scholarly journals Age-Related, Sport-Specific Dysfunctions of the Shoulder and Pelvic Girdle in Athletes Table Tennis Players. Observational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 337-344
Author(s):  
Daniel-Andrei IORDAN ◽  
George-Dănuț MOCANU ◽  
Mircea-Dan MOCANU ◽  
Constantin MUNTEANU ◽  
Georgiana Bianca CONSTANTIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
The Mean

Background: Postural skills are fundamental in motor activities, so far no evidence of a direct relationship has been found, it is therefore recommended to consider the following directions, the higher the level of sports competition, the better the body posture; or better athletes also have a better body posture. Around the age of 11-14 years, it is a period of aggressive development, if the rapid growth of the bone system is not associated and symmetrical with the development of soft tissues serious postural deficiencies may develop in table tennis players. Methods: We used the web camera – photographic method (38) related to the Sensor Medica software that allows the acquisition of images in order to detect postural deficiencies and we considered it necessary to have a clear image of the level of technical-tactical training of female juniors III using 5 tests specific to topspin attack in order to assess the influence of body posture on such tests. Eighteen female juniors III (the mean ± SD age, height and weight were 11.1 ± 0.2 years, 147.7 ± 2.6 cm, 39.0 ± 2.0 kg). Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the procedures for establishing the normality of data distribution, Levene's Test for Equality of Variances, the t test for independent samples. The confidence interval was set at 95% (p < 0.05), Results and Conclusions: Since Sig. (2-tailed) or p < α = 0.001 and taking into account that the confidence interval limits for the difference between the sample mean and the reference value (95% CI for the mean difference) do not contain the zero value, it is accepted that there are statistically significant differences between the shoulder inclination for the female athletes in the sample studied and the reference value. We identified that at the level of alignment between anatomical landmarks, the percentage of deficiency of the entire lot of female juniors III in the case of shoulders is 100% and at the level of PSIS is 66%, which validates several studies that stated that in this period of aggressive growth correlated with repetitive unilateral executions specific to the topspin attack lead to postural deficiencies. In terms of the influence of body posture on the quality level, we identified that Group 1 – (without PSIS imbalance) has a higher average overall efficiency of the 5 tests (11.33) compared to Group 2 (8.58), even if from a statistical point of view these differences are not significant. Keywords: Body posture, Asimmetry, Topspin attack, Table tennis, Sensor Medica,

scholarly journals Somatotipo y polimorfismo del gen ACTN3 y ECA en jugadores de tenis de mesa chilenos (Somatotype and polymorphism of the ACTN3 and ACE gene in Chilean table tennis players)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 791-797
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Moraga Muñoz ◽  
Alexis Caniuqueo Vargas ◽  
Matías Monsalves-Alvarez ◽  
Mauricio Cresp Barría ◽  
Claudio Hernández Mosqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Ace Gene ◽  
Competitive Success ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain

