially expressed (DE) genes, which can serve as potential biomarkers to detect HAND. In this study, we have investigated the gene expression levels of three subject groups with different impairment levels of HAND along with a control group in three distinct brain sectors: white matter, frontal cortex, and basal ganglia. Methods: Linear models with weighted least squares along with Benjamini-Hochberg multiple corrections were used to identify DE genes in each brain region. Genes with an adjusted p-value of less than 0.01 were identified as differentially expressed. Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed to detect any groupings among the subject groups. Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) and random forests (RF) methods with two distinct approaches were used to identify DE genes. Results: A total of 710 genes in basal ganglia, 794 genes in the frontal cortex, and 1481 genes in white matter were screened. The highest proportion of DE genes was observed within the two brain regions, frontal neocortex, and basal ganglia. PCA analyses do not exhibit clear groupings among four subject groups. SAM and RF models reveal the genes, CIRBP, RBM3, GPNMB, ISG15, IFIT6, IFI6, and IFIT3, to have DE genes in the frontal cortex or basal ganglia among the subject groups. The gene, GADD45A, a protein-coding gene whose transcript levels tend to increase with stressful growth arrest conditions, was consistently ranked among the top genes by both RF models within the frontal cortex. Conclusions: Our study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the gene expression levels of the subject with different severity levels of HAND. Several genes that appear to play critical roles in the inflammatory response have been found, and they have an excellent potential to be used as biomarkers to detect HAND under further investigations.

scholarly journals Network analysis reveals the relationship among wood properties, gene expression levels and genotypes of naturalPopulus trichocarpaaccessions

2013 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilga Porth ◽  
Jaroslav Klápště ◽  
Oleksandr Skyba ◽  
Michael C. Friedmann ◽  
Jan Hannemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

scholarly journals Vitronectin and Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Gene Expression Levels Are Increased in Patients with Coronary Artery In-Stent Restenosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
S. Shafiee ◽  
F. Noorabad-Ghahroodi ◽  
A. Amirfarhangi ◽  
S. Hosseini-Fard ◽  
Z. Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
In Stent Restenosis ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

AbstractNeointimal hyperplasia is known as a main factor contributing to in-stent restenosis (ISR). Monocytes may play a central role in vessel restenosis process after stent implantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) and vitronectin (Vtn) gene expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples isolated from whole blood of 66 patients undergoing coronary artery angiography (22 controls, stenosis < 0.05%; 22 with stent no-restenosis and stenosis < 70%; and 22 with ISR and stenosis > 70%). The Vtn and PLAU gene expression levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique. The age- and gender-independent increases in the expression levels of Vtn (17-fold; p < 0.001) and PLAU (27-fold; p < 0.0001) genes were found in the patients with ISR as compared with the control group. The results suggested that the Vtn and PLAU genes may be involved in the coronary artery ISR.

ATF3 and EGR2 gene expression levels in sdLDL-treated macrophages of patients with coronary artery stenosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Sayed R. Hosseini-Fard ◽  
Mohsen Khosravi ◽  
Amaneh Yarnazari ◽  
Parisa Hassanpour ◽  
Abdollah Amirfarhangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

