Impact of COVID Pandemic and Hybrid teaching on Final year MBBS students’ End of clerkship Exam performance

Background & Objectives: The novel coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) pandemic has revolutionized medical education worldwide. Most medical schools have adopted the online teaching and assessments. Students attending modified clerkships and assessments under the stress of the pandemic, perform and score differently when compared to normal clerkships. We aimed to identify the impact of COVID-19 on final year MBBS students’ EOC (End of Clerkship) examination by comparing them with their scores prior to the COVID and with scores of the previous final year. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shifa College of Medicine. Final year MBBS students’ scores of years 2019 and 2020 were included. Students’ EOC MCQ and OSCE scores were compared in pre-COVID and COVID affected rotations of the same year and with the previous year (2019). Data were analyzed in SPSS version 21, means scores were calculated, and one-way ANOVA was applied. Pearson correlation was calculated for correlation assessment of MCQ and OSCE scores. Results: There were 118 students. The mean EOC, OSCE, and MCQ scores in rotations one to four were 72.8±6.4, 73.3±8.1, 71.6±7.4, 72.7±6.7 and 44.4±8, 47.2±8.4, 46.1±8.2, 48.8±8.1, respectively. One-way ANOVA results before and after COVID lockdown were statistically insignificant (p=0.3) for OSCE and significant for MCQ in the final year class of 2020 (p=0.001). The Pearson correlation assessment between MCQ and OSCE scores (n=416) had a significant positive correlation (r=0.42, p=0.000). The overall comparison between scores of the final year class of 2019 and 2020 showed significant improvement in Surgery and Obstetrics/Gynae scores in 2020. Conclusion: During the COVID pandemic, the final year students’ performance in EOC MCQ and OSCE over all remained unaffected. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4645 How to cite this:Aaraj S, Farooqi F, Saeed N, Khan S. Impact of COVID Pandemic and Hybrid teaching on Final year MBBS students’ End of clerkship Exam performance. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4645 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The Impact of Covid19 Pandemic, Financial Wellness, and Online Teaching on The Mental Health of Lebanese Schoolteachers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-509197/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tarek Baroud ◽

Jad El Masri ◽

Hadi Shammaa ◽

Hani Chanbour ◽

Issa Kamal Eddine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Online Teaching ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Financial Wellness ◽

Stressful Environment ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Online Methods ◽

The Impact

Abstract Teaching is mentally and physically draining occupation, and due to Covid-19, education shifted to online methods, which made it even harder. Lebanon is facing a huge economic crisis, making it harder on teachers to maintain mental health. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out, enrolling 300 schoolteachers assessing sociodemographic factors, teaching status, financial wellness, fear of covid-19, and mental health. Results showed high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress. Teachers showed severe levels of anxiety and stress with correlation to online teaching, with added depression when correlated with fear of Covid19 and financial wellness. Urgent measures should be taken to minimize the stressful environment and worsening situation in Lebanon.

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Impact of COVID-19 on Malaysian Dental Students’ Physical, Mental, Financial and Academic Concerns

10.21203/rs.3.rs-890704/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Widya Lestari ◽

Nur Hazirah Yazid ◽

Zawin Najah Azhar ◽

Azlini Ismail ◽

Cortino Sukotjo

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Clinical Skills ◽

Clinical Skill ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Students ◽

Health Concern ◽

Financial Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread across the world at unprecedented speed and gained worldwide attention. The pandemic proved to hold an impact to humankind including dental students in all aspects of life. Dental students’ performances may indirectly be affected following the preventive measures in containing the disease. This study aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical, mental, financial health and academic concern among dental students in Malaysia. Methods The current research implemented a cross sectional study among dental students in Malaysia. Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on dental education was done by the distribution of a set of online survey consisting of 28 questions to dental students (n = 353) from public and private universities in Malaysia. The questionnaires include sociodemographic backgrounds and assessment on the 4 main domains. Results A total number of 353 respondents was recorded and 76.2% comprised of female. 59.7% were clinical students and 40.3% were preclinical students. 55.8% of the respondents attended hybrid mode of study. 78.0%, 76.5% and 91.8% students were concerned about their own emotional, physical health and the amount of clinical skill they acquire respectively. Year 3 students were found to be more concerned about their mental and financial health concern (p < 0.05). Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic had indeed significantly affected Malaysian dental students mainly due to fear of the quality of online learning and the amount of clinical skills acquired.