  Introducción. El estudio de variables antropométricas y genéticas son fundamentales como determinantes del rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el somatotipo y la frecuencia de genotipo y alelo de 𝜶-actinina 3 (ACTN3) R577X y enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA) I/D polimorfismo de jugadores de tenis de mesa chilenos. Método. Se estudiaron 24 tenimesistas varones (edad 22,1 ± 5,4) del ranking nacional de Chile. La obtención de ACTN3 y ECA se recogió por muestra la saliva y se analizaron mediante reacción cadena de la polimerasa convencional. La estructura corporal se caracterizó a través del método del somatotipo propuesto por Carter. A partir de estadísticas descriptiva, se analizaron los valores medios de somatotipo, frecuencia de clasificación y ubicación de somato carta, además, de valores de frecuencia de genotipo y alelo de ACTN3 R/X y ECA I/D polimorfismo de acuerdo con número de aparición y porcentaje.Resultados. Se evidenció un predominio de clasificación mesoendomórfica y endomesomórfica, una mayor frecuencia fenotípica XX con predominio de alelo X para el gen ACTN3 y mayor frecuencia DI con predominio de alelo D para ECA. Conclusión. El somatotipo de tenimesistas chilenos tiene una orientación hacia mesoendomorfía y un predominio XX y alelo X del gen ACTN3 y, predominio del genotipo DI y alelo D del gen ECA, estas características podrían ofrecer una ventaja genética en cuanto a niveles de fuerza y potencia muscular, posiblemente facilitando la práctica y el éxito competitivo en estos tenimesistas chilenos.  Abstract. Introduction. The study of anthropometric and genetic variables are essential as determinants of sports performance. Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the somatotype and the frequency of genotype and allele of 𝜶-actinin 3 (ACTN3) R577X and angiotensin converting enzyme (RCT) I / D polymorphism of Chilean table tennis players. Method. 24 male table tennis players (age 22.1 x 5.4) of Chile's national rankings were studied. Obtaining ACTN3 and ACE was collected by sample of saliva and analyzed by polymerase chain in real time. The body structure was characterized through the somatotype method proposed by Carter. From descriptive statistics, the mean values of somatotype, frequency of classification and location of somato letter were analyzed, in addition, of genotype frequency values and allele of ACTN3 R/X and ECA I/D polymorphism according to number of occurrence and percentage. Results. It demonstrated a predominance of mesoendomorphy and endomorphy classification, a higher phenotypic frequency XX with predominance of allele X for the ACTN3 gene and higher frequency of DI allele with predomina D for ACE. Conclusion. The somatotype of Chilean tenimestists has an orientation towards mesoendomorphy and a predominance of the genotype XX and allele X of the ACTN3 gene and, predominance of the DI genotype and allele D of the ACE gene, these characteristics could offer a genetic advantage in terms of strength levels and muscle potency, possibly facilitating practice and competitive success in these Chilean tenimists.

A model for the effect of bias for cholesterol on the population at risk.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2256-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Kroll ◽  
M Ruddel ◽  
R J Elin
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Methodological Bias ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The location of the Reference Value for an analyte within the population distribution affects the magnitude of error due to methodological bias. Using the gaussian distribution, we evaluated the effects of systematic and proportional biases of the method (positive and negative), mean value, and standard deviation on the magnitude of error. We chose four Reference Values for cholesterol as a model. For a population with a mean of 2.0 and SD of 0.36 g of cholesterol per liter, a 3% positive proportional bias causes sixfold more error at the 50th percentile than at the 97.5th. In general, the error for a given bias (proportional or systematic) is greater for a Reference Value within the body than at the tails of the distribution. Further, the magnitude of the error varies as a function of the mean and standard deviation of the population.

scholarly journals Internal Proportions of The Body Composition in Members of the Female National Tennis Team of Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (73) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Jagiello ◽  
Wladislaw Jagiello
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
National Team ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body

Contemporary anthropological research confirms the fact that body composition is one of the basic elements differentiating athletes from persons not practising sport. Among athletes representing various branches of sport there are also significant differences in their body composition. Internal proportions of the body composition of an athlete, or a selected group of athletes, is an especially important yet little researched issue of sports anthropology. This problem is still topical in sports games, especially in tennis. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine internal proportions of the body composition of female tennis players from the Polish national team in comparison to persons who do not practice sport professionally. The study involved female athletes of the Polish national tennis team (n = 10). The study was carried out in a training camp from 28 September to 9 October 2002 in Zakopane — Centre of Sports Preparation. Athletes’ age was 16—20 (18.1 ± 1.4) years, and the training experience 8—12 years (10.5 ± 1.8). The mean body height for the group members was 171.9 ± 6.7 cm and the mean body mass 59.7 ± 6.3 kg. The results of research by Piechaczek et al. (1996) constituted the reference point for the results of measurements of Polish tennis representatives. The authors studied 153 female students of Warsaw Technical University aged 20.2 ± 1.09 years. They were randomly chosen students of the first and the second year of various departments at this university. The mean body height of the students was 166.2 ± 6.2 cm and the mean body mass 57.4 ± 7.72 kg. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard instruments (Drozdowski, 1998). The analysis involved 11 somatic features which determined three so-called factors of body composition: length (m1), stoutness (m2) and obesity (m3). The assessment of proportions of the body composition was made by means of Perkal’s natural indices (1953) with Milicerowa’s modifications (1956). We determined the following: composition factors (m), index of total body size (M), internal proportions of the body composition, evenness of composition, the code of internal proportions; also the assessment of internal proportions of the body composition within each of the factors.Taking into consideration the mean values of the studied somatic features in the control group and the comparative group we found differences in their body composition. The representatives of the Polish national tennis team showed substantially longer upper and lower limbs, and the body height was greater. They also had much greater forearm perimeter and shorter pelvic width. As to the total body size, the tennis players slightly exceeded the students (M = 0.24). The total body size (M) resulted from high values of length features (m1 = 1.01), low ones of stoutness (m2 = –0.39) and medium ones of obesity (m3 = 0.1). The value of the intragroup variability index (harmony of composition) amounted to 1.4 and the code of internal proportions of tennis players’ body composition — to 6—2—4. The proportions of internal features of the stoutness index (natural indices of features within a factor) showed the advantage of the forearm perimeter (1.62) and elbow width (0.36). The knee width (–1.30) and pelvic width (–0.60) were disproportionate to the total value of this factor. The input of features characterizing the length factor was relatively proportional.Keywords: tennis, training, body composition, internal proportions.

