scholarly journals IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON HYDROLOGIC BALANCE: A CASE STUDY OF VOCHA PLAIN, KORINTHIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
P. Venetsanou ◽  
C. Anagnostopoulou ◽  
K. Voudouris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Precipitation Decrease ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
Model Precipitation

The aim of this study is to evaluate climate model hydrological parameters in comparison to recorded hydrological data and estimate the impacts of climate change on water balance. For this purpose, a combination of climate model precipitation and temperature data and Thornthwaite method was applied for the period 1988-2000 and the future periods 2028-2040, 2058-2070 and 2088 2100. The application of this combination was carried out in a coastal region in Southeastern part of Korinthiakos Gulf (southern Greece). The area is suitable for this target, because it is characterized by urbanization, intensive agriculture and tourism development, with increasing water demands. The evaluation of climate model parameters in comparison to observed data shows that the RegCM3 model is a reliable model. According to the future projections and the Thornthwaite method, the real evapotranspiration is estimated to increase, as a result precipitation decrease and temperature increase.

scholarly journals Modelling the future evolution of glaciers in the European Alps under the EURO-CORDEX RCM ensemble

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Zekollari ◽  
Matthias Huss ◽  
Daniel Farinotti
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Surface Mass Balance ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Surface Mass ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
The Future

Abstract. Glaciers in the European Alps play an important role in the hydrological cycle, act as a source for hydroelectricity and have a large touristic importance. The future evolution of these glaciers is driven by surface mass balance and ice flow processes, which the latter is to date not included in regional glacier projections for the Alps. Here, we model the future evolution of glaciers in the European Alps with GloGEMflow, an extended version of the Global Glacier Evolution Model (GloGEM), in which both surface mass balance and ice flow are explicitly accounted for. The mass balance model is calibrated with glacier-specific geodetic mass balances, and forced with high-resolution regional climate model (RCM) simulations from the EURO-CORDEX ensemble. The evolution of the total glacier volume in the coming decades is relatively similar under the various representative concentrations pathways (RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5), with volume losses of about 47–52 % in 2050 with respect to 2017. We find that under RCP2.6, the ice loss in the second part of the 21st century is relatively limited and that about one-third (36.8 % ± 11.1 %) of the present-day (2017) ice volume will still present in 2100. Under a strong warming (RCP8.5) the future evolution of the glaciers is dictated by a substantial increase in surface melt, and glaciers are projected to largely disappear by 2100 (94.4 ± 4.4 % volume loss vs. 2017). For a given RCP, differences in future changes are mainly determined by the driving global climate model, rather than by the RCM that is coupled to it, and these differences are larger than those arising from various model parameters. We find that under a limited warming, the inclusion of ice dynamics reduces the projected mass loss and that this effect increases with the glacier elevation range, implying that the inclusion of ice dynamics is likely to be important for global glacier evolution projections.

Applying climate model precipitation scenarios for urban hydrological assessment: A case study in Kalmar City, Sweden

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Olsson ◽  
K. Berggren ◽  
M. Olofsson ◽  
M. Viklander
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Model Precipitation

scholarly journals The Role of Forests in Mitigating Climate Change – a Case Study for Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borbála Gálos ◽  
Andreas Hänsler ◽  
Georg Kindermann ◽  
Diana Rechid ◽  
Kevin Sieck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Climate Change Signal ◽  
Precipitation Decrease

Abstract - A regional-scale case study has been carried out to assess the possible climatic benefits of forest cover increase in Europe. For the end of the 21st century (2071-2090) it has been investigated, whether the projected climate change could be reduced assuming potential afforestation of the continent. The magnitude of the biogeophysical effects of enhanced forest cover on temperature and precipitation means and extremes have been analyzed relative to the magnitude of the climate change signal applying the regional climate model REMO. The simulation results indicate that in the largest part of the temperate zone potential afforestation may reduce the projected climate change through cooler and moister conditions, thus could contribute to the mitigation of the projected climate change for the entire summer period. The largest relative effect of forest cover increase can be expected in northern Germany, Poland and Ukraine. Here, the projected precipitation decrease could be fully compensated, the temperature increase could be relieved by up to 0.5 °C, and the probability of extremely warm and dry days could be reduced. Results can help to identify the areas, where forest cover increase could be the most effective from climatic point of view. Thus they can build an important basis of the future adaptation strategies and forest policy.