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Perception of MBBS Students on Hybrid Teaching in Covid-19 Era: A Survey of Public Sector Medical University

10.53350/pjmhs2115123154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 3154-3155

Author(s):

Shafaq Naseer ◽

Imrana Zulfikar ◽

Farhan Zaheer ◽

Fariha Butt ◽

Saima Sagheer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Teaching ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Teaching Methodology ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Face To Face ◽

Medical College ◽

Hybrid Teaching ◽

E Learning ◽

Medical University

Aim: To explore the perceptions, limitations and recommendations for hybrid teaching. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study, conducted in the academic session of 2021 among the students of Dow medical college including third years through final years. Convenient sampling is used. The questionnaire was created on Google and forms were emailed to the students. Likert scale is applied to record the responses. Results: Total of 102 students of both genders filled the questionnaire. Students were mostly from third year, fourth year and final year. Most of the students had no previous experience of e- learning. 36.3% students agreed that hybrid teaching is better than face to face or online sessions alone. 31.4% were of the opinion that hybrid teaching covers the strong points of both face to face and online teaching. Conclusion: Covid-19 makes classroom medical education difficult but blended or hybrid teaching and learning would seem to be the perfect solution to overcome the challenges. Keywords: Hybrid teaching, distance learning, Covid 19

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Final Validation of the Pediatric Tracheotomy Health Status Instrument (PTHSI)

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1067/mhn.2002.122634 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 126 (3) ◽

pp. 228-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Christopher J. Hartnick ◽

Barbara K. Giambra ◽

Cynthia Bissell ◽

Cynthia M. Fitton ◽

Robin T. Cotton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specific Criterion ◽

Health Status Instrument ◽

Related Quality ◽

The Impact

OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the development and final testing of an instrument designed to evaluate the impact of tracheotomy on the health-related quality of life of affected families in whom a child has had a tracheotomy (the Pediatric Tracheotomy Health Status Instrument [PTHSI]). STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study designed to analyze a disease-specific health status instrument to establish validity and reliability. RESULTS: The PTHSI was initially pilot tested in 130 families during a 3-month period from September through November 2000. After initial analysis and revision, from January 2001 through July 2001, 154 different families completed the revised instrument. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient for the instrument was 0.91, with domain-specific coefficients ranging from 0.66 for physical symptoms to 0.87 for caregiver stress and coping. Specific criterion validity analysis produced a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8 ( P < 0.0001). Construct validity testing via Wilcoxon matched sum testing suggested statistically significant differences between subpopulations ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: After initial testing and revision of the PTHSI, final instrument administration and analysis reveal the instrument to be valid and reliable. Future studies are planned to evaluate its responsiveness in longitudinal application.

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The Economy of Projects: Analyzing Project Management Resilience, Stress Management and Project Sustainability

Global Economics Review ◽

10.31703/ger.2018(iii-i).06 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol III (I) ◽

pp. 50-61

Author(s):

Syed Ali Naqi Kazmi ◽

Asia Baig ◽

Muhammad Zia-Ur Rehman

Keyword(s):

Project Management ◽

Stress Management ◽

Banking Sector ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Team Working ◽

Project Sustainability ◽

The Impact

The due economy of projects is a catchword nowadays in the world. Advancement in project sustainability has reshaped the banking across the globe forcing companies to perform tasks and activities in the form of projects; resilience, stress management are some of the factors that redesign project sustainability. This cross-sectional study investigates the impact of resilience and stress management on project sustainability also making a contribution by analyzing the association of resilience and stress management. The beta values and results show in favor of acceptance of the entire hypothesis. The data was collected from the members of the project team working on a diverse project in the banking sector of Pakistan. The instrument used to collect the data was questionnaires to measure each variable. Pearson correlation and stepwise hierarchal regression were used to analyze the data. The study at the end highlights valuable findings and recommendations for the future and the researchers offer practical guidance further professionalizing Project Management.

