Postoperative pain and antibacterial effect of 980 nm diode laser versus conventional endodontic treatment in necrotic teeth with chronic periapical lesions: A randomized control trial

Background: Many challenges encounter the endodontist, especially when dealing with necrotic teeth with chronic periapical lesions. Postoperative pain may be induced following conventional endodontic therapy and total eradication of the bacteria is almost unachievable even with recently available techniques. In recent years, diode laser usage in the endodontic field has gained acceptance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the ability of the diode laser (DL) to decrease postoperative pain and achieve root canal sterility. Methods: 56 patients with anterior teeth with chronic periapical lesions in upper anterior teeth were randomly divided into two groups (n = 28). All patients were treated with two visits of conventional root canal treatment with ProTaper Universal. The DL group: root canals were irradiated with 200 µm fiber optic at both visits; the control group (Endo): the DL fiber was placed in root canal with no activation. Bacterial samples were collected from all the cases at each step of the treatment. Pain levels were evaluated using a numerical rating scale preoperatively, and after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours and 7 days. Bacterial count was used to detect both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial load. Results: The qualitative pain scores revealed statistically significant lower pain levels in the DL group compared with the Endo group at all time intervals (P<0.001), except preoperatively where there was no significant difference. There was a statistically significant lower bacterial count for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the DL group compared with the Endo group in both S3 samples (after laser application) and S4 samples (bacterial colonization) (P<0.001). Conclusion: The 980 nm diode laser may be a successful adjunct to conventional endodontic treatment of necrotic cases with chronic periapical lesions in terms of postoperative pain and root canal disinfection. Trail registration: PACTR201511001275414 (date: 23rd September 2015)

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Comparison of the Effects of a Bioceramic and Conventional Resin-Based Sealers on Postoperative Pain after Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14102661 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2661

Author(s):

Kiche Shim ◽

Young-Eun Jang ◽

Yemi Kim

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Postoperative Period ◽

Root Canal ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Root Canals ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ah Plus ◽

Group 2

Background: This clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of bioceramic sealer and resin-based sealer on the incidence and intensity of postoperative pain. Methods: Patients with anterior teeth or premolars requiring root canal treatment were assigned to group 1 (n = 51). Those with molars requiring treatment were assigned to group 2 (n = 57). In groups 1En and 2En, root canals were obturated with Endoseal MTA using the single-cone technique. In groups 1AH and 2AH, the sealer used was AH Plus with the continuous wave technique. On the day of canal filling, each patient was instructed to indicate their pain intensity over the 7 day postoperative period, at rest and, while biting, using a visual analog scale. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence or intensity of postoperative pain between the Endoseal MTA and AH Plus groups during the 7 day postoperative period (p > 0.05). Less time was needed to seal the root canals with Endoseal MTA, especially in group 2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Endoseal MTA and AH Plus had similar effects on the incidence and intensity of postoperative pain. The obturation time was shorter when using Endoseal MTA compared to AH Plus.

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An in Vivo Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Sodium Hypochlorite and Biopure MTAD™ against Enterococcus Faecalis in Primary Teeth: A qPCR Study

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/jcpd.39.1.c4q2155r16817219 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 30-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

SG Tulsani ◽

N Chikkanarasaiah ◽

S Bethur

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Control Group ◽

Statistical Significant Difference ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Root Canal Irrigant

Objectives: Biopure MTAD™, a new root canal irrigant has shown promising results against the most common resistant microorganism, E. faecalis, in permanent teeth. However, there is lack of studies comparing its antimicrobial effectiveness with NaOCl in primary teeth. The purpose of this study was to compare the in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of NaOCl 2.5% and Biopure MTAD™ against E. faecalis in primary teeth. Study design: Forty non vital single rooted primary maxillary anterior teeth of children aged 4-8 years, were irrigated either with NaOCl 2.5% (n=15), Biopure MTAD™ (n=15) and 0.9% Saline (n=10, control group). Paper point samples were collected at baseline (S1) and after chemomechanical preparation (S2) during the pulpectomy procedure. The presence of E. faecalis in S1 & S2 was evaluated using Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: Statistical significant difference was found in the antimicrobial efficacy of NaOCl 2.5 % and BioPure MTAD™ when compared to saline (p>0.05). However, no statistical significant difference was found between the efficacies of both the irrigants. Conclusions: NaOCl 2.5% and BioPure MTAD™, both irrigants are equally efficient against E. faecalis in necrotic primary anterior teeth. MTAD is a promising irrigant, however clinical studies are required to establish it as ideal root canal irrigant in clinical practice.

