ROCK SLOPE STABILITY PROBLEMS IN NATURAL SIGHTSEEING AREAS - AN EXAMPLE FROM ARVANITIA, NAFPLIO, GREECE

The morphological and geological setting of Greece, the active tectonics and the irrational human activities results to the fact that several natural sightseeing areas or even more, archaeological sites and monuments are located in areas with unfavourable geotechnical conditions. The selection of the proper support and protection measures in most of the cases appear to be very difficult because the applied measures must reassure the minimum aesthetic destruction of the sites. The natural sightseeing area of the Arvanitia walkway, in Nafplio city, is a typical example of site, with extensive human activities, manifesting serious rockfall stability problems. The applied stability analysis pointed out the geotechnical problems and allowed the suggestion of measures for the improvement of the geotechnical behaviour of the rock mass. The measures were planned with respect to the natural beauty and the historical character of the site. Further more, the stability problems located at the slopes of the Kastoria lake walkway are briefly presented. The differences between the two sites revealed the geotechnical problems arising when the landplaning engineers do not take under consideration the engineering geological conditions during the construction of infrastructures.

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Study on Hydrological Engineering Geological Conditions and Anti-leakage Measures

Journal of Geological Research ◽

10.30564/jgr.v1i1.683 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yiqiang Yu

Keyword(s):

Human Activities ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Continuous Development ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

Water Conservancy ◽

The Stability

With the continuous development of economy and society, people's ability to transform society has been improved. To break the constraints of hydrological and climatic conditions, some hydrology and water conservancy projects were constructed to meet the needs of human activities. In the construction of hydrological engineering, geological conditions are first surveyed to determine whether there are significant geological structure problems, in order to enhance the stability of hydrological engineering and reduce the probability of hydrological engineering leakage.

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Slope Stability Problems Along the Main Roads in the Kurdistan Region

Academic Journal of Nawroz University ◽

10.25007/ajnu.v7n4a290 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 197

Author(s):

Varoujan K. Sissakian ◽

Hassan O. Omer

Keyword(s):

Slope Stability ◽

Winter Season ◽

Road Construction ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Modern Technology ◽

Kurdistan Region ◽

Stability Problems ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

Different Types ◽

The Stability

The Kurdistan Region is covered by the relevant net of roads. Since the major parts of the Kurdistan Region are mountainous; therefore, the majority of them are in snake curve form. Construction of roads in mountainous areas will destroy the natural slopes, and when not treated; then different types of landslides will occur. Accordingly, the unstable slopes will cause a lot of risk to the traffic along the roads; endangering the driving along those roads; especially during winter season, and during and/ or shortly after heavy rain showers. The majority of the roads in the Kurdistan Region are planned, designed and constructed without considering the geological conditions, which include four parameters: 1) Type of the rocks and soils, 2) Dip direction and amount, 3) Intensity of joint planes, and 4) Weathering grade of the rocks. These are not considered due to: 1) Cost, 2) Construction’s duration, 3) Choosing easier paths, 4) Absence of experience, 5) Absence of modern technology, 6) Absence of road construction codes, and 7) Ignorance of the factor of safety. We studied different examples from roads in the Kurdistan Region and presented different types of slope stability problems. Moreover, we presented recommendations to keep the stability along unstable slopes.

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The hydrochemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater in Shuangliao City, China

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199801034 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 01034 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mingjun Liu ◽

Changlai Xiao ◽

Xiujuan Liang

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Quality ◽

Human Activities ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

Liaohe River ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

Type Water

In this study, a hydrochemical investigation was conducted in Shuangliao city to identify the hydrochemical characteristics and the quality of groundwater using descriptive statistics and correlation matrices. And on that basis, combined with Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), an improved two-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the groundwater quality. The results indicate that the major cations and anions in groundwater are Ca2+ and HCO3-, respectively. The chemical types are mainly HCO3—Ca type water, some areas are complicated due to the influence of human activities. The evaluation results show that the water quality in the area is mostly III type water, and the groundwater quality in some areas is IV or V water due to the influence of primary geological conditions or human activities. The groundwater quality in the East Liaohe River Valley and Shuangliao urban area is relatively poor, and in the northwest part which is the saline alkali soil area is also relatively poor.

