scholarly journals Por que, quando e como regular as novas tecnologias? Os desafios trazidos pelas inovações disruptivas

2016 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Patrícia Baptista ◽  
Clara Iglesias Keller
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Disruptive Innovations ◽  
The Face

<p>O texto discorre sobre algumas das principais discussões acerca da regulação estatal de novas tecnologias digitais disruptivas. Inovações disruptivas impõem aos Estados os desafios de decidir quando, por que e até onde regular, além da definição do melhor desenho regulatório para cada caso. Além das justificativas tradicionais para intervenção estatal, a regulação de novas tecnologias deve atuar especialmente para promover e preservar a inovação, assegurando a livre concorrência, condição para que a inovação ocorra. Nesse sentido, a regulação inicial de novas tecnologias deve se deter aos domínios da garantia da segurança do usuário e do respeito às liberdades fundamentais. Quanto ao momento de regular, verifica-se que, se a intervenção ocorrer logo que a nova tecnologia surge, pode se revelar prematura; se, por outro lado, aguardar a consolidação da inovação, pode ser tardia, especialmente diante da resistência à regulação do mercado já estabelecido (dilema de Collingridge). O desenho regulatório a ser adotado deve ser capaz de conjugar ferramentas de regulação forte e fraca que permitam a adaptação e o aprendizado diante de uma realidade velozmente mutável.</p><p> </p><p>The article discusses some of the key debates on the regulation of new disruptive digital technologies. Disruptive innovations face governments with the challenges of deciding when, why and how to regulate, as well as designing the best regulatory framework for each case. Besides the traditional justifications for state intervention, regulation of new technologies should serve especially to promote and preserve innovation while ensuring free competition, a requirement for innovation to occur. In this sense, the initial regulation of new technologies must be detained to the areas regarding the guarantee of user’s safety and the respect of fundamental freedoms. As to when to regulate, it appears that the intervention that occurs as soon as the new technology emerges may be proved premature; on the other hand, allowing the innovation’s stabilization may be proved delayed, especially in the face of a consolidated market’s resistance to regulation (Collingridge dilemma). The regulatory framework to be adopted should be able to combine stronger and weaker regulatory tools, allowing adaptation to and learning from a fast changing reality.</p>

scholarly journals Cutting the Face

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-71
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Fitzgibbon Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Middle East ◽  
New Media ◽  
Social Control ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
State Building ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
The Face

The local uptake of new media in the Middle East is shaped by deep histories of imperialism, state building, resistance and accommodation. In contemporary Jordan, social media is simultaneously encouraging identification with tribes and undermining their gerontocratic power structures. Senior men stress their own importance as guarantors (‘faces’), who restore order following conflicts, promising to pay their rivals a large surety if their kin break the truce. Yet, ‘cutting the face’ (breaking truces) remains an alternative, one often facilitated by new technologies that allow people to challenge pre-existing structures of communication and authority. However, the experiences of journalists and other social media mavens suggest that the liberatory promise of the new technology may not be enough to prevent its reintegration into older patterns of social control.

The Time Perception in Contemporary

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S717-S717
Author(s):  
D.F. Burgese ◽  
D.P. Bassitt ◽  
D. Ceron-Litvoc ◽  
G.B. Liberali
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Processes ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
The Relationship

With the advent of new technologies, the man begins to experience a significant change in the perception of the other, time and space. The acceleration of time promoted by new technology does not allow the exercise of affection for the consolidation of ties, relations take narcissists hues seeking immediate gratification and the other is understood as a continuation of the self, the pursuit of pleasure. It is the acceleration of time, again, which leads man to present the need for immediate, always looking for the new – not new – in an attempt to fill an inner space that is emptied. The retention of concepts and pre-stressing of temporality are liquefied, become fleeting. We learn to live in the world and the relationship with the other in a frivolous and superficial way. The psychic structure, facing new phenomena experienced, loses temporalize capacity and expand its spatiality, it becomes pathological. Post-modern inability to retain the past, to analyze the information received and reflect, is one of the responsible for the mental illness of today's society. From a temporality range of proper functioning, the relationship processes with you and your peers will have the necessary support to become viable and healthy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals La tecnología de riego y la disputa por el agua subterránea en Córdoba, Argentina / Irrigation technology and the dispute over groundwater in Cordoba, Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (48) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Constanza Riera
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technology ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Common Resource

