Validity And Reliability Of A Mobile App For Measuring Bar Velocity In The Bench Press Exercise

Abstract Background:Pre-marriage counseling coupled with enriching the couple's relationships skills can lead to better relationships. New approaches and programs are being developed today to improve youth skills. Mobile app education is one of the new educational models in this field. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mobile app intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice of youth for healthy marriage.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019 on 88 young people (44 couples) who were selected by convenience sampling from youth referred to the premarital counseling center of Falavarjan city (Isfahan). At first, the pre-marriage skills training and counseling app was designed and produced, then this app was installed on the intervention group's cellphone. Data were collected using questionnaire based on the content of the app and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed using SPSS (20) and paired t-test and independent t-test were applied. Results:The mean (SD) of couples' age was 21.11 (5.06) years. The results showed that after installation of educational consulting app in the intervention group, the mean score of knowledge (P = 0.001), attitude (P = 0.001), and practice (P = 0.001) after intervention were significantly higher than before the intervention. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that using mobile-based educational and counseling app increases couples' knowledge, attitude and practice in pre-marital education. Therefore, it is recommended that this type of education (mobile app) be used to promote pre-marriage education classes.

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The validity and reliability of a novel mobile app to measure agility performance in the physically active youth population

European Journal of Human Movement ◽

10.21134/eurjhm.2020.45.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 85-92

Author(s):

Juan A. Escobar-Alvarez ◽

Rocio Carrasco ◽

Pedro R. Olivares ◽

Sebastián Feu ◽

Robinson Ramírez-Velez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Analysis ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Standard Error ◽

Low Cost ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Mobile App ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Physically Active ◽

Youth Population ◽

Acceptable Reliability

Agility is a key component of physical fitness in adolescents. However, the measurement of this variable is usually complex, requiring high cost instruments and complex software. To test the validity and reliability of a novel iPhone app (Lap Tracker Auto-timer) to measure agility performance among adolescents. Twenty-four physically active adolescents (15.7 ± 2.3 years old) participated in two testing sessions (separated by 7 days). They performed three 4 x 10 m agility test trials measured by Photocell or the iPhone app. The correlation analysis revealed high validity (r = .92; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .88 – .95), with a standard error of the estimate of 0.56 s (p < 0.001). The coefficient of variation (CV; 0.09) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC; .93; 95% CI = .85 – .97) showed an acceptable reliability. This study demonstrated that the iPhone App Lap Tracker Auto-timer could be a valid, reliable and low-cost tool to evaluate agility performance in adolescents. However, more studies are required to guarantee the utility of this app.

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Validity and Reliability of Kinematics Measured with PUSH Band vs. Linear Encoder in Bench Press and Push-Ups

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports7090207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 207 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Roland van den Tillaar ◽

Nick Ball

Keyword(s):

Bench Press ◽

Peak Velocity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Mean Velocity ◽

Movement Velocity ◽

Lower Velocity ◽

Linear Encoder ◽

Measurement Devices ◽

Level Of Agreement ◽

Push Up

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of a PUSH band device with a linear encoder to measure movement velocity with different loads during the push-up and bench press exercises. Methods: Twenty resistance-trained athletes performed push-up and bench press exercises with four different loads: without weight vest, 10-20-30 kg weight vest, bench press: 50–82% of their assumed 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) in steps of 10 kg. A linear encoder (Musclelab) and the PUSH band measured mean and peak velocity during both exercises. Several statistical analyses were used to investigate the validity and reliability of the PUSH band with the linear encoder. Results: The main findings of this study demonstrated only moderate associations between the PUSH band and linear encoder for mean velocity (r = 0.62, 0.70) and peak velocity (r = 0.46, 0.49) for both exercises. Furthermore, a good level of agreement (peak velocity: ICC = 0.60, 0.64; mean velocity: ICC = 0.77, 0.78) was observed between the two measurement devices. However, a significant bias was found with lower velocity values measured with the PUSH band in both exercises. In the push-up, both the linear encoder and PUSH band were deemed very reliable (ICC > 0.98; the coefficient of variation (CV): 5.9–7.3%). Bench press reliability decreased for the PUSH band (ICC < 0.95), and the coefficient of variance increased to (12.8–13.3%) for the velocity measures. Calculated 1 RM with the two devices was the same for the push-up, while in bench press the PUSH band under-estimated the 1 RM by 14 kg compared to the linear encoder. Conclusions: It was concluded that the PUSH band will show decreased reliability from velocity measures in a bench press exercise and underestimate load-velocity based 1 RM predictions. For training, the PUSH band can be used during push-ups, however caution is suggested when using the device for the purposes of feedback in bench press at increasing loads.

