scholarly journals Comparison between fractal analysis and radiopacity evaluation as a tool for studying repair of an osseous defect in an animal model using biomaterials

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 20180466
Author(s):  
Nathália R. Gomes ◽  
Juliano D.S. Albergaria ◽  
Jonathas A. de S. Henriques ◽  
Tânia M.P. Amaral ◽  
Evandro N. Abdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Final Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Time Point ◽  
Osseous Defect ◽  
Time Point

Objectives: To evaluate bone repair of an osseous defect in a rat animal model through fractal analysis and radiopacity analysis in radiographic images. Methods: 120 rats were subjected to extraction of their first molar and divided into four groups (n = 6/group) according to the material used for bone grafting: mineralized bovine bone, demineralized bovine bone (DBB), blood clot (BC - control) or Bio-Oss® (BO). The animals were sacrificed after 1, 7, 14, 21 and 49 days and subjected to radiographic evaluation. For fractal analysis (FA), a square regionof interest of 30 × 30 pixels was used, and radiopacity was measured as the mean gray scale (MGS) value for three points of 5 × 5 pixels in the apical, medial and coronal regions of the defect. Histomorphometric evaluation was realized as the gold standard for bone neo-formation and maturation of the new osseous matrix. Results: Histomorphometric evaluation suggested that DBB showed faster mineralized deposition and resulted in more mature bone at the final time point of evaluation. Mineralized bovine bone and Bio-Oss presented similar results. The mineralized groups did not show significant differences in bone maturation. The radiopacity analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the DBB and blood clot groups at the final time point. FA did not show any significant differences at the final time point. Conclusions: Mean gray scale seemed to be more effective for the quantification of bone repair than FA in the demineralized group in this animal model. Results for the mineralized groups did not reveal a significant difference, leading to the conclusion that both methods are effective.

scholarly journals The action of demineralized bovine bone matrix on bone neoformation in rats submitted to experimental alcoholism

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Buchaim ◽  
J.C. Andreo ◽  
A. C. Rodrigues ◽  
D.V. Buchaim ◽  
D.V. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
Bone Tissue Formation

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether demineralized bovine bone (Gen-ox®) alters bone neoformation in rats submitted to alcoholism. Forty male rats were separated into two groups of 20 rats and distributed as follows: Group E1, which received 25% ethanol and a surgical cavity filled only by a blood clot, and Group E2, which received 25% ethanol and a surgical cavity filled with Gen-ox®. The animals were euthanized at 10, 20, 40 and 60 days after surgery and necropsy was performed. The histomorphological and histometric analyses of the area of connective tissue and bone neoformation showed that the reorganization of the bone marrow and full repair of the surgical cavity in Group E1 occurred more quickly than in Group E2. It was also noted that in the final period the animals in Group E2 showed areas of connective tissue and thick bone trabeculae around the particles of the implant. It can be concluded that the use of Gen-ox® delayed the process of bone repair in alcoholic rats, although it can be used as filling material because it shows osteoconductive activity, as evidenced by bone tissue formation around the graft particles.

scholarly journals Effects of Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Hard Tissue Healing: A Histomorphometric Crossover Trial in Sheep

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Esra Ondur ◽  
Nilufer Bolukbasi Balcioglu ◽  
Merva Soluk Tekkesin ◽  
Ozlem Guzel ◽  
Selim Ersanli
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Point

Bone defects lead to aesthetic and functional losses, causing dental rehabilitation to be more difficult. The objective of this work is to histologically assess the hard tissue healing of bone defects filled with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) alone or as an adjuvant for mixing with and covering anorganic bovine bone (ABB), compared to ABB covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (CM). This study was designed as a crossover animal study. Four 5-mm tibia defects, 5 mm apart from each other, were surgically created on the tibias of 6 sheep. The defects were randomly filled with ABB + CM; PRF alone; ABB+PRF; or were left empty. The animals were euthanized on days 10, 20, and 40 post-operatively. No group showed any signs of bone necrosis. Inflammation was observed in 2 control and 3 test defects with no statistically significant difference between groups at each time point. The ABB + CM and ABB + PRF groups experienced the highest bone regeneration ratios. No differences between the empty-defect and PRF groups were observed in regard to bone regeneration. No statistical difference was observed between the ABB+PRF and ABB + CM groups in regard to bone regeneration and the amount of residual graft material at each time point. The use of PRF should be preferred due to its autogenous origin, low cost, and ease of use.