scholarly journals Application of MODFLOW with Boundary Conditions Analyses Based on Limited Available Observations: A Case Study of Birjand Plain in East Iran

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghlmand ◽  
Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Sustainable Planning

Increasing water demands, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, continuously exacerbate groundwater resources as the only reliable water resources in these regions. Groundwater numerical modeling can be considered as an effective tool for sustainable management of limited available groundwater. This study aims to model the Birjand aquifer using GMS: MODFLOW groundwater flow modeling software to monitor the groundwater status in the Birjand region. Due to the lack of the reliable required data to run the model, the obtained data from the Regional Water Company of South Khorasan (RWCSK) are controlled using some published reports. To get practical results, the aquifer boundary conditions are improved in the established conceptual method by applying real/field conditions. To calibrate the model parameters, including the hydraulic conductivity, a semi-transient approach is applied by using the observed data of seven years. For model performance evaluation, mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE) are calculated. The results of the model are in good agreement with the observed data and therefore, the model can be used for studying the water level changes in the aquifer. In addition, the results can assist water authorities for more accurate and sustainable planning and management of groundwater resources in the Birjand region.

scholarly journals Modelling the future evolution of glaciers in the European Alps under the EURO-CORDEX RCM ensemble

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Zekollari ◽  
Matthias Huss ◽  
Daniel Farinotti
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Surface Mass Balance ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Surface Mass ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
The Future

Abstract. Glaciers in the European Alps play an important role in the hydrological cycle, act as a source for hydroelectricity and have a large touristic importance. The future evolution of these glaciers is driven by surface mass balance and ice flow processes, of which the latter is to date not included explicitly in regional glacier projections for the Alps. Here, we model the future evolution of glaciers in the European Alps with GloGEMflow, an extended version of the Global Glacier Evolution Model (GloGEM), in which both surface mass balance and ice flow are explicitly accounted for. The mass balance model is calibrated with glacier-specific geodetic mass balances and forced with high-resolution regional climate model (RCM) simulations from the EURO-CORDEX ensemble. The evolution of the total glacier volume in the coming decades is relatively similar under the various representative concentrations pathways (RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5), with volume losses of about 47 %–52 % in 2050 with respect to 2017. We find that under RCP2.6, the ice loss in the second part of the 21st century is relatively limited and that about one-third (36.8 % ± 11.1 %, multi-model mean ±1σ) of the present-day (2017) ice volume will still be present in 2100. Under a strong warming (RCP8.5) the future evolution of the glaciers is dictated by a substantial increase in surface melt, and glaciers are projected to largely disappear by 2100 (94.4±4.4 % volume loss vs. 2017). For a given RCP, differences in future changes are mainly determined by the driving global climate model (GCM), rather than by the RCM, and these differences are larger than those arising from various model parameters (e.g. flow parameters and cross-section parameterisation). We find that under a limited warming, the inclusion of ice dynamics reduces the projected mass loss and that this effect increases with the glacier elevation range, implying that the inclusion of ice dynamics is likely to be important for global glacier evolution projections.