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Validity and reliability of an optoelectronic system to measure movement velocity during bench press and half squat in a Smith machine

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part P Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology ◽

10.1177/1754337119872418 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 234 (1) ◽

pp. 88-97

Author(s):

Borja Muniz-Pardos ◽

Gabriel Lozano-Berges ◽

Jorge Marin-Puyalto ◽

Alex Gonzalez-Agüero ◽

German Vicente-Rodriguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bench Press ◽

Reference Method ◽

Testing Session ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Optoelectronic System ◽

Movement Velocity ◽

Force System ◽

Repetition Maximum ◽

Strength Exercises ◽

Wide Range

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of a camera-based optoelectronic system to measure movement velocity during bench press and half squat at different load intensities. A total of 22 active males (age: 28.2 ± 3.9 years; one-repetition maximum bench press: 77.9 ± 19.0 kg; one-repetition maximum half squat: 116.6 ± 22.5 kg) participated in this study. After an initial one-repetition maximum testing session, participants performed five repetitions for each load (40%, 60% and 80% one-repetition maximum) and exercise (bench press and half squat) on a Smith machine in the second testing session. A third testing session was used for the test–retest reliability study. Time, displacement and mean propulsive velocity were simultaneously determined by the reference method (T-Force system) and the Velowin system. In bench press, ordinary least products regression analysis revealed low fixed biases for mean propulsive velocity at 40%, time at 60% and displacement at 80% one-repetition maximum (intercept = 0.065 m s−1, −28.02 ms and 0.87 cm, respectively). In half squat, low fixed biases were also detected for mean propulsive velocity at 40% and 80% one-repetition maximum (intercept = −0.040 and 0.023 m s−1, respectively), time at 40% and 60% one-repetition maximum (intercept = −53.05 and −101.85 ms, respectively) and displacement at 60% one-repetition maximum (intercept = −1.95 cm). Proportional bias was only observed for mean propulsive velocity at 80% bench press. In half squat, there was proportional bias for time and mean propulsive velocity at 40% one-repetition maximum, and also for time at 60% one-repetition maximum. The reliability test showed low and comparable fixed and proportional biases between systems across exercises and intensities. Velowin confirmed to be a valid and reliable system to measure movement velocity across a wide range of intensities (40%–80% one-repetition maximum) for two basic strength exercises through a robust statistical approach. Velowin would provide coaches and trainers with a suitable, affordable and easy-to-use equipment capable of measuring movement velocity in various exercises at different load intensities.

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The Acute Post-Activation Performance Enhancement of the Bench Press Throw in Disabled Sitting Volleyball Athletes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073818 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3818

Author(s):

Michal Krzysztofik ◽

Patryk Matykiewicz ◽

Diana Celebanska ◽

Jakub Jarosz ◽

Eliza Gawel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Peak Power ◽

Bench Press ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Peak Power Output ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Before And After ◽

Bar Velocity ◽

Post Hoc

The purpose of the present study was to examine the acute effects of the bench press exercise with predetermined velocity loss percentage on subsequent bench press throw (BPT) performance with raised legs or feet on the floor among disabled, sitting volleyball players. Twelve elite sitting volleyball athletes (age = 33 ± 9 years; body mass = 84.7 ± 14.7 kg; relative bench press maximum strength = 1.0 ± 0.3 kg/body mass) took part in this study. The experiment was performed following a randomized crossover design, where each participant performed a single set of bench press with a 60% one-repetition maximum (1RM) to a 10% decrease of mean bar velocity as a conditioning activity (CA). The BPT with a 60%1RM was performed to assess changes in peak power (PP), peak velocity (PV) before and after the CA. The differences between analyzed variables before and after the CA were verified using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (condition × time; 2 × 2). The ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time for peak bar velocity (p = 0.03; η2 = 0.312) and peak power output (p = 0.037; η2 = 0.294). The post hoc comparison showed a significant increase in post-CA peak bar velocity and peak power for raised legs condition in comparison with pre-CA value (p = 0.02, p = 0.041, respectively). The present study showed that the subsequent BPT performed with raised legs could be enhanced by the bench press with a 60% 1RM to a 10% mean bar velocity decrease as a CA among disabled sitting volleyball players. Therefore, athletes and coaches can consider performing a bench press throw with raised legs without compromising performance.

