scholarly journals Benthic macro-faunal abundance and diversity and sediment distribution in Akhziv submarine canyon and the adjacent slope (eastern Levant Basin, Mediterranean Sea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
MIA RODITI-ELASAR ◽  
DAN KEREM ◽  
MICHAEL LAZAR ◽  
ORIT BARNEAH ◽  
AHUVA ALMOGI-LABIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Gravity Corer ◽  
Faunal Abundance ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Sea Bed

The Israeli coastline is generally characterized by a broad and shallow continental shelf. Akhziv submarine canyon (ASC), in its northern reach, creates a locally unique marine ecosystem. The present study is the first to investigate the benthic macro-fauna of ASC, in order to assess its importance as a potential productivity ‘hotspot’ within its ultra-oligotrophic surroundings. Seven research cruises were conducted during 2010-2013, along ASC’s two channels and at iso-bathic control sites on the adjacent slope (AS), encompassing 8 sampling stations, at depths of 40-450 m. Bottom samples were collected by a Van Veen Grab, gravity corer and a GOMEX box corer. The infauna (≥500 µm) were counted and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Sediments were analysed for grain size & composition and total organic carbon concentration. Mean benthic macro-faunal abundance (individuals/500ml ± SD) was higher inside the canyon (13.0±19.4) compared to the AS (2.9±3.3) (p=0.004), as was estimated true taxon richness (Chao1): 42.2 versus 10, respectively. Sediments’ mode grain size was found to be significantly higher in ASC’s eastern channel compared to AS (p=0.028), along with sand enrichment of up to 36%. The higher macrofaunal abundance and taxon richness may relate to a more heterogeneous sea bed provided by the higher diversity in grain size existing inside ASC. A relatively rich benthic realm, such as that observed in the ASC, may serve as a refuge for certain species and by hosting a relatively diverse assemblage, stands a better chance of adapting to changing conditions such as climate change.

Recommendations by Pacem in Maribus V to the U.N. Conference on the Law of the Sea

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Mann Borgese
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Global System ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Present Generation ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Common

Pacem in Maribus once again stressed that an ocean regime must encompass the oceans as a whole and be considered as a sub-system of the entire global system. Jurisdictional decisions, including those affecting the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), must reflect that paramount concern. It is not a matter of geographical realignment or of partition; marine ecosystem do not correspond to political demarcations. Nor is mankind, for which the concept of the common heritage is prescribed, confined to coastal states or to the present generation.In its discussions and studies, Pacem in Maribus has consistently stressed the significance of rapid scientific and technological developments which have radically changed the nature of many conventional uses of the sea and call for management as the only alternative to conflict and possible disasters. In its commitment to an Ocean Space Authority rather than to an International Sea-bed Authority, Pacem in Maribus contends that activities on the sea-bed cannot be dissociated from activities in the water-column, at the surface, and at the atmospheric interface; that the sea-bed must become part of an integrated management system for ocean space; and that claims to national jurisdiction carry a surrogate responsibility in that management.Pacem in Maribus contends that any Law of the Sea which does not respect and embody these overriding considerations will prove to be ineffective if not inoperable.

scholarly journals MARINE SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS AT KARIMUN JAVA SEA BASED ON STRATIGRAPHIC PROFILE ANALYSIS, TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID (TSS) AND GRAIN-SIZE ANALYSIS (GRANULOMETRY)

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryantini Suryantini ◽  
Aris Ismanto ◽  
Indarta Kuncoro Aji ◽  
Dwi Fajar Saputri ◽  
Helfinalis Helfinalis
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Java Sea