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Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain intensity after single-visit and multiple-visit retreatment cases: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2018.v21i1.1515 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 26 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hatice Miray Uyan ◽

Keziban Olcay ◽

Mutlu Özcan

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Control Group ◽

Periapical Lesions ◽

Single Visit ◽

Group 4 ◽

Multiple Visit ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate postoperative pain after endodontic retreatment. Material and Methods: Asymptomatic, multi-rooted molar & premolar teeth requiring retreatment with 2–5 mm periapical lesions were included. Seventy-eight teeth were randomly placed in four groups (n=20): single-visit (control, group 1), Ledermix (group 2), metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, minocycline mixture (group 3), calcium hydroxide (group 4). The postoperative pain was recorded using a VAS at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after retreatment. Statistical evaluation was performed using Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: Mild pain occurred in 67.5%, moderate in 30%, and flare-ups in 2.5%, and there was a significant difference between the groups (p<0.01). Significantly lower postoperative pain was observed in TAP and CaOH2 groups(p<0.05). In the 6, 12, and 24 h intervals, there was a significant difference in the pain levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: TAP and CaOH2 are effective for reducing postoperative pain after retreatment.KeywordsIntracanal medicaments; Multiple-visit; Postoperative pain; Retreatment; Single-visit.

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Influence of apical foramen cleaning in the repair of periapical lesions

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre ◽

10.22456/2177-0018.27227 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 52 (1/3) ◽

pp. 45-47

Author(s):

Carolina Dos Santos Guimarães ◽

Gerhilde Callou Sampaio ◽

Élvia Barros de Almeida ◽

Luciano Barreto Silva ◽

Ana Paula Mourato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Periapical Lesion ◽

Chi Square ◽

Periapical Lesions ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group Ii ◽

One Year

Introduction: The present study sought to assess the effect of apical foramen cleaning in the repair of periapical lesions detected by radiography. Methods: The sample comprised 980 teeth collected from 25 February 1997 to 15 March 2005 which had been subjected to endodontic treatment and exhibited radiographically visible periapical lesions. The sample was then divided into two groups: Group I, 402 root canal treatments in which cleaning of the apical foramen had not been performed, and Group II, composed of the remaining 578 root canal treatments where the procedure had been performed. After one year, the teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated. Results: In Group I, 360 canals (89.55%) had no evidence of periapical lesions, versus 521 (90.13%) in Group II. Partial presence of these lesions was observed in 23 canals (5.72%) in Group I versus 27 (4.67%) in Group II. No changes in images were observed in 19 (4.72%) canals in Group I and 30 in Group II. Pearson’s chi-square test showed no statistically significant difference between the Groups I and II (p = 0.732). Conclusions: These findings suggest that foramen cleaning is not a determinant of periapical lesion repair.

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Effect of a 980-nm diode laser on post-operative pain after endodontic treatment in teeth with apical periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-53965/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tuna Kaplan ◽

Güzide Pelin Sezgin ◽

Sema Sönmez Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Diode Laser ◽

Root Canal ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

Apical Periodontitis ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Pain Level ◽

Post Operative Pain ◽

Average Pain ◽

Laser Group

Abstract Background: This study aimed to assess the effect of a 980-nm diode laser following chemomechanical root canal preparation on the severity of post-operative pain (PP) after root canal treatment (RCT).Methods: This study included asymptomatic, single-rooted teeth with a periapical index (PAI) score of 3 or 4. All the patients received RCT, including dressing with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), during two visits. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n:30): a control group, in which the final irrigation was performed using 5 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI), followed by 5 ml of 17% and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 5 ml of distilled water, and a laser group, in which the root canals were irradiated using a 980-nm diode laser after the final irrigation at both visits. The pain levels after both visits were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) after 8 h, 24 h, 48 h and 7 d. In addition, the time intervals to medication intake were recorded. The collected data were statistically analysed using the chi-square and Mann–Whitney U test (p<0.05).Results: The average pain level in the control group 24 h after the first visit was significantly higher than that in the laser group (p<0.05). The average pain level 24 h and 48 h after the second visit was significantly higher in the control group (p<0.05). The levels of PP 24 h after the first visit were higher than those after the second visit only in the control group (p<0.05). After the first visit, analgesic use in the control group was significantly higher after 8 h (40%) and 24 h (23%) as compared with that in the laser group (p<0.05).Conclusions: Root canal irradiation with a diode laser may reduce PP after RCT in single-rooted teeth with a PAI score of 3 or 4.Trial registration: Effect of the Diode Laser on Post-operative Pain After Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: NCT04486196. Registered 24 July 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04486196