A porcine model of intervertebral disc degeneration induced by annular injury characterized with magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological findings

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hwan Yoon ◽  
Masashi Miyazaki ◽  
Soon-Woo Hong ◽  
Ben Tow ◽  
Yuichiro Morishita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Annulus Fibrosus ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Disc Height ◽  
Final Time ◽  
Progressive Degeneration ◽  
Final Time Point ◽  
Time Point

Object Appropriate animal models of disc degeneration are critical for the study of proposed interventions as well as to further delineate the degenerative process. The purpose of this study was to characterize a porcine model for disc degeneration confirmed on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies and histological analysis. Methods Twelve miniature pigs were used (weight 48–65 kg) to study degeneration in the lumbar spine. Under fluoroscopic guidance, the disc was percutaneously punctured with a 3.2-mm-diameter trephine to a 5-mm depth into the annulus fibrosus. Control and experimental levels were randomized among 6 levels in the lumbar spine. The unlesioned spinal levels were used as controls and were compared with lesioned levels. Magnetic resonance imaging grading and disc height were serially recorded preoperatively, and at 5, 8, 19, 32, and 39 weeks postoperatively. The animals were killed in groups of 3 at 7, 18, 32, and 41 weeks postinjury, and the discs were examined histopathologically. Results Consistent, sequential, and progressive degeneration of the annular injury was observed on MR imaging and histopathological studies from the time of injury to the final time point. The disc height and the disc height index also sequentially decreased from the time of the injury in a consistent manner. The uninjured control levels did not show any progressive degeneration and maintained their normal state. Conclusions Based on MR imaging and histopathological findings, the authors demonstrated and characterized a reliable model of sequential disc degeneration in miniature pigs with percutaneous injury to the annulus fibrosus. In the early stages, as soon as 5 weeks after injury, significant disc degeneration was seen on MR imaging grading with decreases in disc height. This degeneration did not improve by the final time point of 39 weeks.

scholarly journals Histological Comparison between Biphasic Calcium Phosphate and Deproteinized Bovine Bone on Critical-Size Bone Defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Marina Araujo Brito ◽  
Leomar Emanuel Almeida Mecca ◽  
Thais dos Santos Sedoski ◽  
Tayline Mroczek ◽  
Marcela Claudino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Deproteinized Bovine Bone

Abstract The limited options for bone repair have led to an extensive research of the field and the development of alloplastic and xenogeneic grafts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone repair with two bone substitutes: deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) and biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (BCP) in critical-size defect. A total of 8-mm defects were made in the parietal bones of rabbits (n=12). The animals were divided into three experimental groups: sham (defect filled with a blood clot), DBB (defect filled with DBB), and BCP (defect filled with BCP). After the experimental periods of 15 and 45 days, the animals were euthanized and submitted to histomorphometric analysis. The total defect area, mineralized tissue area, biomaterial area, and soft tissue area were evaluated. A greater amount of immature bone tissue and biomaterial particles were observed in the BCP group compared to DBB and sham at 45 days (p<0.05). There was no difference in the qualitative pattern of bone deposition between DBB and BCP. However, the sham group did not show osteoid islands along with the defect, presenting a greater amount of collagen fibers as well in relation to the DBB and BCP groups. There was a greater number of inflammatory cells in the DBB at 45 days compared to BCP and sham groups. In conclusion, BCP and DBB are options for optimizing the use of bone grafts for maxillofacial rehabilitation. Bone defects treated with BCP showed greater deposition of bone tissue at 45 days.

