scholarly journals Pharmacological Studies on the Root Bark of Paeonia Moutan. II. Antiinflammatory Effect, Preventive Effect on Stress-induced Gastric Erosion, Inhibitory Effect on Gastric Juice Secretion and Other Effects of Paeonol

1972 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 750-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASATOSHI HARADA ◽  
ATSUKO YAMASHITA ◽  
MASAKI ABURADA
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gastric Erosion ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Antiinflammatory Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Gastric Juice Secretion

scholarly journals Analgesic and Anti-Gastropathic Effects of Salidroside Isolated from Acer tegmentosum Heartwood

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong-Min Yoo ◽  
Jung-Hwan Nam ◽  
Min-Young Kim ◽  
Jongwon Choi ◽  
Kyung-Tae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Gastric Lesion ◽  
Acid Output ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Gastric Juice Secretion ◽  
Medicinal Drug

The heartwood of Acer tegmentosum(Acereaceae) has been used as a Korean traditional medicinal drug against alcohol poisoning and hepatitis. To find the biologically active substance in A. tegmentosum heartwood, we investigated the protective effects of the heartwood extract and its constituents on pain and gastropathy in mouse. In these experiments, salidroside, a major compound, significantly reduced gastric lesion and pain in mice. Oral administration of salidroside at the 10 and 20 mg/kg doses greatly reduced the gastric lesion induced by HCl/ethanol (inhibitory effect, 51.5 and 68.8%, respectively) and by indomethacin/bethanechol (inhibitory effect, 31.3 and 38.8%, respectively). Salidroside also stabilized pH of gastric juice and the increase of gastric juice secretion and total acid output. Taken together, these results demonstrated that salidroside is the main ingredient of A. tegmentosum heartwood to prevent gastric lesion and pain that can be caused by drinking alcohol.

Mechanism of the Antiplatelet Action of Dipyridamole in Whole Blood: Modulation of Adenosine Concentration and Activity

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 012-018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Gresele ◽  
Jef Arnout ◽  
Hans Deckmyn ◽  
Jos Vermylen
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Adenosine Receptor ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Adenosine Concentration ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

SummaryDipyridamole inhibits platelet aggregation in whole blood at lower concentrations than in plasma. The blood cells responsible for increased effectiveness in blood are the erythrocytes. Using the impedance aggregometer we have carried out a series of pharmacological studies in vitro to elucidate the mechanism of action of dipyridamole in whole blood. Adenosine deaminase, an enzyme breaking down adenosine, reverses the inhibitory action of dipyridamole. Two different adenosine receptor antagonists, 5’-deoxy-5’-methylthioadenosine and theophylline, also partially neutralize the activity of dipyridamole in blood. Enprofylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with almost no adenosine receptor antagonistic properties, potentiates the inhibition of platelet aggregation by dipyridamole. An inhibitory effect similar to that of dipyridamole can be obtained combining a pure adenosine uptake inhibitor (RE 102 BS) with a pure phosphodiesterase inhibitor (MX-MB 82 or enprofylline). Mixing the blood during preincubation with dipyridamole increases the degree of inhibition. Lowering the haematocrit slightly reduces the effectiveness.Although we did not carry out direct measurements of adenosine levels, the results of our pharmacological studies clearly show that dipyridamole inhibits platelet aggregation in whole blood by blocking the reuptake of adenosine formed from precursors released by red blood cells following microtrauma. Its slight phosphodiesterase inhibitory action potentiates the effects of adenosine on platelets.

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Liupao Tea Polyphenols on HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Injury in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Peng Peng ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Xianrong Zhou ◽  
Jianfei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Gastric Tissue ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Lesions

Liupao tea is a traditional Chinese tea drink. The preventive effect of crude polyphenols in Liupao tea on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric injury was investigated in this study. After a model of gastric injury in mice was established, mouse serum and tissues were analyzed by biochemical and molecular biological methods. The results showed that Liupao tea polyphenols (LTPs) could effectively reduce the area of gastric mucosal lesions, decrease the volume of gastric juice, and increase the pH of gastric juice in mice with gastric injury. Observations of the pathology revealed that LTPs could alleviate cell necrosis and gastric mucosal injury in mice with gastric injury. The SOD activity and GSH level were decreased in mice after gastric injury, while the level of MDA was increased. LTPs could inhibit the changes caused by gastric injury and make the SOD activity, GSH, and MDA levels close to the normal levels. In addition, LTPs could upregulate the mRNA expression of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, CAT, nNOS, and eNOS and downregulate the expression of iNOS in the gastric tissue of mice with gastric injury. Therefore, LTPs can effectively prevent HCl/ethanol-induced gastric injury. HPLC analysis showed that LTP contains six bioactive substances of gallic acid, catechin, caffeine, epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and epicatechin gallate, so the effect of LTP might mainly come from these six components. The effect of a high concentration of LTP is similar to that of ranitidine. LTPs represent a kind of active substance with a protective effect on gastric tissue.

Both M1 and M3 receptors regulate exocrine secretion by mucous acini

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. C1963-C1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Culp ◽  
W. Luo ◽  
L. A. Richardson ◽  
G. E. Watson ◽  
L. R. Latchney
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Exocrine Secretion ◽  
Muscarinic Agonist ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Muscarinic Response ◽  
M1 Receptor ◽  
M3 Receptors ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Equilibrium Dissociation

We investigated the role of M1 and M3 receptors in regulating exocrine secretion from acini isolated from rat sublingual glands. In secretion experiments, we derived affinity values (KB) from Schild regression analysis for the antagonists pirenzepine (61.0 nM) and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine (4-DAMP; 1.06 nM). The KB for 4-DAMP is similar to its affinity value [equilibrium dissociation constant from competition studies (Ki); 1.81 nM] determined from radioligand competition experiments. In contrast, the KB for pirenzepine is between its high-affinity (17.6 nM) and low-affinity (404 nM) Ki values. In separate secretion experiments, we found that the M1 receptor antagonist, M1-toxin, induces a rightward shift in the concentration-response curve to muscarinic agonist and inhibits maximal secretion by 40%. The inhibitory effect of M1-toxin appears specific for M1 receptor blockade, since the toxin abolishes acinar high-affinity pirenzepine-binding sites and does not inhibit secretion induced by nonmuscarinic agents. Additional pharmacological studies indicate muscarinic receptors do not function through putative neural elements within isolated acini. Our combined results are consistent with both M1 and M3 receptors directly regulating mucous acinar exocrine secretion and indicate M3 receptors alone are insufficient to induce a maximal muscarinic response.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Lycii radicis in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 891-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Young Song ◽  
Hyo Won Jung ◽  
Seok Yong Kang ◽  
Kyung-Ho Kim ◽  
Yong-Ki Park
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The root bark of Lycium barbarum (Lycii radicis cortex, LRC) is used as a cooling agent for fever and night sweats in East Asian traditional medicine. The inhibitory effect of LRC water extract on inflammation is unknown. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of LRC was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage, RAW 264.7 cells. LRC extract significantly decreased the LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG) E2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the cells. In addition, LRC extract inhibited the LPS-induced expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA and protein, and inflammatory cytokines mRNA in the cells. The action mechanism of LRC underlies the blocking of LPS-mediated p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. These results indicate that LRC extract inhibits the inflammatory response in activated macrophages by down-regulating the transcription levels of inflammatory mediators and blocking the MAPKs and NF-κB pathway.

Intrinsic Factor and Gastric Juice Secretion Induced by Pentagastrin

Digestion ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tura ◽  
P.R. Dal Monte ◽  
F. Possati ◽  
E. Fiore
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Gastric Juice Secretion
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