A sedimentology survey was conducted during “Pelayaran Kebangsaan” research activities with a marine vessel of "Baruna Jaya VIII" in Karimun Java Sea. The objectives of the research were to determine the characteristics of marine water and its sediment, which are important control for coral reef growth in the study area. The survey acquired samples of Total Suspended Sediment (TSS) and gravity coring. Several analyses were then carried out on those samples; TSS analysis to determine the amount of suspended sediments in sea water that reflect the water quality for marine ecology, stratigraphic profile and sediment thickness pattern analyses to determine the sources of sediment, and grain-size analysis based on granulometry to determine deposition energy and grain-size distribution in the area. Those analyses were both conducted on-board Baruna Jaya VIII research vessel and P2O LIPI laboratory in Jakarta. The results showed that in Java Sea nearby Karimun Java Islands, the sediment supply came from the surrounding islands. Two sedimentary units were found in this area. The first units has thickness of tens centimeter from sea bed surface. It is characterized by grayish green color, grain size variation from clay to coarse sand, soft or low density and abundance with shells. The second unit is located beneath the first one, indicated by sharp contact. It is characterized by brownish color, higher density resembling the density of rock, less compacted and can be broken easily by hand, with occasionally thin carbon lenses or remnant of decomposed vegetation, and less shell or fossil At sea surface, TSS distribution shows value between 0.018 and 0.034 gr/l, with average of 0.025 gr/l, whereas at near bottom sea, it ranges between 0.024 and 0.030 gr/l, with average value of 0.027 gr/l. The granulometry shows that more than 50% of sediment is characterized by the abundance of grain size greater than 3 phi. It suggest that sea water around Karimun Java Islands was clear and the current was relatively calm. These conditions were relatively stable for a long time span. Those sea characteristics were important for successful growth of coral reefs and its complementary marine biotas. However, further studies and researches based on chemical and physical characteristics of sea water, and plankton and microbiology variation and abundances are necessary to confirm those presuppositions.Keywords: total suspended solid, gravity coring, stratigraphic profile, granulometry, Karimun Java Sea

scholarly journals SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION BASED ON GRAIN SIZE ANALYSES IN WEDA BAY, NORTHERN MALUKU

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Septriono Hari Nugroho ◽  
Abdul Basit
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
General Information ◽  
Current Speed ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Integrated Study

<p>An integrated study of sediment distribution was conducted in Weda Bay, Northern Maluku to provide general information on transportation and deposition process based on sediment grain size distribution. The study was conducted during the Weda Bay Expedition using the “Baruna Jaya VII” research vessel in March 13<sup>th</sup> –22<sup>th</sup> 2013. Sieving method (granulometric) was used to analyze the grain size. The results indicated that in general the pattern of sea floor sediment distribution was dominated by clay – sand grain-sized. The current speed influenced the sediment transport, deposition, and distribution.  Larger fractions of sediment were quickly settled on the sea floor due to stronger currents around Southern area (Widi islands), meanwhile the lesser fractions of the transported away into other places with weaker currents conditions.</p> <p>Keywords: current, the Weda Bay expedition, granulometric, grain size, sediment distribution</p>

scholarly journals MORFOLOGÍA Y SEDIMENTOS DE LA PLAYA Y PLATAFORMA DE LA BAHÍA SAN LUCAS, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR, MÉXICO

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
J. O. Navarro Lozano ◽  
E. H. Nava Sánchez ◽  
L. Godinez-Orta ◽  
J. Murillo-Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Baja California ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Seafloor Topography ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Wave Refraction ◽  
Portion Control ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
El Sistema