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Acute Effects of High Doses of Caffeine on Bar Velocity during the Bench Press Throw in Athletes Habituated to Caffeine: A Randomized, Double-Blind and Crossover Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10194380 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (19) ◽

pp. 4380

Author(s):

Aleksandra Filip-Stachnik ◽

Michal Krzysztofik ◽

Juan Del Coso ◽

Michal Wilk

Keyword(s):

Bench Press ◽

Experimental Session ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Mean Velocity ◽

Double Blind ◽

Repetition Maximum ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Bar Velocity ◽

High Doses ◽

Acute Intake

Chronic intake of caffeine may produce a reduction in the potential performance benefits obtained with the acute intake of this substance. For this reason, athletes habituated to caffeine often use high doses of caffeine (≥9 mg/kg) to overcome tolerance to caffeine ergogenicity due to chronic intake. The main objective of the current investigation was to evaluate the effects of high caffeine doses on bar velocity during an explosive bench press throw in athletes habituated to caffeine. Twelve resistance-trained athletes, with a moderate-to-high chronic intake of caffeine (~5.3 mg/kg/day) participated in a randomized double-blind and randomized experimental design. Each participant performed three identical experimental sessions 60 min after the intake of a placebo (PLAC) or after the intake of 9 (CAF-9) or 12 mg/kg (CAF-12) of caffeine. In each experimental session, the athletes performed five sets of two repetitions of the bench press throw exercise with a load equivalent to 30% of their one-repetition maximum. In comparison to PLAC, the intake of caffeine increased peak and mean velocity (p < 0.01) during the five sets of the bench press throw exercise. There were no significant differences in peak and mean bar velocity between the two doses of caffeine (CAF-9 vs. CAF-12; p = 0.91, = 0.96, respectively). The ingestion of high doses of caffeine was effective in producing an increase in mean and peak bar velocity during the bench press throw in a group of habitual caffeine users. However, using CAF-12 did not offer additional benefits for performance with respect to CAF-9.

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The effect of self-selecting the number of repetitions on motor performance and psychological outcomes

10.31236/osf.io/en3wx ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Aviv Emanuel ◽

Itai Har-Nir ◽

Itzhak Rozen Smukas ◽

Israel Halperin

Keyword(s):

Motor Performance ◽

Bench Press ◽

Force Production ◽

Psychological Outcomes ◽

The Self ◽

Considerable Variability ◽

Trained Subjects ◽

Repetition Maximum ◽

Bar Velocity

In resistance-training, the number of repetitions can be either fixed and predetermined (e.g., 3 sets of 10 repetitions), or selected by the trainee during ongoing sets (e.g., 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions). The first approach is more goal-focused while the latter is more autonomy-focused. Here we compared between these two approaches on motor performance and psychological outcomes. Nineteen resistance-trained subjects (10-males) first completed one repetition-maximum (RM) tests in the barbell-squat and bench-press, and were familiarized with the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP). In the next two counterbalanced sessions, subjects completed two sets of the squat and bench-press using 70%1RM, and two sets of the IMTP. In the predetermined session, subjects completed 10 repetitions in all sets, and in the self-selected session, subjects chose how many repetitions to complete out of an 8-12 range. Bar-velocity was measured in the squat and bench-press, and force production in the IMTP. Enjoyment, perceived-autonomy, and approach-preferences were collected post-sessions. We observed comparable bar-velocity, force production, and enjoyment in both conditions (all BF01>2.1), and an even approach-preferences split. However, in the self-selected condition, subjects demonstrated considerable variability in the number of repetitions and reported greater perceived-autonomy. Given the similarities between approaches, both can be used with this cohort based on their personal-preference. Yet, we note that the self-selected approach has two distinct benefits: the variability in the number of repetitions completed suggests that subjects regulated their efforts, and the higher perceived autonomy could lead to long-term improvements in motor and psychological outcomes.

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The German Version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS-G): Development and Validation Study

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/14479 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. e14479 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Eva-Maria Messner ◽