IN VIVO EVALUATION OF BOVINE XENOGRAFT ASSOCIATED WITH OXYGEN THERAPY IN ALVEOLAR BONE REPAIR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Saggioro ◽  
Suelen Sartoretto ◽  
Isabelle Duarte ◽  
Adriana Alves ◽  
Helder Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Repair ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Active Oxygen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference

In order to preserve alveolar bone thickness and width after extraction, clinical strategies have been adopted to reduce or eliminate the need for future surgical interventions to increase the alveolar ridge. The use of xenogeneic biomaterials has been increasing for such application. The association of bone substitutes with active oxygen-based materials, which is essential in the wound healing process, could accelerate the bone repair, optimizing the maintenance of alveolar architecture after extraction. However, the truth of this hypothesis is not clear. The present study aimed to compare the biological response to inorganic bovine bone graft Bonefill® (BF), associated or not with active oxygen-based gel Oral gel Blue ® m (BF+BM), in alveolar bone repair. Twenty female Wistar rats were randomly distributed, the left upper central incisor was extracted and the dental sockets were filled with BF in the control group (n=10), and with BF+BM in the experimental group (n=10). After 7- and 42-days’ post implantation (n=5), the animals were euthanized, and the samples were processed for descriptive histological and histomorphometric evaluations. The results showed no significant difference between the groups (p&gt;0.05). Both groups presented a time-dependent increase of new formed bone and biosorption biomaterial (p=0.0001). While the biomaterial analyzed was considered compatible and osteoconductive, the association with Blue ® m gel did not improve or interfere with the bone repair after the experimental periods.

scholarly journals Immunopathogenesis of Progressive Scarring Trachoma: Results of a 4-Year Longitudinal Study in Tanzanian Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamsyn Derrick ◽  
Athumani M. Ramadhani ◽  
David Macleod ◽  
Patrick Massae ◽  
Elias Mafuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Final Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Final Time Point ◽  
Time Point

ABSTRACT Trachoma is initiated during childhood following repeated conjunctival infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, which causes a chronic inflammatory response in some individuals that leads to scarring and in-turning of the eyelids in later life. There is currently no treatment to halt the progression of scarring trachoma due to an incomplete understanding of disease pathogenesis. A cohort study was performed in northern Tanzania in 616 children aged 6 to 10 years at enrollment. Every 3 months for 4 years, children were examined for clinical signs of trachoma, and conjunctival swabs were collected for C. trachomatis detection and to analyze the expression of 46 immunofibrogenic genes. Data were analyzed in relation to progressive scarring status between baseline and the final time point. Genes that were significantly associated with scarring progression included those encoding proinflammatory chemokines (CXCL5, CCL20, CXCL13, and CCL18), cytokines (IL23A, IL19, and IL1B), matrix modifiers (MMP12 and SPARCL1), immune regulators (IDO1, SOCS3, and IL10), and a proinflammatory antimicrobial peptide (S100A7). In response to C. trachomatis infection, IL23A and PDGF were significantly upregulated in scarring progressors relative to in nonprogressors. Our findings highlight the importance of innate proinflammatory signals from the epithelium and implicate interleukin 23A (IL-23A)-responsive cells in driving trachomatous scarring, with potential key mechanistic roles for PDGFB, MMP12, and SPARCL1 in orchestrating fibrosis.

scholarly journals Organic Bovine Graft Associated With PRP In Rabbit Calvaria

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Lara Maria Alencar Ramos ◽  
Jonas Dantas Batista ◽  
Darceny Zanetta-Barbosa ◽  
Paula Dechichi ◽  
Flaviana Soares Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Organic Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Summary Introduction: Repairing large bone defects is a huge challenge that reconstructive surgery currently faces. Objective: The objective of this study was to perform the histological evaluation of bone repair in rabbit calvaria when using bovine bone graft (Gen-ox-organic®) associated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Method: 12 rabbits were used and two bone fragments were bilaterally removed from calvaria. Then, 24 surgical sites were randomly divided into 3 groups: coagulum (group I), organic (group II) and PRP-included organic (group III). After four weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the grafted area removed, fixed in 10% formalin with PBS 0.1 M, and embedded in paraffin. Study method: The analyzed histological parameters were: defective area filled with the newly-formed bone, graft's giant cells and particles, as well as the new bone formation associated with the particles. Group I's defects were filled with fibrous tissue attaching the periosteum and revealed a little bone formation peripherally. In both groups II and III, a similar standard was noticed in addition to the absence of graft particles and giant cells. There was no significant difference in the number of giant cells, graft particles and new bone formation around the particles between the grafted material and the PRP-related group. Conclusion: The results achieved indicate that the organic biomaterial neither separately nor jointly with PRP improves bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Preservation of Dental Sockets Filled with Composite Bovine Bone. A Single-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vail Natale Júnior ◽  
Francisley Ávila Souza ◽  
Eduardo Vedovatto ◽  
Renato Sussumu Nishioka ◽  
Pier Paolo Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone Remodeling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Blind