Bahía San Lucas está localizada en la punta sur de la Península de Baja California, por lo que recibe el oleaje de alta energía del Océano Pacífico. El análisis morfológico y sedimentológico del litoral y del fondo marino de la Bahía San Lucas, a partir del levantamiento batimétrico y del análisis de los parámetros texturales del sedimento permitió conocer la relación que existe entre las geoformas y el comportamiento sedimentológico. La morfología y orientación de las puntas que protegen a la bahía, así como la presencia temporal del abanico-delta El Salto en la porción central de la misma, condicionan los procesos de refracción y difracción del olaje. Así, el litoral de la bahía se puede dividir en dos zonas, en donde los procesos energéticos del oleaje y agente transportante son diferentes entre ellas y determinan la morfología y distribución de sedimentos en el sistema playero. El relieve del fondo marino de la bahía está dominado por la presencia del cañón submarino San Lucas, cuya cabecera se proxima hasta el pie de la playa, en la zona más interna de la bahía. Dicho cañón condiciona el desarrollo de la plataforma, la cual es de sólo 1.5 km de ancho, con profundidad máxima de 50 m. La poca profundidad de la plataforma, que permite que el oleaje interactúe con el fondo, así como la presencia del cañón submarino, condicionan la distribución de sedimentos del fondo marino de la bahía. Morphology and sediments of the beach and shelf of the Bahía San Lucas, Baja California Sur, México Bahía San Lucas is located at the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula, thus it receives high energy waves from the Pacific Ocean. The morphology of the coastline and marine bottom of the bay was interpreted based on a bathymetric survey and beach profiles, while the characteristics of the sediments were obtained through a textural analysis. Both, morphology and sedimentology allowed us to know the relationship between landforms and the sedimentological behavior. The geometry and orientation of the limiting points of the bay and the temporary presence of the fan-delta El Salto in the central portion, control the processes of wave refraction and diffraction. Thus, the coastline of the bay can be divided into two areas, where the wave energy processes and the transporting agent are different from each other and determine the morphology and sediment distribution of the beach. Seafloor topography of the bay is dominated by the presence of the San Lucas submarine canyon, whose head is just at the foot of he beach, in the innermost area of the bay. This canyon controls the development of the peninsular shelf, which is only 1.5 km wide with a maximum depth of 50m. This shallow depth of the shelf, which allows the waves interact with seabed, and the presence of the submarine canyon are the responsible for the distribution of sediments in the seabed of the bay.

Sedimentary provinces, and associated bedforms and benthos on the Scott Reef-Rowley Shoals platform off north-west Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ McLoughlin ◽  
TLO Davis ◽  
TJ Ward
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
North West ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Sediment Types ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Mean Grain Size ◽  
High Carbonate

The distribution of sediment types on the Scott Reef-Rowley Shoals platform, a marginal plateau adjoining the continental shelf of north-west Australia, has been investigated. Sediments in this region are predominately muds, with a high carbonate content. Sands, which are scarce, are mainly composed of both benthic and pelagic skeletal remains, with any gravel-sized material consisting of relict molluscan debris and, occasionally, relict coralline material. Correlation of sediment type with sea-bed characteristics as determined from photographs of the bottom at the same site showed significant relationships between mean grain size, and degree of sediment rippling and benthic activity. Similar correlations were found for the skewness measure of the analysis of sediment grain-size frequency. It is concluded that sediment type bears strong relationships with benthic activity and bedform morphology. Correlations between sediment provinces and the distribution of Australian scampi (Metanephrops sp.), a relatively new fishery in the region, are discussed.

Modes of turbidite deposition deduced from grain-size analyses

1972 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Buller ◽  
J. McManus
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Steep Gradient ◽  
Water Layers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Grain Size Distributions

SummaryValues of quartile deviations (QDa) and medians (Mdmm) have been calculated from over 400 grain-size distributions of modern and ancient turbidites. Each QDa–Md pair is plotted on double-log paper to establish any distinctive trends. The QDa–Md analysis of modern turbidites reveals a steep gradient trend derived from the grain-size distributions of submarine canyon and delta fan sediments, and a shallow gradient trend derived from the grain-size distributions of samples from oceanic bottoms and nepheloid water layers. The QDa–Md analysis of ancient turbidites reveals two trends, but these do not coincide with their modern counterparts. The steeper gradient trend is related to distal and proximal turbidites, while the shallow trend is related to fluxoturbidites. The disparity between the ancient and modern QDa–Md analyses is caused by textural modifications of turbidites by diagenetic disintegration of unstable minerals. The alteration products are incorporated subsequently in the matrix. The diagenetic effects on the positions of the QDa–Md plots are demonstrated theoretically by computing the textural alteration of six modern turbidites by assuming that they will lose 20%, and then 40%, of their sand-sized particles to the matrix. By working in reverse the QDa–Md plots of ancient turbidites can be ‘restored’ to their diagenetically unaltered positions. Their restored positions correspond to the QDa–Md trends of modern turbidites.