En la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, a mediados de 1990, se adoptó el riego con agua subterránea como una nueva tecnología para la producción de cultivos extensivos, lo que permitió el uso de este recurso a gran escala. La falta de un marco regulatorio y utilización privada del agua subterránea trajeron aparejadas disputas políticas entre los agricultores y las autoridades públicas por el usufructo de este recurso, que dieron lugar a la creación de Consorcios de Usuarios. Utilizando herramientas metodológicas de la etnografía, aquí se analiza cómo en este proceso de génesis institucional de los Consorcios, los usuarios y los agentes del poder público se comprometen en una batalla interpretativa sobre la legitimidad de la intervención del Estado a propósito del uso y la propiedad del agua subterránea, en la que la oposición público – privado juega un rol central al establecer éticas de la responsabilidad contrapuestas. Palabras clave: agua subterránea, riego, relaciones de propiedad, Córdoba (Argentina).AbstractIn the province of Cordoba, Argentina, a new irrigation technology for the production of extensive crops was adopted in mid-1990. This new technology allowed the large-scale use of groundwater, a common resource which until then was not available. The lack of a regulatory framework and the private resource utilization brought along political disputes between farmers and public authorities for the use of groundwater that led to the creation of Consortium of Users. Using methodological resources from anthropology, in this paper it is analyze how, in this process of institutional genesis, users and government agents undertake an interpretative battle over the legitimacy of state intervention regarding the use and ownership of groundwater, in which public-private opposition plays a key role in establishing competing ethics of responsibility.Keywords: groundwater, irrigation, ownership relations, Córdoba (Argentina).

scholarly journals Globalization, Competition and Competition Law

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Göktepe
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Perfect Competition ◽  
Competition Authority ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
The Impact

The growth of competition law in recent years has been enormous throughout the world. This development of competition law is certainly influenced by globalization. Also, with the impact of privatization and liberalization in the last decade competition law has turned out to be a major concept in developing economies. Competition law provides the formation and protection of free competition. Modern market economy is the basis of the principle of free competition. Free competition provides an effective utilization of resources, price goes down, saving to reduce costs, find new technologies and their use in production. Desired markets, although a perfect competition market, because of market failures rather than the ideal situation monopolies, cartels can occur. At this stage, competition policies become important because they provide an efficient resource allocation, and constitutes an important element in raising the level of social welfare. Competition in the market without any intervention from inside or outside freely determine in the liberal economic systems is important. Competition law, at this stage, stepped in for the formation and protection of free competition and plays an important role. Competition law is state intervention tool in order to establish and maintain free competition in the economy. Competition laws is seen as the constitution of the economy The aim of this study is to analyze competition law rules is implemented in Turkey and Kazakhstan and to determine differences and similarities. Also Examples of decisions issued by the Turkish competition authority will be presented.

To Lie or Not to Lie

2019 ◽  
pp. 178-197
Author(s):  
Bevelyn Dube
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Dilemma ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Media Ethics ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Ethical Decisions ◽  
The Face

New digital technologies have radically transformed the face of journalism in general and photo journalism in particular. These new technologies have not only made it easy for photo journalists to obtain images and to transmit them quickly to newsrooms and consumers across the globe, but they have also provided limitless opportunities for photo manipulation to take place, thus raising questions about the authenticity of those images. This has led to some scholars calling for the rethinking of media ethics to address these ethical dilemmas. This chapter, therefore, examines the codes of conduct for journalists in ten southern African countries to ascertain whether they have responded to this ethical dilemma brought in by the new digital technologies and if so, whether these responses give adequate guidance to journalists when called upon to make ethical decisions while processing photographs. The concepts of truth, reality and accuracy are also interrogated in the chapter. Findings revealed that most of the codes which do not make reference to photo manipulation are outdated and that those which do, are not comprehensive enough to give guidance to photo journalists.

scholarly journals Computation and the Impact of New Technologies on the Photography of Architecture and Urbanism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell Schwarzer
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Photographic Images ◽  
The Impact

Over the course of history, the meanings of buildings have repeatedly been expanded and altered via the creation of technologically driven information realms. In the mid-nineteenth century, for example, the new technology of the photographic camera added informational supplements to the built world not previously known. With greater visual verisimilitude and more popular reach than drawings, photographic images constructed off-site, mediated zones of built and urban appearance, situated not on streets but atop streets on billboards, inside of buildings on gallery walls and, most of all, on printed texts. Since their inception photographic images have recorded the vagaries of the modern built condition, and highlighted what the human eye does not normally notice. In the twentieth century, the influence on architectural understanding of this “visioning technology” was catapulted into even more distant and disembodied information realms through digital technologies. This has taken multiple forms. Satellite imagery, following the trend set by aerial photography, has vaulted human perception to points of distance people had previously only dreamed about. Computation, by contrast, has constructed a portable zone of calculation, memorization, and storage that has amplified the human mind into a societal brain – a garden of mathematically derived outlooks. Satellite imagery offers faraway views that picture buildings within larger urban and natural contexts that help detect the traces of vanished structures, and provide a digital framework for imaginings of ideal, future cities. In linked grids, they constitute the foundation for the interactive and virtual photographic explorations common on websites such as Google Earth. By contrast, the digital camera phone in conjunction with photo-sharing websites has unleashed a flood of picture taking, sharing and viewing that in turn has yielded an enormous database available for computational analysis. The millions of uploaded pictures are accompanied by metadata – geographic location, time of upload, tag-name of photo – which can be mined algorithmically by computer scientists to uncover the proclivities and itineraries of the general public. Taking on these two distinct aspects of how new digital technologies have influenced our creation, perception, and use of images we previously defined simply as “photographs” – and their influence on our reading of the spaces and places we inhabit – this paper selects just two of the various strands of this new phase of digital photographic imaging. It does so in the belief that these two particular, if unrelated phenomena, reveal their own particular insights into how the digital image may today, interact with our conceptualization of architectural forms and urban spaces.