Yannik Terhorst ◽

Antonia Barke ◽

Harald Baumeister ◽

Stoyan Stoyanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Mobile App ◽

Systematic Evaluation ◽

German Version ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Health Apps

Background The number of mobile health apps (MHAs), which are developed to promote healthy behaviors, prevent disease onset, manage and cure diseases, or assist with rehabilitation measures, has exploded. App store star ratings and descriptions usually provide insufficient or even false information about app quality, although they are popular among end users. A rigorous systematic approach to establish and evaluate the quality of MHAs is urgently needed. The Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) is an assessment tool that facilitates the objective and systematic evaluation of the quality of MHAs. However, a German MARS is currently not available. Objective The aim of this study was to translate and validate a German version of the MARS (MARS-G). Methods The original 19-item MARS was forward and backward translated twice, and the MARS-G was created. App description items were extended, and 104 MHAs were rated twice by eight independent bilingual researchers, using the MARS-G and MARS. The internal consistency, validity, and reliability of both scales were assessed. Mokken scale analysis was used to investigate the scalability of the overall scores. Results The retranslated scale showed excellent alignment with the original MARS. Additionally, the properties of the MARS-G were comparable to those of the original MARS. The internal consistency was good for all subscales (ie, omega ranged from 0.72 to 0.91). The correlation coefficients (r) between the dimensions of the MARS-G and MARS ranged from 0.93 to 0.98. The scalability of the MARS (H=0.50) and MARS-G (H=0.48) were good. Conclusions The MARS-G is a reliable and valid tool for experts and stakeholders to assess the quality of health apps in German-speaking populations. The overall score is a reliable quality indicator. However, further studies are needed to assess the factorial structure of the MARS and MARS-G.

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The effects of lifting lighter and heavier loads on subjective measures

10.31236/osf.io/r5ces ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Aviv Emanuel ◽

Itzhak Rozen Smukas ◽

Israel Halperin

Keyword(s):

Bench Press ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Subjective Measures ◽

Affective Valence ◽

Task Failure ◽

Reaching Task ◽

Perceived Effort ◽

Failure Loads ◽

Bar Velocity ◽

Load Conditions

Background: Despite the progress made in the study of subjective measures in resistance-training, some questions remain unanswered. Here we investigated if ratings of perceived effort (RPE) can predict task-failure and bar-velocity across exercises and loads as a primary outcome, and whether a battery of subjective measures differ as a function of the lifted loads as a secondary outcome. Methods: In this preregistered study, twenty resistance-trained subjects (50%-females) first completed one repetition-maximum (RM) tests of the barbell-squat and bench-press. On the second and third sessions, subjects completed two sets of squats followed by two sets of bench-press to task-failure, using 70% or 83% of 1RM, while bar-velocity was recorded. RPE scores were recorded after every repetition. In addition to RPE, Rating-of-fatigue, affective-valence, enjoyment, and load-preferences were collected after sets- and sessions-completion. Results: Across conditions, RPE was strongly correlated with reaching task-failure (r= .86) and moderately correlated with bar-velocity (r= -.58). Our model indicates that an increase in one RPE unit is associated with an 11% shift towards task-failure, and a 4% reduction in bar-velocity, with steeper slopes observed in the heavier condition. Negligible differences were observed between the load-conditions in rating-of-fatigue, affective-valence, enjoyment, and load-preference. Conclusion: RPE scores, collected on a repetition-by-repetition basis, accurately reflected reaching task-failure across loads and conditions. Hence, RPE can be used to prescribe repetition numbers during ongoing sets. The negligible differences between load conditions in rating-of-fatigue, affective-valence, enjoyment, and load-preference indicate that when sets are taken to task-failure, loads can be selected based on individual preferences.

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How one feels during resistance exercises: A repetition by repetition analysis across exercises and loads

10.31236/osf.io/4qbgj ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Aviv Emanuel ◽

Itzhak Rozen Smukas ◽

Israel Halperin

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Bench Press ◽

Affective Valence ◽

Trained Subjects ◽

Task Failure ◽

Position Transducer ◽

Feeling Scale ◽

Resistance Exercises ◽

Bar Velocity

Purpose: The feeling scale (FS) is a unique and underexplored scale in sport sciences that measures affective valence. FS has the potential to be used in athletic environments as a monitoring and prescription tool. We sought to examine whether FS ratings, as measured on a repetition-by-repetition basis, can predict proximity to task-failure and bar velocity across different exercises and loads. Methods: On the first day, 20 trained subjects (10 females) completed 1RM tests in the barbell bench and squat exercises and were introduced to the FS. On the following three sessions, subjects completed three sets to task-failure with either 1) 70%1RM bench-press, 2) 70%1RM squat (squat-70%), or 3) 80%1RM squat (squat-80%). Sessions were completed in a randomized, counter-balanced order. After every completed repetition, subjects verbally reported their FS ratings. Bar velocity was measured via linear position transducer. Results: FS ratings predicted failure-proximity and bar velocity in all three conditions (p<0.001, R2 range: 0.66-0.85). Specifically, a reduction of one unit in the FS corresponded to approaching task-failure by 14%, 11% and 11%, and to a reduction in bar velocity of 10%, 4% and 3%, in the bench, squat-70% and squat-80%, respectively. Conclusion: This is the first study to investigate if the FS can be used in RT environments among trained subjects, on a repetition-by-repetition basis. The results show strong predictive abilities of the FS, indicating that the scale can be used to monitor and prescribe resistance training, and that its benefits should be further explored.

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