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Effect of a 980-nm diode laser on post-operative pain after endodontic treatment in teeth with apical periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01401-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tuna Kaplan ◽

Güzide Pelin Sezgin ◽

Sema Sönmez Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Diode Laser ◽

Root Canal ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

Apical Periodontitis ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Pain Level ◽

Post Operative Pain ◽

Average Pain ◽

Laser Group

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the effect of a 980-nm diode laser following chemomechanical root canal preparation on the severity of post-operative pain (PP) after root canal treatment (RCT). Methods This study included asymptomatic, single-rooted teeth with a periapical index (PAI) score of 3 or 4. All the patients received RCT, including dressing with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), during two visits. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n:30): a control group, in which the final irrigation was performed using 5 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI), followed by 5 ml of 17% and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 5 ml of distilled water, and a laser group, in which the root canals were irradiated using a 980-nm diode laser after the final irrigation at both visits. The pain levels after both visits were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) after 8 h, 24 h, 48 h and 7 d. In addition, the time intervals to medication intake were recorded. The collected data were statistically analysed using the chi-square and Mann–Whitney U test (p < 0.05). Results The average pain level in the control group 24 h after the first visit was significantly higher than that in the laser group (p < 0.05). The average pain level 24 h and 48 h after the second visit was significantly higher in the control group (p < 0.05). The levels of PP 24 h after the first visit were higher than those after the second visit only in the control group (p < 0.05). After the first visit, analgesic use in the control group was significantly higher after 8 h (40%) and 24 h (23%) as compared with that in the laser group (p < 0.05). Conclusions Root canal irradiation with a diode laser may reduce PP after RCT in single-rooted teeth with a PAI score of 3 or 4. Trial registration: Effect of the Diode Laser on Post-operative Pain After Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: NCT04486196. Registered 24 July 2020—Retrospectively registered, http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04486196

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Histological analysis of the periapical tissues of dog deciduous teeth after root canal filling with diferent materials

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572005000300021 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 318-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sueli Satomi Murata ◽

Roberto Holland ◽

Valdir de Souza ◽

Eloi Dezan Junior ◽

Juliana Aguiar de Grossi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Histological Analysis ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

The Other ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Control Group ◽

Root Canal Filling ◽

Root Canals ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference

The problem of finding an ideal material for filling root canals of deciduous teeth has not been solved yet. This fact led to the development of an experiment to histologically analyze the periapical tissue reaction to 3 root canal filling materials. Eighty root canals of dog deciduous anterior teeth from 6 animals, 60 days old, were used in this study. After biomechanical preparation, the root canals were filled with the following materials: slowly resorbable Maisto paste, Sealer 26 with iodoform, L&C paste (calcium hydroxide with olive oil) and as a control group, canals that were prepared but not filled. At thirty days after the treatment the animals were killed and the teeth prepared for histological analysis. The materials were ranked statistically from the best to the worst as follows: a - Maisto paste, b - Sealer 26 with iodoform, c - control group, d - L&C paste. There was significant difference (p = 0.01) only when the results of the other groups were compared with the L&C paste group. It was also observed that L&C paste was not biologically compatible and that the other materials were biocompatible but their resorption was not at the same rate as that of the deciduous teeth roots.

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Effect of Root Canal Disinfection with 980 µm Diode Laser on Post-operative Pain after Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-53965/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tuna Kaplan ◽

Güzide Pelin Sezgin ◽

Sema Sönmez Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Diode Laser ◽

Root Canal ◽

Apical Periodontitis ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Pain Level ◽