735 Advantages of Biocellulose for Burn Injures

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S199-S200
Author(s):  
Debora C Sanches-Pinto ◽  
Wellington M Mota ◽  
David S Gomez ◽  
Rolf Gemperli
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Repair ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Research To Practice ◽  
Facial Burns ◽  
The Face ◽  
Second Degree

Abstract Introduction Facial burns are extremely important biological dressings have been developed as temporary substitutes for human skin to avoid infection and accelerate tissue repair, with comfort to the patient. The biocellulose film is produced by the bacterium Acetobacter xylinium. After dehydration process, the obtained product turns into a film. We also use the celluloses film hydrated. Aim: To show the experience of the use of a biocellulose membrane in our hospital, for facial superficial second degree burns.x’x’ Methods This study took place from January 2009 till December 2017. We selected forty five patients with facial superficial second degree burns treated with a biocellulose film since day one post burn. It remained on the face until the complete epithelialization and spontaneous detachment. We studied 45 patients (25 children and 20 adults). We evaluated the final healing time, the pain, the dressing changes and the facility of application (notes from 0 to 10). Results The evaluation note for the ease of application varied from 7 and 8 (40%) and 9 to 10 (60%). We saw spontaneous detachment of the dressing in all cases till day 10. The grade of pain varied from 0 to 2. After day 4 no one referred pain. The full epithelization occurred in 8 days in 90% of children and in 10 days in the other 10% of the children. The restoration in the adults followed t the same pattern. Conclusions The biocellulose dressing seems to be a good option for superficial facial burns. It is painless, easy to apply and has a good cost benefit relation. The authors suggest longer randomized studies. Applicability of Research to Practice New technologies that are cheape, less painfull and efective can be of a great value not only for us but for everyone who work with burn patients.

Cyborgs, Agents, and Transhumanists: Crossing Traditional Borders of Body and Identity in the Context of New Technology

Leonardo ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Becker
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

In current discourses of technoscience, body, nature, and even life are often described as code, text, or information. On the one hand, classical dichotomies (body/mind, subject/object, man/machine) and their restrictions are dissolving; on the other hand, this discourse often reveals a hidden desire to ignore both the fragility and the sense-giving capacity of materiality. In this paper, the proper dynamic of materiality is explored by looking in particular at what it means to be in a permanent touch with the world with the body. Against this background, efforts at denying or transforming the body in the context of new technologies can be interpreted as the wish to control or avoid the unpredictable and unconscious dimensions of human existence.

“New Technology Introduction”: Lessons From Industry Cases

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Wong ◽  
Kurt Beiter ◽  
Kosuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technology Introduction ◽  
The Face ◽  
World Class ◽  
Manufacturing Readiness ◽  
Almost All

A Lean New Technology Introduction (NTI) methodology is critical to any company that wishes to set the pace of the market, or even those that wish to keep pace with the competition. This paper describes the social and economic demands that lead forward-thinking companies to new technology introduction, as these demands were observed at five world-class companies. Since Womack, Jones and Roos’ 1990 book, The machine that changed the world, introduced the concept of Lean Production, and changed the face of America manufacturing, companies have increasingly trended toward “Lean”. That mentality has now extended beyond manufacturing into almost all aspects of the product development cycle, and into the corporate organizational structure. When a company identifies a business need, and targets a product application for the new technology, the company must then act quickly to develop, manufacture, and market the technology at pace with competitive market introductions. Review of five case studies revealed that lack of manufacturing readiness, in the form of non-satisfactory manufacturing processes, is a big culprit in the delay of technology introduction. The questions, “when will the new technologies be ready?” and “how can we integrate the new technologies into new products in a lean fashion?” continue to challenge product developers. While we do not suggest ways to address NTI in this paper, the ultimate goal of our research is to develop a methodology to address the NTI challenge.

scholarly journals Technology and competition as challenges of development

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Radmilo Todosijevic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Output Quality ◽  
Increase In Productivity

Technology stimulates output and creates new demand. The introduction of new technologies usually causes an increase in investments, which creates more jobs in companies that produce capital goods. Competition occurs as a function of output quality. On the other hand, technology reduces costs by increasing efficiency in regard to output. This leads to one of three effects: the prices of the denoted products or services decrease, the wages in industries that apply new technologies increase, and profits increase. These three effects are the results of competitiveness as expressed by technology. The significant characteristics of technologies are: increase in productivity, quality improvement, cost reduction, flexibility, reliability, security, etc. They are, actually, the basic prerogatives for competitiveness. By deciding on a new technology, the general characteristics of every individual technology are assessed in order to ensure the technical and economic justification for its implementation.

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