AbstractBackground:The metabolism of cholesteryl esters (CEs) is under the control of a gene network in macrophages. Several genes such asATF3andEGR2are related to cholesterol metabolism.Methods:In this study, theATF3andEGR2gene expression levels were evaluated in differentiated macrophages of subjects undergoing coronary artery angiography [controls (<5% stenosis), patients (>70% stenosis)] after treatment with small dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) particles. Monocytes were isolated using a RosetteSep Kit and were differentiated into macrophages using the M-CSF factor. A modified heparin-MgSO4-PEG method was used for the sdLDL preparation. TheATF3andEGR2gene expression levels were measured by the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique.Results:In contrast with the control group (p=0.4), theATF3expression level reduced significantly in the differentiated macrophages from all patients [single vessel disease (SVD), fold change 17 times, p=0.02; two vessel disease (2VD), fold change 1.5 times, p=0.05; three vessel disease (3VD), fold change 3.5 times, p=0.04]. Also, theEGR2expression level reduced significantly in all groups (p<0.02). The gene fold changes had no significant differences between the patients (p>0.8).Conclusions:We propose that the failure ofATF3gene expression improves the CE synthesis after sdLDL influx. Furthermore, the reducedEGR2gene expression level in the sdLDL-treated groups may be a negative factor in cholesterol homeostasis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of UHRF1 and P16INK4A expression levels in newly diagnosed AML patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2658-2663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Amiri ◽  
Mohamadhossein Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khosravi Farsani ◽  
Arshia Gharehbaghian ◽  
Abbas Hajifathali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
P16ink4a Gene ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Introduction: Gene mutation is an infrequent cause of tumor suppressor gene (TSG) defect in de novo AML patients. Instead, it seems that leukemic cells employ epigenetic tricks to attenuate the negative impacts of intact TSGs. Ordinarily, critical TSGs, such as p16INK4A, is hyper-methylated in AML blasts under the impact of master epigenetic regulators, such as UHRF1. In this study, we investigated the correlation between UHRF1 and p16INK4A gene expression levels in newly diagnosed AML patients. Methods: Bone marrow and peripheral blood samples were obtained from 50 newly diagnosed AML patients and 18 healthy normal control subjects. Gene expression levels of UHRF1 and P16INK4A were surveyed using SYBR Green Quantitative Real-time PCR. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS statistical software 21.0. Results: P16INK4A gene expression showed reduced levels in 80.64% of patients above 45 years of age, while only 32% of patients below 45 years had reduced expression levels. The Spearman correlation test also demonstrated a significant negative correlation between UHRF1 and p16INK4A gene expression levels in AML patients, which was not observed in the control group (r=0.343 and P= 0.015). Conclusion: Regarding the age-related patterns of UHRF1 and p16INK4A gene expression, and also the presence of negative correlation between them, we conclude that UHRF1 may potentially be involved in p16INK4A down-regulation in elderly AML patients, which may subsequently facilitate the progression of AML in older ages.  

Effects of selenium, zinc, insulin and metallothionein on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and metallothionein gene expression levels in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Gungor ◽  
Haki Kara
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selenium, zinc, insulin, and metallothionein on oxidative damage and metallothionein (MT) gene expression levels in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats exposed to Cd.MethodsRats were categorized under eight groups (control, STZ, Cd, STZ + Cd, Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and STZ + Cd + MT [n:8/group]) were used. After diabetes was induced by STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.), Cd was administered (1 mg/kg CdCl, orally) for 4 weeks. In cadmium-treated groups selenium (Na2SeO3 1.5 mg/kg, i.p.), zinc (ZnSO4 10 mg/kg via oral gavage), insulin (insulin glargine, 2U/day, s.c.), and MT (1mg/kg, every other 10 days, s.c.) were administered. MT gene expression levels, MDA levels, GPx, SOD, and CAT activity levels were determined in liver and kidney tissues.ResultsMT gene expression and MDA levels increased (p < 0.05) while GPx and SOD activity levels decreased (p < 0.05) in STZ, Cd, and STZ + Cd groups. In Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and Group 8 groups MT gene expression and MDA levels were decreased while GPx and SOD activity levels were increased (p < 0.05). CAT activity significantly increased (p < 0.05) in STZ + Cd group while there were no significance in other groups (p > 0.05). Compared to the control, Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and Group 8 groups provided no difference for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels (p > 0.05).ConclusionsOur results suggest that Se, insulin, Zn and MT may have protective effects against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by Cd exposure in diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress and MT gene expression levels.

