Labor Rationing

This paper measures excess labor supply in equilibrium. We induce hiring shocks—which employ 24 percent of the labor force in external month-long jobs—in Indian local labor markets. In peak months, wages increase instantaneously and local aggregate employment declines. In lean months, consistent with severe labor rationing, wages and aggregate employment are unchanged, with positive employment spillovers on remaining workers, indicating that over a quarter of labor supply is rationed. At least 24 percent of lean self-employment among casual workers occurs because they cannot find jobs. Consequently, traditional survey approaches mismeasure labor market slack. Rationing has broad implications for labor market analysis. (JEL E24, J22, J23, J31, J64, O15, R23)

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Implications of higher retirement age for the labor market

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2017-3-22-39 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 22-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. Ivanova ◽

A. Balaev ◽

E. Gurvich

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Labor Market ◽

Labor Supply ◽

Labor Force ◽

Labor Demand ◽

Retirement Age ◽

Demographic Trends ◽

Men And Women ◽

Demographic Projections ◽

The Impact

The paper considers the impact of the increase in retirement age on labor supply and economic growth. Combining own estimates of labor participation and demographic projections by the Rosstat, the authors predict marked fall in the labor force (by 5.6 million persons over 2016-2030). Labor demand is also going down but to a lesser degree. If vigorous measures are not implemented, the labor force shortage will reach 6% of the labor force by the period end, thus restraining economic growth. Even rapid and ambitious increase in the retirement age (by 1 year each year to 65 years for both men and women) can only partially mitigate the adverse consequences of demographic trends.

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Movilidad laboral geográfica en un antiguo enclave minero. La inversión de un mercado de trabajo local

región y sociedad ◽

10.22198/rys.1999.18.a764 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (18) ◽

Author(s):

Camilo Contreras Delgado

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Economic History ◽

Labor Mobility ◽

Work Place ◽

Local Labor Markets ◽

Local Labor Market ◽

Local Factors ◽

The Social ◽

History Of

Resumen:Este artículo examina los fa c t o res internos y externos a una localidad que son copartícipes en la estructuración y reestructuración de su mercado de trabajo local. A partir de la revisión de la historia social y económica del lugar, se destaca su tránsito de enclave minero a lugar de residencia de mineros y trabajadores de maquiladoras. En este caso, se presenta la constitución de los mercados de trabajo locales como un resultado del encuentro de las condiciones del lugar de residencia de los trabajadores y el lugar donde se encuentra el centro de trabajo. De aquí que la movilidad laboral geográfica aparezca como una de las tácticas de los sujetos ante una situación de desempleo.Palabras clave: Mercado de trabajo, Minería, Maquiladoras, Mineros, Movilidad laboral, Desempleo.Abstract:This article examines the internal and external local factors shaping the structuring and restructuring of a local labor market. By reviewing the social and economic history of the community, this article underlines its transition from a mining setting to a residence place for miners and maquila workers. In this case, the constitution of local labor markets is presented as a result of the condition encounter of both workers residence place and the location of the work place. This is a reason explaining why geographical labor mobility comes to be an actor tactic to face unemployment.Key words: Labor market, Mining, Export-oriented industry, Miners, Labor mobility, Unemployment.

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Risk, Recessions and Resilience: Towards Sustainable Local Labor Markets through Employment Portfolio Analysis

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13147926 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 7926

Author(s):

Bharman Gulati ◽

Stephan Weiler

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Positive Impact ◽

The United States ◽

Local Economy ◽

Local Labor Markets ◽

Local Labor Market ◽

Business Survival ◽

Trade Offs ◽

New Business

This paper explores the role of local labor market dynamics on the survival of new businesses. The characteristics of the local labor market are likely to influence the survival of new businesses, the level of entrepreneurship, and the resilience of the regional economy. We apply portfolio theory to evaluate employment-based and income-based measures of risk-and-return trade-offs in local labor markets on new business survival in the United States. Our results show that volatility in local labor markets has a positive impact on new business survival, especially in Metropolitan Statistical Areas. The results are robust across different timeframes, including during economic downturns, thus highlighting the contribution of new businesses in developing the resilience of the local economy, and further promoting sustainable regional economic development.

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Contingent High-Skilled Work and Flexible Labor Markets. Creative Workers and Independent Contractors Cycling Between Employment and Unemployment

Swiss Journal of Sociology ◽

10.1515/sjs-2017-0015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 253-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pierre-Michel Menger

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Unemployment Insurance ◽

Performing Arts ◽

Independent Contractors ◽

Employment System ◽

Flexible Labor ◽

Self Employment ◽

Highly Skilled ◽

Creative Workers

Abstract Flexibility in highly skilled jobs combines the characteristics of the secondary and the professional labor market, which oblige to revise the separation between salaried work and self-employment. Two cases are studied: the employment system of artists and technical workers in the performing arts and the work of independent contractors mediated by umbrella firms. An analysis of the French labor market shows how “flexicurity” may work, but also how its books may get unbalanced, as employers learn to make strategic use of unemployment insurance.