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Study on instability failure mode and monitoring early warning standard of surrounding rock in fully weathered argillaceous sandstone section of large section tunnel

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201913604023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 04023

Author(s):

Ming Zhao ◽

Ke Li ◽

Hong Yan Guo ◽

KaiCheng Hua

Keyword(s):

Limit State ◽

Stable State ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Surrounding Rock ◽

Large Section ◽

Rock Stability ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

Construction Step ◽

The Face ◽

The Stability

Based on the special geological conditions of a tunnel in Qingyuan section of Huizhou-Zhanzhou Expressway, FLAC3d numerical simulation software is used to simulate the rheological properties and instability of surrounding rock in large-section fully weathered sandstone section, and the stability and loss of surrounding rock are analyzed. The deformation of the dome and the face at steady state is analyzed. It is found that: 1) when the surrounding rock is in a stable state, the deformation curve of the dome is smooth. When the surrounding rock of the face is unstable, the front of the face appears ahead. Deformation should be first strengthened on the surrounding rock in front of the face. 2) The arched foot is an important part of the instability of the surrounding rock. In order to prevent the expansion of the collapsed part, the arched part should be reinforced. 3) In order to obtain the limit state of surrounding rock stability, the strength of surrounding rock is reduced, and the strength reduction coefficient corresponding to the displacement sudden point is taken as the safety factor of rock stability around the hole, and the stability safety coefficients of surrounding rock of each construction step are greater than 1.2. 4) The dynamic standard values of deformation control in the whole construction stage are obtained by analyzing the deformation curves of each data monitoring point with time in the corresponding time period of each construction step.

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Assessment of Slope Instability and Risk Analysis of Road Cut Slopes in Lashotor Pass, Iran

Journal of Geological Research ◽

10.1155/2014/763598 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohammad Hossein Taherynia ◽

Mojtaba Mohammadi ◽

Rasoul Ajalloeian

Keyword(s):

Rock Mass ◽

Risk Analysis ◽

Rock Slope ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Slope Instability ◽

Rock Slope Stability ◽

Rock Slopes ◽

The Stability ◽

Cut Slopes ◽

Road Cut Slopes

Assessment of the stability of natural and artificial rock slopes is an important topic in the rock mechanics sciences. One of the most widely used methods for this purpose is the classification of the slope rock mass. In the recent decades, several rock slope classification systems are presented by many researchers. Each one of these rock mass classification systems uses different parameters and rating systems. These differences are due to the diversity of affecting parameters and the degree of influence on the rock slope stability. Another important point in rock slope stability is appraisal hazard and risk analysis. In the risk analysis, the degree of danger of rock slope instability is determined. The Lashotor pass is located in the Shiraz-Isfahan highway in Iran. Field surveys indicate that there are high potentialities of instability in the road cut slopes of the Lashotor pass. In the current paper, the stability of the rock slopes in the Lashotor pass is studied comprehensively with different classification methods. For risk analyses, we estimated dangerous area by use of the RocFall software. Furthermore, the dangers of falling rocks for the vehicles passing the Lashotor pass are estimated according to rockfall hazard rating system.

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A General Theorem on the Stability of a Class of Functional Equations Including Quartic-Cubic-Quadratic-Additive Equations

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math6120282 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 282

Author(s):

Yang-Hi Lee ◽

Soon-Mo Jung

Keyword(s):

Functional Equations ◽

Direct Method ◽

General Theorem ◽

Stability Problems ◽

General Stability ◽

Stability Theorems ◽

Additive Type ◽

The Stability

We prove general stability theorems for n-dimensional quartic-cubic-quadratic-additive type functional equations of the form by applying the direct method. These stability theorems can save us the trouble of proving the stability of relevant solutions repeatedly appearing in the stability problems for various functional equations.