Root Canal Disinfection ◽

Post Operative Pain ◽

Average Pain

Abstract Background: This study aims to assess the effect of root canal disinfection with a 980 µm diode laser following chemomechanical root canal preparation on the severity of pain after root canal treatment (RCT).Methods: In present study, asymptomatic, single-rooted teeth with periapical index (PAI) score 3 or 4 were included. All patients were treated with two visits of root canal treatment including dressing with calcium hydroxide. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (n: 28). ‘Control (no laser)’: The final irrigation was performed using 5ml 2.5% NaOCI, followed by 5 ml 17% EDTA and 5 ml distilled water. ‘Laser Disinfection (LD)’: Root canals were irradiated with 980 µm diode laser after final irrigation at both visits. The pain levels were evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) after 8, 24, 48 hours and 7 days. In addition, analgesic intake and time intervals were recorded by patients. The collected data were statistically analyzed with the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05).Results: The average pain level in the control group after 24 hours was significantly higher than that in the laser group after the first appointment (p<0.05). The average pain level after the second appointment was statistically higher at 24 h and 48 h in the control group (p<0.05). PP levels at 24-hs after the first appointment were higher than the second appointment only in the control group (p<0.05). After first appointment, analgesic use in the control group at 8 h (40%) and 24 h (23%) were significantly higher than LD group (p<0.05).Conclusions: Root canal disinfection with diode laser may reduce PP in single-rooted teeth with PAI score 3 or 4.Trial registration: Effect of the Diode Laser on Post-operative Pain After Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: NCT04486196. Registered 24 July 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04486196Clinical Trials ID: NCT04486196

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Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCI) 2.5%, Microemulsion of Myrtus 10%, Microemulsion of Thyme 0.6% on the Enterococcus Faecalis After Root Canal Filling

Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32598/jams.24.3.6321.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 424-437

Author(s):

Forough Khodadadnejad ◽

◽

Majid Akbari ◽

Fateme Abdolalian ◽

Mahboube Daneshvar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Root Canal Filling ◽

Anterior Teeth

Background and Aim: The success of endodontic treatment depends on the complete elimination of pathogenic bacteria inside the root canal. Enterococcus faecalis, a gram-positive, pathogenic, and anaerobic cocci, are the primary etiology of root canal infection in treated and untreated teeth and are highly associated with endodontic treatment failure. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activity of Sodium hypochlorite 2.5%, microemulsion of Myrtus 10%, and microemulsion of Thyme 0.6% on the E. faecalis after root canal filling. Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, 25 extracted single canal human anterior teeth were collected, and their crowns were cut. Then after washing and cleaning, and filling, the sterilization was done using an autoclave. Then, except 5 teeth (negative control group), the teeth were smeared with E. faecalis and then divided into 5 groups randomly represented the irrigation by Sodium hypochlorite 2.5%, microemulsion of Myrtus 10%, and microemulsion of Thyme 0.6%, with a positive control group and negative control group. The teeth were filled with gutta-percha and then incubated in an incubator for 90 days at a temperature of 37°C. Finally, the comparison of CFU in the groups due to abnormal data distribution was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences approved this study (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1398.297). Results: According to the results of this study, the correlation between the groups of cultured teeth was not significant(P>0.05). The specimens washed with microemulsion of the Thyme 0.6% had the highest positive number of cultures; the specimens washed by Sodium hypochlorite 2.5% had the lowest number of cultures. Conclusion: This study showed that no statistically significant difference exists in their antimicrobial activity after root canal therapy after the use of different wash solutions.

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Incidence of Postoperative Pain after Single- and Multi-Visit Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Vital and Non-Vital Pulp

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1697444 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 03 (04) ◽

pp. 273-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Bayram Ince ◽

Ertugrul Ercan ◽

Mehmet Dalli ◽

Coruh Turksel Dulgergil ◽

Yahya Orcun Zorba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Root Canal ◽

Severe Pain ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chisquare Test ◽

Group 2 ◽

Root Canal Instrumentation ◽

Group 1

ABSTRACTObjectives: To assess the incidence of postoperative pain after single- and multi-visit endodontic treatment of teeth with vital and non-vital pulp.Methods: In total, 306 patients with teeth requiring endodontic treatment were identified and were included in this study. Two experienced clinicians treated the patients, who were randomly assigned to two groups. While the teeth of patients in group 1 were obturated, group 2 were temporarily sealed and obturated after one week. Three days after the root canal instrumentation of each tooth, the patients were asked whether they experienced any postoperative pain and to rate the level of discomfort as no, mild, moderate, or severe pain. Data were analyzed statistically using the chisquare test.Results: No significant difference in postoperative pain was found between vital and non-vital teeth (P>.01). Mild, moderate, and severe pain occurred in 31.4, 13.7, and 4.6% of vital teeth, respectively. Postoperative pain occurred in 107 (69.9%) and 106 (69.3%) teeth in the single- and multi-visit treatment groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between the two groups (P>.01).Conclusions: The prevalence of postoperative pain did not differ between vital and non-vital teeth. The majority of patients in either groups reported no or only mild pain. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:273-279)

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