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Place Based Policies with Unemployment

The American Economic Review ◽

10.1257/aer.103.3.238 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 103 (3) ◽

pp. 238-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Patrick Kline ◽

Enrico Moretti

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Housing Market ◽

Job Creation ◽

Local Labor Markets ◽

Local Labor Market ◽

Simple Search

We develop a stylized model of frictional local labor markets with the goal of studying the efficiency of unemployment differences across areas. The model adapts the widely used Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides framework to a local labor market setting with a competitive housing market. The result is a simple search analogue of the classic Roback model that provides a tractable environment for studying the effects of local job creation efforts.

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Tarım Sektöründe İşgücü Terminolojisinin Tanımlanması

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v8i3.773-783.3357 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 773

Author(s):

Zeki Bayramoğlu ◽

Merve Bozdemir

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Labor Force ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Labor Demand ◽

Agricultural Labor ◽

Market Structures ◽

Market Formation ◽

Total Labor

Labor is the efficient part of the population in production. Total labor supply that occurs subject to the developments in the population and labor demand that shapes according to the economic conditions; are two basic elements of market formation. Labor markets can be defined as a social organization where supply and demand are met and wage occurs. Labor market among all market structures are in such position that is significantly affected by other units of the economy and highly affects them due to its functioning and features. Therefore, during the production process and planning, it is necessary to analyze the labor markets in detail. The agricultural labor market within the labor markets which forms the basis of the economy and contributes to other markets from various sources, needs to be analyzed. The agricultural labor should be analyzed and classified because of the following reasons; the agricultural labor has direct contribution in the use of natural resources and capital elements in agricultural sector; the labor is used more intensively in the unit area in agricultural activities compared to other sectors; transfer of labor is realized from the agricultural sector to other sectors; agricultural labor composes the source of the hidden unemployment and structural unemployment. In addition, labor in agricultural sector should be classified in order to determine the types of labor force to be used in data formation for public institutions / organizations and to facilitate access to the correct decision processes in the projects and policies to be created by contributing to obtaining reliable statistical data. In line with those determined objectives, this study was carried out to determine the types of labor force in the agricultural sector, to combine the conceptual definitions made and to provide semantic integrity in the literature.

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The Composition of Labor Supply and Its Evolution from 2010 to 2016 in Jordan

The Jordanian Labor Market ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198846079.003.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 11-42

Author(s):

Ragui Assaad ◽

Caroline Krafft ◽

Caitlyn Keo

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Labor Supply ◽

Labor Force ◽

Sex Education ◽

Labor Force Participation ◽

Annual Data ◽

Place Of Residence ◽

Panel Surveys ◽

Working Age ◽

Working Age Population

This chapter investigates the changing character of labor supply in Jordan from 2010 to 2016. We examine recent demographic developments as well as the rapid increases in educational attainment among Jordanians. A particular focus of the chapter is on the demographic changes, such as the large increase in the working age population, generated by the recent refugee influx. Labor force participation, as well as its components of unemployment and employment, are examined using a variety of definitions. We examine differential patterns of participation by age, sex, education, and place of residence. Data from the Jordan Labor Market Panel Surveys of 2010 and 2016 are supplemented with annual data from the Jordanian Employment and Unemployment Survey (EUS) for the intervening years.

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Fluctuations and Rigidities in Local Labor Markets. Part 1: Theory and Evidence

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a150165 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 165-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

G L Clark

Keyword(s):

Spectral Analysis ◽

Labor Market ◽

Business Cycle ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Local Labor Markets ◽

Hours Worked ◽

Long Run ◽

Short Run ◽

The Business Cycle ◽

Us Cities

Cyclical sensitivity in employment, wages, and hours worked are explored with reference to three industries and eleven US cities over the period 1972–1980. Conventional neoclassical discrete-exchange models of the labor market are shown to be inadequate because of marked rigidities in the patterns of short-run adjustment. Money wages are very stable, being dominated by a long-run trend, and firms tend to adjust hours worked and only then employment in the short run. There are, however, significant interregional variations in these patterns within the same industry. Spectral analysis and tests for periodicities in the patterns of residuals derived from trend-line estimates of money wages confirm a supposition that urban Phillips curves do not exist. The evidence supports the implicit notion of contract theory that continuous employer-worker relationships exist over the business cycle. The question of how useful, in general, this theory might be is left open for the present.

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