Distribusi Sedimen Permukaan Dasar Laut Perairan Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Timur

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Purna Sulastya Putra ◽  
Septriono Hari Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Subsurface Sediment ◽  
Suspension Process ◽  
Subsurface Sediments ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Box Corer

<strong>Subsurface sediment distribution in the Sumba Waters, East Nusa Tenggara.</strong> Marine geological survey of the Ekspedisi Widya Nusantara 2016 was conducted in the Sumba Waters on 4 to 26 August 2016 using  Baruna Jaya VIII research vessel. The aim of this survey was to reveal the type and characteristics of the subsurface sediments of the Sumba Waters. A total of 13 samples were taken from the different depth in the subsurface bottom of the sea using grabbing methode with box corer. Grain size analysis were conducted using Mastersizer 2000 to understand the characteristics and the sediment type distribution. In general, the type of the subsurface sediment in the Sumba Waters is ranging from medium to very coarse sandy silt. Distribution of the subsurface sediments is correlated to depths. Grain size of the sediments in the Sumba Strait is coarser than in the western and southern of Sumba Island that directly connected to the Indian Ocean. Distribution of the subsurface sediment showing that the sediment, which are distributed further away from the coast is poorly sorted. The deposition of the subsurface-sea sediment is interpreted to represent a calm, and slow sedimentation mechanism under uniform suspension process.

scholarly journals SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ON THE SOUTH-EAST AUSTRALIAN CONTINENTAL SHELF

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus D. Gordon ◽  
John G. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Sediment Movement ◽  
Shelf Sediment ◽  
Sea Bed

Engineering projects on the continental shelf off Sydney, Australia, have stimulated investigation into the sediment transport system of the shelf. Investigation activities associated with these projects have included: definition of sea bed morphology, sediment distribution and bedform characteristics; monitoring of steady and wave induced currents; wind data collection; suspended sediment sampling; bottom camera sediment movement investigations and analytical studies of sediment reaction to sea bed forcing functions. Sea bed velocity exceedence relationships for both wave oscillations and steady currents have been determined at depths of 24 m, 60 m and 80 m. Thresholds of sediment movement have been defined. Relative sediment transport computations have been undertaken and studies of suspended sediment concentration profiles are in progress so that absolute transport rates can be determined. The prevailing conditions, which include a mainly south bound current, are seldom sufficient to induce entrainment of shelf sediments. Transport events mainly result from major storms in the Tasman Sea which produce both high energy waves and north bound currents. Although these events are rare and short lived, the combined wave and current shear produced at the sea bed during the events gives rise to entrainment conditions which result in their dominance of the shelf sediment transport system.

scholarly journals GRAIN-SIZE STATISTICAL PARAMETERS OF SANDY SEDIMENT IN KUALA GIGIENG, ACEH BESAR DISTRICT

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Purnawan ◽  
Haekal A. Haridhi ◽  
Ichsan Setiawan ◽  
. Marwantim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Sandy Sediment ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Coarse Grains ◽  
Load Transport ◽  
Grain Size Distributions

Study of sediment distribution at Kuala Gigieng was to assess the information of sediment related to the occurrence of hydro-oceanographic processes. The sediment samples were collected from nine stations using coring method. Granulometric method was used to analyze the grain size distributions. The results showed different sediment distribution patterns in each area at estuary Kuala Gigieng. The outer area of estuary indicated skewed to coarse grains, while at the inner area of estuary indicated skewed to fine grains. Different sediment load transport process was suggested as the cause of differentiated sediment characters.   Keywords: granulometry, grain size, sediment statistic, Kuala Gigieng

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