scholarly journals Aspects of the postural alignment and plantar structure in junior female table tennis players

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Daniel Andrei Iordan ◽  
Claudiu Mereuță ◽  
Mircea Dan Mocanu
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Postural Alignment ◽  
Dynamic Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Static Level

The purpose of the present scientific research in performance table tennis at the level of junior female athletes was to determine the postural alignment and structure of the foot sole at static level, in order to create an ameliorationprogram specific to kinetotherapy in the future, in case of identifying deficiencies.Hypothesis: It is assumed that by using modern means of assessing posture and plantar footprints at dynamic level,we can identify the correlations between them in order to facilitate effective compensation systems.The aim of this research is to improve the quality of life and sports performance in junior female table tennisplayers.Methods: The assessment of body posture and plantar footprint was performed by using images, using the freeStepsoftware by Sensor Medica and the assessment of the static plantar pressure and surface was performed by usingthe FreeMedbaropodometric platform. The study was conducted on a group of 9 female table tennis athletes withages between 10 and 12 years old. The deviations from the normal postural and plantar values were calculated withIBM SPSS Statistics software, Version 23.Results and Conclusions: The values (p <0.001 <α = 0.05) for the left sole, respectively (p = 0.001 <α = 0.05) for the right sole, highlight significant differences between the total plantar area and the reference value on both soles of the foot, from the postural assessment resulting a significant difference between the group values and the reference value for all measurements (p <0.001 <α = 0.05).

scholarly journals COMPARACION DEL PROMEDIO Y LA MEDIANA COMO ESTIMADORES DE LA MEDIA PARA MUESTRAS NORMALES DEPENDIENDO DEL TAMAÑO DE MUESTRA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
José W. Camero Jiménez ◽  
Jahaziel G. Ponce Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Hypothesis Tests ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Actualmente los métodos para estimar la media son los basados en el intervalo de confianza del promedio o media muestral. Este trabajo pretende ayudar a escoger el estimador (promedio o mediana) a usar dependiendo del tamaño de muestra. Para esto se han generado, vía simulación en excel, muestras con distribución normal y sus intervalos de confianza para ambos estimadores, y mediante pruebas de hipótesis para la diferencia de proporciones se demostrará que método es mejor dependiendo del tamaño de muestra. Palabras clave.-Tamaño de muestra, Intervalo de confianza, Promedio, Mediana. ABSTRACTCurrently the methods for estimating the mean are those based on the confidence interval of the average or sample mean. This paper aims to help you choose the estimator (average or median) to use depending on the sample size. For this we have generated, via simulation in EXCEL, samples with normal distribution and confidence intervals for both estimators, and by hypothesis tests for the difference of proportions show that method is better depending on the sample size. Keywords.-Sampling size, Confidence interval, Average, Median.

scholarly journals Habitual and ready positions in female table tennis players and their relation to the prevalence of back pain

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9170
Author(s):  
Ziemowit Bańkosz ◽  
Katarzyna Barczyk-Pawelec
Keyword(s):  
Body Position ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Spinal Curvatures ◽  
Tennis Players