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preservation of alveolar dimensions in human fresh extraction sockets filled with a composite bovine bone graft by means of design of single-blind randomized clinical trial. Forty participants had monoradicular teeth extracted (one teeth in each participant), and after were randomly divided into 2 groups: individuals whose fresh sockets were filled with the composite heterologous bone graft (Biomaterial Group), or with blood clot (Control Group). After extraction, the fresh sockets were measured at their greatest mesiodistal (MD) and bucco-lingual/palatal (BL/P) distance. Primary closure of the soft tissue was performed with a fibro-mucosal plug. After 120 post-operative days, the re-entry procedure was performed and the largest MD and BL/P measurements were again obtained to calculate the remodeling of the alveolar bone measured in percentage. In the biomaterial group, a percentage reduction of 1.62% and 3.29% in the MD and BL/P dimensions was observed 120 days after the extractions, whereas a reduction of 4.97% and 7.18% in the MD and BL/P dimensions occurred in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the two groups for the bucco-palatal and mesiodistal measurements in the maxilla. In view of the results obtained, it can be concluded that composite bovine bone graft limited but did not impede alveolar bone remodeling.

scholarly journals Use of Membrane with or without Bio-Oss For Extraction Socket Preservation: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e41991211130
Author(s):  
Angelita Piovezana ◽  
Danielle Gregorio ◽  
Daiane Andrian de Oliveira Paludeto ◽  
Letícia de Cássia Demeu Etore ◽  
Marcos Heidy Guskuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Repair ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

The purpose of this case report / case series was to analyze the pattern of alveolar bone repair after extraction with the use of a collagen membrane associated or not with lyophilized bovine bone (Bio-Oss). The sample consisted of six adult patients, aged from 40 to 60 years, with indication of extraction of the upper incisors and subsequent rehabilitation with dental implants, three participants were randomly distributed in the following groups: Test - Bio-Oss associated with collagen membrane absorbable; Control - blood clot associated with an absorbable collagen membrane. Alveoli with significant bone loss, probe greater than 4 mm, uncontrolled systemic changes and smoker were excluded. The less traumatic extractions, followed by anti-inflammatory and antibiotic protocol. Computed tomography images from the preoperative time (T0) and after 4 months (T1) were used to measure bone filling. The data were compared using the T test, considering a 5% significance level. Less resorption was observed in the test group (p = 0.002). The technique of preserving the alveolar ridge with Bio-Oss and absorbable membrane was satisfactory to prevent changes in the contour of the tissue.

scholarly journals Evaluation of tissue in repair with natural latex and / or hyaluronic acid in surgical bone defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
João Paulo Mardegan Issa ◽  
Otavio Marino dos Santos Neto ◽  
Ana Paula Macedo ◽  
Miliane Gonçalves Gonzaga ◽  
Yamba Carla Lara Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zymographic Analysis ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract This study evaluated the bone repair in surgical defects of rats treated with hyaluronic acid (HA) associated or not with Hevea brasiliensis fraction protein (F-1). Bone defect were created in 15 albino Wistar rats divided into 3 groups (n=5): Control group (1) - blood clot; HA group (2) - 0.5% hyaluronic acid; HAF1 group (3) - 0.1% F-1 protein fraction dissolved in 0.5% hyaluronic acid. After 4 weeks, the animals were euthanized and the bone repair was evaluated through histomorphometric analysis, zymography and immunohistochemistry. The neoformed bone area did not show a significant difference (p = 0.757), but there was a tendency for bone trabeculation to increase in the groups HA and HAF1. For immunohistochemically analysis, there was a difference in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) labeling (p = 0.023), being higher in the groups HA and HAF1 than the control group. No significant difference in bone sialoprotein (BSP) (p = 0.681), osteocalcin (p = 0.954), however, significant difference in platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD-31) (p = 0.040), with HAF1 group being significantly lower than the control. For zymographic analysis, there was no significant difference for metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) (p = 0.068), but there was a tendency to increase MMP-2 in the HA group. Despite the influence on angiogenic factors and the apparent tendency for greater trabeculation in the HA and HAF1 groups, there was no significant difference in the area of newly formed bone tissue in the analyzed period.

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