The Effects of Amoxicillin, Cefazolin, and Gentamicin Antibiotics on the Antioxidant System in Mouse Heart Tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 614-622
Author(s):  
Ahmet Savcı ◽  
Enver Fehim Koçpınar ◽  
Harun Budak ◽  
Mehmet Çiftci ◽  
Melda Şişecioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Background: Free radicals lead to destruction in various organs of the organism. The improper use of antibiotics increases the formation of free radicals and causes oxidative stress. Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of gentamicin, amoxicillin, and cefazolin antibiotics on the mouse heart. Methods: 20 male mice were divided into 4 groups (1st control, 2nd amoxicillin, 3rd cefazolin, and 4th gentamicin groups). The mice in the experimental groups were administered antibiotics intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg / kg for 6 days. The control group received normal saline in the same way. The gene expression levels and enzyme activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GST, and G6PD antioxidant enzymes were investigated. Results : GSH levels decreased in both the amoxicillin and cefazolin groups, while GR, CAT, and SOD enzyme activities increased. In the amoxicillin group, Gr, Gst, Cat, and Sod gene expression levels increased. Conclusion: As a result, it was concluded that amoxicillin and cefazolin caused oxidative stress in the heart, however, gentamicin did not cause any effects.

O-152 Investigation of the relationship of sperm motility and Kisspeptin in subfertile men

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kocaman ◽  
B Ayas
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Motility Parameters ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Abstract Study question Does kisspeptin administration affect the motility parameters in sperm samples of subfertile cases? Summary answer Kisspeptin administration significantly increased gene expression levels related with sperm motility as well as intracellular calcium concentrations. What is known already Sperm motility problems are among the most important causes of male infertility. In recent years, a peptide named kisspeptin has been discovered that may have effects on sperm motility. Kisspeptin is known to trigger calcium release in hypothalamic neurons. In addition, kisspeptin administration increased sperm progressive motility in studies conducted on normozoospermic individuals. Furthermore, it is suggested that kisspeptin protein in seminal plasma is positively associated with semen quality. However, there is no evidence that how kisspeptin can affect sperm in men with infertility problems. Study design, size, duration This basic research study was an in vitro experimental approach involving the use of semen samples from an infertil cases between September to December in 2020. 40 men were included in both control and experimental groups. Participants/materials, setting, methods All analyses were performed on semen samples from 10 normozoospermic (NZ), 10 asthenozoospermic (AZ), 10 oligoasthenozoospermic (OAZ) and 10 oligoastenoteratozoospermic (OATZ) men, aging between (21-40) years. Basal serum and seminal kisspeptin levels were analyzed by ELISA. Sperm were divided into two groups. Kisspeptin-13 administered in vitro. KISS1, KISS1R, CATSPER1, AKAP4 gene expressions analyzed by qRT-PCR using 2−ΔΔCt algorithm. Intracellular calcium concentration was determined with floresence spectroflurometer and laser scanning confocal microscope. Main results and the role of chance The serum kisspeptin level of NZ was significantly higher than other groups (p &lt; 0.05). The semen kisspeptin level was significantly higher than OAZ and OATZ (p &lt; 0.05), but not in NZ (p &gt; 0.05). Also, KISS1 gene expression was higher in AZ compared to other groups (p &lt; 0.05). Biochemical and gene expression analysis of kisspeptin were consistent with each other. There was a significant increase in the expression of CATSPER1 gene in AZ compared to other groups (p &lt; 0.05). Also, AKAP4 gene expression was significantly higher in OATZ compared to other groups (p &lt; 0.05). No significant difference was documented for the expression of KISS1R (p &gt; 0.05). Intracellular calcium was significantly increased in AZ and NZ after kisspeptin administration. The intracellular calcium increase is consistent with increased CATSPER1 gene expression levels in AZ. Kisspeptin administration may have a significant effect on sperm motility parameters. Limitations, reasons for caution The biochemical and gene expression levels of KISS1 were consistent. However, gene expression was explored at the mRNA level for CATSPER1 and AKAP4. The protein expression analyses of these genes may confirm the results. Also, using kisspeptin antagonists may strength the results of intracellular calcium analysis. Wider implications of the findings Kisspeptin treatment for individuals diagnosed with asthenozoospermia may have therapeutic results. KISS1 quantitation may be a determining factor for the subfertility in routine semen analysis. Trial registration number OMU KAEK 2019/462

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