scholarly journals Tarım Sektöründe İşgücü Terminolojisinin Tanımlanması

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Zeki Bayramoğlu ◽  
Merve Bozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Market Formation ◽  
Total Labor

Labor is the efficient part of the population in production. Total labor supply that occurs subject to the developments in the population and labor demand that shapes according to the economic conditions; are two basic elements of market formation. Labor markets can be defined as a social organization where supply and demand are met and wage occurs. Labor market among all market structures are in such position that is significantly affected by other units of the economy and highly affects them due to its functioning and features. Therefore, during the production process and planning, it is necessary to analyze the labor markets in detail. The agricultural labor market within the labor markets which forms the basis of the economy and contributes to other markets from various sources, needs to be analyzed. The agricultural labor should be analyzed and classified because of the following reasons; the agricultural labor has direct contribution in the use of natural resources and capital elements in agricultural sector; the labor is used more intensively in the unit area in agricultural activities compared to other sectors; transfer of labor is realized from the agricultural sector to other sectors; agricultural labor composes the source of the hidden unemployment and structural unemployment. In addition, labor in agricultural sector should be classified in order to determine the types of labor force to be used in data formation for public institutions / organizations and to facilitate access to the correct decision processes in the projects and policies to be created by contributing to obtaining reliable statistical data. In line with those determined objectives, this study was carried out to determine the types of labor force in the agricultural sector, to combine the conceptual definitions made and to provide semantic integrity in the literature.

Support of employers as a factor of labor market balance

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
L.M. Nizova ◽  
N. M. Nabiev
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The State ◽  
Employment Service ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
Market Formation ◽  
The Creation

The priorities and problems of balancing the supply and demand of the labor force are investigated, the prerequisites and factors of the labor market formation are determined. The role of the employment service bodies in assisting employers in selecting the necessary employees is revealed. The causes and consequences between the creation and preservation of jobs, the state of employment and unemployment are established. Measures to stabilize the employment sector based on the formation of a civilized labor market are proposed.

scholarly journals Labor Markets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Market Equilibrium ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Competitive Labor Market

What is the labor market? Like the goods and services markets, a labor market consists of the supply and demand sides. In the labor market, while workers supply labor, firms demand labor. This chapter studies the backward-bending nature of the labor supply curve and the downward-sloping nature of the labor demand curve. We also analyze the labor market equilibrium in a perfectly competitive labor market. Several policies such as immigration and minimum wage will be introduced to illustrate how government policies affect the labor market equilibrium.

Implications of higher retirement age for the labor market

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ivanova ◽  
A. Balaev ◽  
E. Gurvich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Demographic Projections ◽  
The Impact

The paper considers the impact of the increase in retirement age on labor supply and economic growth. Combining own estimates of labor participation and demographic projections by the Rosstat, the authors predict marked fall in the labor force (by 5.6 million persons over 2016-2030). Labor demand is also going down but to a lesser degree. If vigorous measures are not implemented, the labor force shortage will reach 6% of the labor force by the period end, thus restraining economic growth. Even rapid and ambitious increase in the retirement age (by 1 year each year to 65 years for both men and women) can only partially mitigate the adverse consequences of demographic trends.

scholarly journals Review of methodological approaches to the analysis of the transformation of the agricultural labor market in modern Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-214
Author(s):  
Maria N. Mukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
New Production ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
The Social

The article provides an overview and generalization of Russian studies of the transformation of the agricultural labor market in the post-Soviet period. Researchers of the Russian countryside reflect the obtained results in publications mainly describing the problems associated with the Russian countryside and the agricultural labor market. This is, first of all, the destruction of the rural infrastructure, poverty, unemployment, the interaction of old and new production entities (agricultural enterprises, peasant farms, private household plots and agricultural holdings), the loss of communication between villagers and agricultural enterprises, the villagers models of social adaptation and labor behavior. These processes served as a methodological support for the analysis and empirical evidence of how consciously villagers have been changing social and labor practices under the pressure of institutional transformations and agricultural modernization. Based on the choice of rational behavioral models in the labor market, they transformed the social structure of the village under the pressure of the market economy values, new rules, norms and institutional requirements. Modern processes in the agro-industrial field in the context of the property transformation contributed to the formation of a new agrarian structure, constructed by new subjects. The new and old production subjects interact in a multi-structured economy. They are important “players” in the institutional field of the agricultural sector, thus influencing the social and structural processes in the labor market. This determined a new configuration of the social rural groups employed in the formal and informal sectors.

scholarly journals The Influence of London on Labor Markets in Southern England, 1830-1914

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Labor Market Conditions ◽  
Southern England ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
Short Run

Historians have long acknowledged that London, because of its enormous size and rapidly growing demand for labor, acted as a powerful magnet for migrants from throughout southern England. However, while there is a large literature documenting the flow of migrants to London, there have been surprisingly few attempts to determine the consequences of this migration for southern labor markets. This article attempts to redress the imbalance in the literature by examining the influence of London on agricultural labor markets during the nineteenth century. In particular, the article examines the effect of distance from London on wage rates in southern England at various points in time, and the effect of labor market conditions in London on short-run changes in agricultural wage rates.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE ECONOMIC INTERACTION OF THE LABOR MARKET AND HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1(74)) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
O.M. GUTSALYUK ◽  
A.S. NAVOLOKINA
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Higher Medical Education