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COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study in southwest Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-47641/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Golnar Sabetian ◽

Mohsen Moghadami ◽

Leila Hashemizadeh Fard Haghighi ◽

Mohammad Javad Fallahi ◽

Reza Shahriarirad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Personnel ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Infection Status ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Emergency Rooms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Workers ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Southwest Iran ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective: With the novel coronavirus pandemic, the impact on the healthcare system and workers cannot be overlooked. However, studies on the infection status of medical personnel are still lacking. It is imperative to ensure the safety of health-care workers (HCWs) not only to safeguard continuous patient care but also to ensure they do not transmit the virus, therefore evaluation infection rates in these groups are indicated.Methods: Demographic and clinical data regarding infected cases among HCWs of Fars, Iran with positive SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR tests were obtained from 10th March to 16th May.Results: Our data demonstrated a rate of 5.62% (273 out of 4854 cases) infection among HCW, with a mean age of 35 years and a dominance of female cases (146 cases: 53.5%). The majority of infected cases were among nurses (51.3%) while the most case infection rate (CIR) was among physicians (27 out of 842 performed test (3.2%)). Also, the highest rate of infection was in the emergency rooms (30.6%). Also, 35.5% of the patients were asymptomatic and the most frequent clinical features among symptomatic patients were myalgia (46%) and cough (45.5%). Although 5.5% were admitted to hospitals, there were no reports of ICU admission. Furthermore, 10.3% of the cases reported transmitting the infection to family and friends. Regarding safety precautions, 1.6% didn't wear masks and 18.7% didn't use gloves in work environments. Conclusion: HCWs are among the highest groups at risk of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic; therefore, analysis of the infection status of these groups is vital to maintain enough attention from the public, provide effective suggestions for government agencies and expanding protective measures is essential to decrease infection rates.

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Validation of the Catherine Bergego Scale in patients with unilateral spatial neglect after stroke

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/1980-57642018dn13-010009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 82-88

Author(s):

Carlos Leonardo Sacomani Marques ◽

Juli Thomaz de Souza ◽

Maicon Gabriel Gonçalves ◽

Taís Regina da Silva ◽

Rafael Dalle Molle da Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Reliability ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Spatial Neglect ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Unilateral Spatial Neglect ◽

Observer Reliability ◽

Culturally Adapted ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT. The Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) is a scale to evaluates the impact of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) on everyday life of patients after stroke. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and comprehension of the Portuguese version of the CBS for patients with USN after stroke. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in patients with stroke and USN. The CBS was translated, culturally adapted and applied by two independent investigators. The patients were also evaluated by the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT), NIHSS, mRS and Barthel scale to assess USN severity, neurological function, disability and autonomy consecutively. Consistency and coherence were analysed using Cronbach’s α, inter-observer reliability by Kappa, and the correlation between the CBS, BIT, NIHSS, mRS, and Barthel was determined using Pearson correlation. Results: Twenty-two patients were evaluated and the observed Cronbach’s α=0.913. For intra-observer reproducibility, the 10 items showed a reasonable and high reliability between evaluators. The CBS showed a negative correlation with the BIT. There was a low correlation between the BIT and NIHSS, mRS and Barthel index. Conclusion: The CBS is an adequate and validated scale for assessing patients with USN after stroke in a Brazilian population.

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Impact of bowel preparation on caecal intubation time during colonoscopy

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.35.6.1031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Haris Alvi ◽

Tazeen Rasheed ◽

Majid Ahmed Shaikh ◽

Faiza Sadaqat Ali ◽

Bader Faiyaz Zuberi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bowel Preparation ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intubation Time ◽

Polyp Detection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Creative Commons ◽

Adenoma Detection ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Time Required