Impacts of rainfall changes on groundwater balance of coastal aquifers: a case study of the Thermaikos Gulf, North Greece

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Precipitation Decrease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Precipitation Reduction

<div> <p>Groundwater is one of the major parameters in maintaining ecology in many regions. As climate is one of the main factors which affects groundwater resources, the main objective of the present study is to assess the impact of rainfall changes on the groundwater system by projecting the future changes in the 21<sup>st</sup> century (2021-2050 and 2071-2100). For this reason, the RegCM3 climate model precipitation data, which showed a reduction in rainfall, was entered in the steady-state groundwater flow model MODFLOW for the case study of a coastal aquifer in the eastern part of the Thermaikos Gulf (North Greece). The uprising urbanization in combination with the intensive cultivation have led to the overexploitation of the coastal aquifer and seawater intrusion. The groundwater flow simulation by using the MODFLOW code indicates a negative water budget and estimates the quantities of the seawater intrusion. According to the RegCM3 climate model, the precipitation reduction is estimated to be 4% during the period of 2021-2050, while the precipitation decrease is expected to be 22% during the period of 2071-2100. Furthermore, the natural recharge of the coastal aquifer is expected to be influenced by the precipitation reduction. Finally, the seawater intrusion amounts are expected to increase during these future periods and more specifically during the second period of 2071-2100.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Gendered differences in emigration and mobility perspectives among European researchers working abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Scheibelhofer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Highly Skilled

This paper focuses on gendered mobilities of highly skilled researchers working abroad. It is based on an empirical qualitative study that explored the mobility aspirations of Austrian scientists who were working in the United States at the time they were interviewed. Supported by a case study, the paper demonstrates how a qualitative research strategy including graphic drawings sketched by the interviewed persons can help us gain a better understanding of the gendered importance of social relations for the future mobility aspirations of scientists working abroad.

Case study on the use of dynamically downscaled climate model data for assessing water security in the Lower Hunter region of the eastern seaboard of Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Lockart ◽  
Garry Willgoose ◽  
George Kuczera ◽  
Anthony Kiem ◽  
AFM Kamal Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Hunter Region ◽  
Eastern Seaboard

scholarly journals Scoping Review of Thermal Comfort Research in Colombia

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Medina ◽  
Carolina M. Rodriguez ◽  
Maria Camila Coronado ◽  
Lina Maria Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Future ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Occupant Satisfaction

The analysis of thermal comfort in buildings, energy consumption, and occupant satisfaction is crucial to influencing the architectural design methodologies of the future. However, research in these fields in developing countries is sectorised. Most times, the standards to study and assess thermal comfort such as ASHRAE Standard 55, EN 15251, and ISO 7730 are insufficient and not appropriate for the geographical areas of application. This article presents a scoping review of published work in Colombia, as a representative case study, to highlight the state-of-the-art, research trends, gaps, and potential areas for further development. It examines the amount, origin, extent, and content of research and peer-reviewed documentation over the last decades. The findings allow new insights regarding the preferred models and the evaluation tools that have been used to date and that are recommended to use in the future. It also includes additional information regarding the most and least studied regions, cities, and climates in the country. This work could be of interest for the academic community and policymakers in the areas related to indoor and urban climate management and energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Ice thickness and volume of the Renland Ice Cap, East Greenland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Iben Koldtoft ◽  
Aslak Grinsted ◽  
Bo M. Vinther ◽  
Christine S. Hvidberg
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Ice Cap

Abstract To assess the amount of ice volume stored in glaciers or ice caps, a method to estimate ice thickness distribution is required for glaciers where no direct observations are available. In this study, we use an existing inverse method to estimate the bedrock topography and ice thickness of the Renland Ice Cap, East Greenland, using satellite-based observations of the surface topography. The inverse approach involves a procedure in which an ice dynamical model is used to build-up an ice cap in steady state with climate forcing from a regional climate model, and the bedrock is iteratively adjusted until the modelled and observed surface topography match. We validate our model results against information from airborne radar data and satellite observed surface velocity, and we find that the inferred ice thickness and thereby the stored total volume of the ice cap is sensitive to the assumed ice softness and basal slipperiness. The best basal model parameters for the Renland Ice Cap are determined and the best estimated total ice volume of 384 km3 is found. The Renland Ice Cap is particularly interesting because of its location at a high elevation plateau and hence assumed low sensitivity to climate change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document