Topicality The relevance of the research of the economic interaction of the labor market and human resources in the healthcare sector is growing today, as it is necessary to involve all interested parties to effective interaction, to ensure the flexibility of higher and vocational education system by adjustment of labor training to the needs of employers. Aim and tasks. The goal of the study is to analyze the interaction of labor markets and education, identify the main disadvantages of this interaction and develop proposals to increase its productivity in the context of meeting the needs and interests of the subjects of these markets. Research results. The interaction of labor markets and educational services can be considered as coordinated behavior of entities engaged in economic activity in these markets in order to balance the supply and demand for skilled labor, create conditions for socio-economic growth of the national economy through the reproduction of human capital and increasing the competitiveness of the workforce. The economic interaction of the labor market and the human resources in the healthcare sector of Ukraine has been analyzed. An assessment of the competitiveness of the field of higher medical education and its institutions in the context of the economic interaction has been carried out. The level of the economic interaction of the educational services market and the labor market has been determined. The process of harmonization of the labor market of EU countries and Ukraine has been investigated. The main causes and disadvantages of the economic interaction of the educational services and the labor markets have been identified. The directions of improvement of the forecasting process of the labor market development as measures of improving the productivity of the studied processes are suggested. The approach to determining the competitive position of a higher medical education institution using a qualimetric approach has been considered, where educational and pedagogical work, personnel, scientific work and international activity are chosen as parameters. The main factor by the parameter of educational and pedagogical work is the medical work, which includes the following evaluation criteria: the number of university clinics, consultative and surgical activity of employees during the year, participation in the creation of clinical protocols, the availability of medical qualification among the teachers, technology acquisition of practical skills. According to the results of competitiveness assessment of higher education institutions, it is proposed to determine the following levels: critical (low); sufficient (average); high (higher than average); excellent (very high). Conclusion. The results of the study indicate an unsatisfactory level of the economic interaction of the labor market and the human resources in the healthcare sector in Ukraine, which is manifested in an imbalance in supply and demand for specialists in the relevant specialties, the low percentage of employed graduates of HEI, the high share of unemployed with higher education and the absence of direct connection between the amount of expenses on the education and the quality of educational services, the imperfection in the information support system and the poor state of forecasting processes in the main indicators of functioning and development of the labor market.

scholarly journals Analysis of the agricultural labor force and its impact on agricultural products obtained in the South-Muntenia region

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 2640-2649
Author(s):  
FLORINA RUXANDRA TEODORESCU ◽  
◽  
LIVIU MĂRCUȚĂ ◽  
CĂTĂLINANICOLETA COMAN ◽  
VALENTINA CONSTANȚA TUDOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
The South ◽  
Development Region ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to highlight the impact that the labor force in the agricultural sector has on the production obtained from the main crops in the South-Muntenia development region, Romania, in the period 2014-2018. Following the study of theoretical aspects in the fields mentioned above and combining these studies with the interpretation and analysis of statistical data, an analysis will be established to establish the level at which the agricultural labor force in the South-Muntenia region impacts the productions of five important crops. Romanian agricultural sector, respectively: wheat, corn, sunflower, rapeseed and soybeans. In the South-Muntenia region, made up of Argeș, Călărași, Dâmbovița, Giurgiu, Ialomița, Prahova and Teleorman counties, the percentage of people working in the agricultural sector in 2018 was 27.8% of the total population of this region.

scholarly journals Socio-Geographical Concept of Labor Market Monitoring and Regional Employment Policy Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 05013
Author(s):  
Kateryna Butkaliuk ◽  
Valentyna Shchabelska ◽  
Mariia Bykova ◽  
Iuliia Pologovska
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Regional Employment ◽  
Market Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

The necessity of socio-geographical concept elaboration and implementation for labor market monitoring and regional employment policy formation is grounded from the socio-geographical point of view. It has been established that: 1) the versatility and complex nature of the labor market development specificated by natural and socio-economic factors of important geographical content has determined its socio-geographical essence; 2) the development of the concept requires different approaches, principles and research methods, including socio-geographical, taking into account various labor market factors; 3)the concept should take into account the influence of the laws of the production and human settlement territorial organisation, as well as the level of development and structure of the region's economy; 4)the concept should take into account the peculiarities of the labor market formation and development in the economic system agricultural sector as well as the impact of current risks and challenges on the social and labor sphere of public life; 5) the implementation of such a concept has to provide the balancing of labor supply and demand within the country and its regions; 6)regional employment policy should be aimed at rational use of the territory labor potential.

Skill Shortages, Skill Gaps, and Labor Demand

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-106
Author(s):  
Michael J. Camasso ◽  
Radha Jagannathan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Labor Market Institutions ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Skill Gaps ◽  
Active Labor Market Policies

The focus in this chapter is on the consequences of employers’ decisions and on labor market institutions that create flexible, rigid, or segmented labor markets. The authors profile how each of the focal countries maintains culturally distinctive production functions and how these approaches to the creation of goods and services impact employment and overall economic performance. The importance of a labor market designed around the production of value-added product for export is highlighted, as is the pressure it places on renewal of knowledge and skill sets and flexible labor markets. Failures of the labor market in the forms of unemployment, underemployment, and low labor force participation have resulted in a variety of government interventions or active labor market policies. The authors examine the effectiveness of a number of these policies, including subsidies paid to employees, minimum wages, and employment subsidies to private businesses and public sector jobs.

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