Objective: To determine the caecal intubation time depending on bowel preparation as per Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau, Civil Hospital Karachi between August 2018 to February 2019. A total of 201 patients were included in the study. Time was recorded from insertion of colonoscope to the time required to reach the cecum. Bowel preparation was graded during withdrawal of colonoscope by using Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Pearson Correlation test was used to study correlation of BBPS scores with CIT, gender, BMI, adenoma and polyp detection. Results: In this study 201 patients undergoing colonoscopy were included. Mean ±SD of age of patients was 36.9 ±15.8 years. Out of the 201 patients 112 (56%) were males and 89 (44%) were females. The results of our study showed that increased Boston Bowel Preparation Scale Scores were associated with decreased caecal intubation time. The mean CIT was 10.7 ±5.4 minutes and Pearson correlation was significant at 0.002. Significant correlations of BBPS were also found with BMI and adenoma detection. Conclusion: The diagnostic effectiveness of colonoscopy depends upon the quality of the preparation. Good bowel preparation improves the speed of colonoscopy and its completeness. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1031 How to cite this:Alvi H, Rasheed T, Shaikh MA, Ali FS, Zuberi BF, Samejo AA. Impact of bowel preparation on caecal intubation time during colonoscopy. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1516-1519. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1031 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Impact of COVID-19 on academic activities of final year nursing students: a Zambian reflection

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20212377 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 806

Author(s):

Kennedy Mwila ◽

Florence Kalolo ◽

Steward Mudenda ◽

Christabel Nangandu Hikaambo

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Education Sector ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Academic Activities ◽

Course Work ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

The Impact

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had many impacts on the education sector. The pandemic has had negative impacts on the academic activities of nursing students globally. Therefore, we assessed the impact of the COVID-19 on final year nursing students’ academic activities in Lusaka and Mufulira districts of Zambia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that employed quantitative methods using a structured questionnaire among 196 final year nursing students from 1August 2020 to 30 September 2020. Data were analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21.Results: A female predominance (67.9%) and a response rate of 86% were obtained. Many students strongly agreed (32.7%) and agreed (20.4%) that they did not complete their course work resulting in some concepts being poorly taught, 86.1% strongly agreed that they had delayed final examinations, and 51.5% strongly agreed that they did not do their clinical attachments. Students strongly disagreed (40.3%) that the e-library and wireless facilities in their school were well-stocked. Hence, this resulted in some students (40.3%) missing class lessons and assessments.Conclusions:The COVID-19 epidemic has negatively affected the academic activities of nursing students in Zambia. Ministries responsible for education must put in place measures that will mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the education sector. Schools must adapt to the changes in the way of conducting learning and assessment sessions. Finally, schools must improve on their e-library and wireless facilities to effectively support online learning.

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The Impact of Cannabis Abuse on Psychotic Symptoms and Their Severity among Cannabis Associated Psychosis Subjects: An Indian Experience

Psychocentrum Review ◽

10.26539/pcr.31577 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

Ramchandra Lamba ◽

Sona Budaniya ◽

Rajendera Kumar Acharya ◽

Ram Kumar Solanki ◽

Ashok Kumar

Keyword(s):

Early Onset ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Severe Form ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cannabis Abuse ◽

The Impact

Use of cannabis for recreational, religious and cultures has been prevalent since ancient times. It is one of the commonest used illicit substance. While not all cannabis users develop psychiatric problems, heavy cannabis use may increase the risk of cognitive abnormalities, psychotic illness and mood disorders. This research aimed to evaluate severity of various psychotic symptoms in relation to variables of cannabis abuse. A cross sectional study of 30 male patients admitted at tertiary care psychiatric center with diagnosis of cannabis-associated psychosis was carried out. Cannabis abuse variables along with psychotic symptoms severity on BPRS scale were obtained. Correlation between variables of cannabis abuse and psychotic symptoms and total BPRS score were derived using Pearson correlation 2- tailed test. Hostility (83%) and excitement (77%) were most prevalent symptoms with increased severity followed by elevated mood, grandiosity, suspiciousness and motor hyperactivity. Patients with long duration and early onset of cannabis abuse presented with more severe form of psychosis. Frequency of cannabis use was not significantly correlated with total BPRS score, although amount spent over cannabis was significantly associated with total BPRS score. Family history of cannabis abuse predicted early onset of cannabis abuse.

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