Background The current body of knowledge shows that there is very little research into the occurrence and scale of asymmetry or postural defects in table tennis. It is interesting which regions of the spine are exposed to the greatest changes in the shape of its curvatures and whether the asymmetrical position of the shoulder and pelvic girdles in table tennis players changes when adopting the ready position. Consequently, can overload occur in certain parts of the spine and can the asymmetry deepen as a response of adopting this position? The reply to these questions may be an indication of the need for appropriate compensatory or corrective measures. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of body position during play on the change in the shape of anterior–posterior spinal curvatures and trunk asymmetry in table tennis players. Methods To evaluate body posture the photogrammetric method based on the Moiré phenomenon with equipment by CQ electronic was applied. The study involved 22 female players practicing competitive table tennis (the age of 17 ± 4.5, with the average training experience of 7 ± 4.3 years, body mass of 47.8 ± 15.8, and body height of 161.2 ± 10.4). Each participant completed an author’s own questionnaire on spinal pain. The shape of curvatures in the sagittal and frontal plane was evaluated in the participant in the habitual standing position and in the table tennis ready position. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and the significance of differences was tested using the Mann–Whitney U test. Results and Conclusions This study demonstrated the dominance of kyphotic body posture in table tennis players, which can be caused by many hours of using the ready position during playing. After adopting this position, there are significant differences in the angles of anterior and posterior spinal curvatures compared to the habitual posture. This may be the cause of overloads and pain complaints reported by the study participants. Adopting the ready position is also associated with an increase in asymmetry in the position (rotation) of the pelvis and spinous processes (frontal plane). Therefore, training programs should be extended with exercises that relieve the spine in the vertical line and exercises that improve symmetry of the work of the upper limbs, body trunk muscles and the pelvis.

scholarly journals Multidetector computed tomography study to measure thoracic aorta diameters in Egyptian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Shehata Mohamed Ismail ◽  
Shareefa Ali Mohammad Al-Suraimi ◽  
Hossam El Din Ghanem El Hossary ◽  
Mohamed Ali Salem ◽  
Hossam Ibrahim Hamed Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aortic Diseases ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Egyptian Population ◽  
Normal Reference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The aorta is the largest and strongest artery in the body that plays an important role in the control of systemic vascular resistance and heart rate. Aortic diseases contribute to the wide spectrum of arterial diseases that may be diagnosed after a long period of subclinical development. Multidetector computed tomographic scanners (≥ 64 detector rows) for aortic imaging remain one of the most preferred imaging techniques for diagnosis and follow-up of aortic conditions in acute as well as chronic presentations. The aim of this study is to establish a normal reference values for aortic diameters among Egyptian population and to find which of the cardiovascular risk factors could be an independent determinant of the aortic diameters. Results Five hundred and sixteen Egyptian individuals were enrolled in our study, the mean age was 53.5 ± 10.9, and males comprised 61.4% of the study population. Aortic root diameters measured at the annulus, sinus and STJ were 23.09 ± 2.55 mm, 33.75 ± 3.93 mm and 26.13 ± 3.05 mm, respectively. The BSA-indexed diameters were 11.70 ± 1.39, 17.10 ± 2.10 and 13.25 ± 1.65, respectively. The diameter of the tubular part of ascending aorta was 30.97 ± 4.16 mm, and the BSA-indexed diameter was 15.71 ± 2.28. The aortic diameters measured at the level of the pulmonary bifurcation were 24.56 ± 2.95 mm and 23.79 ± 2.96 mm at systolic and diastolic phases, respectively. The BSA-indexed diameters were 12.44 ± 1.52 and 12.05 ± 1.52 at systolic and diastolic phases, respectively. At the diaphragmatic level, the mean diameters were 22.39 ± 2.72 mm and 21.49 ± 2.79 mm at systolic and diastolic phases, respectively. The BSA-indexed diameters were 11.34 ± 1.43 and 10.98 ± 1.48 at systolic and diastolic phases, respectively. Age, gender, BSA, BMI and hypertension were statistically significant independent predictors of ascending and descending aortic diameters. Conclusions Our study established a normal reference value for thoracic aortic diameters among Egyptians using contrast enhanced MSCT aortography. Age, Gender, BSA, BMI and hypertension are the major determinants of aortic diameters.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Profiles in Table Tennis Players: Analysis of Sex, Age, and Ranking