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Community and heritage management: Linking stakeholders to archaeological sites in Kichakbadh

Nepalese Culture ◽

10.3126/nc.v8i0.27505 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 107-116

Author(s):

Abhijeet Thapa

Keyword(s):

Human Activities ◽

State Level ◽

Heritage Management ◽

The Other ◽

Destination Image ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Second Phase ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Multiple Field ◽

Management Issues

Community has been much of a striking terminology these days when associated with heritage management. Communities living nearby heritage sites, while at one hand are agents of conservation, on the other hand are sources of destruction in heritage sites and agents of risks. As such, this research unfolds the contested roles of local people for taking ownership of heritage management, understanding heritages, transmitting oral intangible values and valuing destination image at Kichakbadh Province -1, Nepal. The research, aimed at studying heritage management issues around the site has been supplemented by multiple field visits, numerous questionnaires and interviews with locals, visitors and experts. This article chiefly deals with the second phase of author’s exploration carried out on an annual fair called Maghe Purnima at Kichakbadh in 2019. While science of archaeology restricts human activities in conserved places, large fairs are held in archaeologically sensitive areas of Kichakbadh posing threats to archeological wealth there. To utter dismay, archaeological crimes are still common in many sites at Kichakbadh. Multiple field-visits, questionnaire with the stakeholders, visitors and community during the fair reveal that minimal traces of community and state level endeavors to conserve the sites do not meet the vast rescue requirements that Kichakbadh is actually in need of.

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SEA LEVEL CHANGES ALONG THE COASTS OF KEA ISLAND AND PALEOGEOGRAPHICAL COASTAL RECONSTRUCTION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece ◽

10.12681/bgsg.11196 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 453 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N.D Mourtzas

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Human Activity ◽

Human Activities ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Classical Period ◽

Sea Level Changes ◽

Coastal Morphology ◽

Sea Levels

Sea level changes during the Upper Holocene submerged the coasts of Kea in three different phases about 5.50m, 3.90m and 1.50m respectively below the contemporary sea level thus causing sea transgression along the shores of Kea, which varied from 8m to 78m depending on the coastal morphology. These changes caused the alteration of the earlier morphology at coastal archaeological sites of the Island, as the prehistoric settlement of Ayia Irini and Classical period port of Karthaia, as well as, submerged under the sea areas of coastal human activity during antiquity, as the ancient schist quarry at Spathi bay. The study of historical, geomorphological and sedimentological data indicative of previous sea levels allow the paleogeographical reconstruction of the coasts during the period of human activities in these areas.

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Numerical Modelling of The Behavior of Tunnel in Soft Surrounding Rock. A Case Study of Djebel El-Ouahch Tunnel, Algeria.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-163604/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Barkane Aicha ◽

Sami Mezhoud

Keyword(s):

Reference Model ◽

Soil Behavior ◽

Tunnel Excavation ◽

Circular Section ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

The Stability ◽

Tunnel Cross Section ◽

Calculation Code ◽

Surrounding Soil

Abstract The response of a massif to stresses generated by tunnel excavation depends essentially on the geological conditions, the geometry of the tunnel and its underground position. The major problem related to the construction of these structures is to ensure the stability of the whole tunnel-ground, by controlling the various deformation generated during the constructionIn this context, the present paper examines the effect of these conditions on the behavior of tunnels and the surrounding soil. The study is applied to a real tunnel, in this case the tunnel of Djebel El Ouahch, Algeria was taken as a reference model. The research includes a parametric study to evaluate the effect of several parameters on the behavior of the tunnel and surrounding soil such as the tunnel anchoring depth, the tunnel-soil interface rate, and the shape of the tunnel cross section. The analysis is performed using the PLAXIS 3D TUNNEL calculation code with an elastoplastic Mohr-coulomb model for the soil behavior. The results show that the strongest and most stable position is the mid-deep tunnel with a circular section, with a non-slip interface between the tunnel and the ground. These outcomes can help to understand the effects of various influences parameters which control the stability of the tunnel in a soil with bad characteristics.

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Analysis of Ground Deformation Caused by Subway Tunnel Excavation in Kunming

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202123603029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 236 ◽

pp. 03029

Author(s):

Ping Wei ◽

Liuchuang Wei

Keyword(s):

Ground Deformation ◽

Horizontal Displacement ◽

Subway Tunnel ◽

Buried Pipelines ◽

Tunnel Excavation ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

Soil Stress ◽

Foundation Deformation ◽

At Home

Research at home and abroad shows that subway excavation often causes soil stress loss, resulting in settlement deformation and horizontal displacement of stratum. Therefore, combined with the special engineering geological conditions in Kunming area, the foundation deformation caused by subway excavation is studied, so as to provide an important foundation for proposing the protection measures of surrounding buildings and buried pipelines and promoting the construction of subway.

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