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Francisco Pradas ◽  
Ana de la Torre ◽  
Luis Carrasco ◽  
Diego Muñoz ◽  
Javier Courel-Ibáñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Ranking Position

Table tennis has recently evolved towards a more spectacular sport increasing match-play demands and the intensity and speed of actions by regulations and equipment modification. Since these changes can alter the body composition and performance, this study aimed to analyze the differences in anthropometric attributes of 495 table tennis players (288 men, 207 women) according to sex, age, and ranking. Players were classified according to sex, age categories (Senior, Under-18, Under-15, Under 13, and Under 11), and ranking position. Anthropometry measurements included eight skinfolds’ thicknesses (biceps brachii, triceps, subscapular, iliac crest, supraspinal, abdominal, thigh, and medial calf), four girths (biceps brachii relaxed and contracted, thigh, and calf), and three breadths (biepicondylar femur, biepicondylar humerus, and bistiloyd wrist) to determine fat mass, lean mass, bone, cross sectional area (CSA) for arm, leg, and thigh, and somatotype. Results revealed that table tennis players presented differences in body mass composition, anthropometry, and somatotype according to sex and age category and ranking. It seems confirmed that regular table tennis practice during the childhood is associated with a healthy body composition status, that appears to be maintained across older ages if keeping the practice. Senior table tennis players showed a fat mass <20% and lean mass ~45% in men and ~37% in women. A new contribution is that higher lean mass in the upper limbs was associated with higher ranking position (i.e., better performance), endomorphic somatotypes were negative related to performance, and ectomorphic profiles seems more effective, which suggest the potential influence of morphologic changes in table tennis competition performance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of body posture in nursing students

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Fernandes Andrade ◽  
Érika de Cássia Lopes Chaves ◽  
Michele Rita Oliveira Miguel ◽  
Talita Prado Simão ◽  
Denismar Alves Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Practice Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Stages

Abstract OBJECTIVE To investigate the body posture of nursing students before and after clinical practice. METHOD The study was developed in two stages. Initially the body posture of students of the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th periods were assessed through photogrammetry. All images were analyzed in a random and masked manner with CorporisPro® 3.1.3 software. Three evaluations were performed for each angle and then the mean value was calculated. Two years later, when the 4th period students had developed their clinical internships, their body posture was again evaluated. RESULTS The total sample consisted of 112 students. Comparison of their posture with the normality pattern showed that all the angles presented significant differences (p< 0.00), except for the angle of the Thales triangle. Reassessment of these students evidenced significant differences in the angles of the acromioclavicular joint (p=0.03), knee flexion (p< 0.00) and in the tibiotarsal angle (p< 0.00). CONCLUSION All the students presented alterations when compared to the normality values. The segments that presented significant differences between before and after practice were the acromioclavicular angle, knee flexion, and tibiotarsal angle; the latter two were in the rolling position.

scholarly journals Understanding the Difference Between Standard Deviation and Standard Error of the Mean, and Knowing When to Use Which

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-410
Author(s):  
Chittaranjan Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Many authors are unsure of whether to present the mean along with the standard deviation (SD) or along with the standard error of the mean (SEM). The SD is a descriptive statistic that estimates the scatter of values around the sample mean; hence, the SD describes the sample. In contrast, the SEM is an estimate of how close the sample mean is to the population mean; it is an intermediate term in the calculation of the 95% confidence interval around the mean, and (where applicable) statistical significance; the SEM does not describe the sample. Therefore, the mean should always be accompanied by the SD when describing the sample. There are many reasons why the SEM continues to be reported, and it is argued that none of these is justifiable. In fact, presentation of SEMs may mislead readers into believing that the sample data are more precise than they actually are. Given that the standard error is not presented for other parameters, such as difference between means or proportions, and difference between proportions, it is suggested that presentation of SEM values can be done away with, altogether.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document