scholarly journals Toxin-like peptides in plasma, urine and faecal samples from COVID-19 patients

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Carlo Brogna ◽  
Simone Cristoni ◽  
Mauro Petrillo ◽  
Maddalena Querci ◽  
Ornella Piazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Human Genes ◽  
Peptide Fraction ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Toxic Components

Background: SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 disease and led to the pandemic currently affecting the world has been broadly investigated. Different studies have been performed to understand the infection mechanism, and the involved human genes, transcripts and proteins. In parallel, numerous clinical extra-pulmonary manifestations co-occurring with COVID-19 disease have been reported and evidence of their severity and persistence is increasing. Whether these manifestations are linked to other disorders co-occurring with SARS-CoV-2 infection, is under discussion. In this work, we report the identification of toxin-like peptides in COVID-19 patients by application of the Liquid Chromatography Surface-Activated Chemical Ionization – Cloud Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry.   Methods: Plasma, urine and faecal samples from COVID-19 patients and control individuals were analysed to study peptidomic toxins’ profiles. Protein precipitation preparation procedure was used for plasma, to remove high molecular weight proteins and efficiently solubilize the peptide fraction; in the case of faeces and urine, direct peptide solubilization was employed.   Results: Toxin-like peptides, almost identical to toxic components of venoms from animals, like conotoxins, phospholipases, phosphodiesterases, zinc metal proteinases, and bradykinins, were identified in samples from COVID-19 patients, but not in control samples.  Conclusions: The presence of toxin-like peptides could potentially be connected to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Their presence suggests a possible association between COVID-19 disease and the release in the body of (oligo-)peptides almost identical to toxic components of venoms from animals. Their involvement in a large set of heterogeneous extra-pulmonary COVID-19 clinical manifestations, like neurological ones, cannot be excluded. Although the presence of each individual symptom is not selective of the disease, their combination might be related to COVID-19 by the coexistence of the panel of the here detected toxin-like peptides. The presence of these peptides opens new scenarios on the aetiology of the COVID-19 clinical symptoms observed up to now, including neurological manifestations.

scholarly journals Toxin-like peptides in plasma, urine and faecal samples from COVID-19 patients

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Carlo Brogna ◽  
Simone Cristoni ◽  
Mauro Petrillo ◽  
Maddalena Querci ◽  
Ornella Piazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Human Genes ◽  
Peptide Fraction ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Toxic Components

Background: SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 disease and led to the pandemic currently affecting the world has been broadly investigated. Different studies have been performed to understand the infection mechanism, and the involved human genes, transcripts and proteins. In parallel, numerous clinical extra-pulmonary manifestations co-occurring with COVID-19 disease have been reported and evidence of their severity and persistence is increasing. Whether these manifestations are linked to other disorders co-occurring with SARS-CoV-2 infection, is under discussion. In this work, we report the identification of toxin-like peptides in COVID-19 patients by application of the Liquid Chromatography Surface-Activated Chemical Ionization – Cloud Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry.   Methods: Plasma, urine and faecal samples from COVID-19 patients and control individuals were analysed to study peptidomic toxins’ profiles. Protein precipitation preparation procedure was used for plasma, to remove high molecular weight proteins and efficiently solubilize the peptide fraction; in the case of faeces and urine, direct peptide solubilization was employed.   Results: Toxin-like peptides, almost identical to toxic components of venoms from animals, like conotoxins, phospholipases, phosphodiesterases, zinc metal proteinases, and bradykinins, were identified in samples from COVID-19 patients, but not in control samples.  Conclusions: The presence of toxin-like peptides could potentially be connected to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Their presence suggests a possible association between COVID-19 disease and the release in the body of (oligo-)peptides almost identical to toxic components of venoms from animals. Their involvement in a large set of heterogeneous extra-pulmonary COVID-19 clinical manifestations, like neurological ones, cannot be excluded. Although the presence of each individual symptom is not selective of the disease, their combination might be related to COVID-19 by the coexistence of the panel of the here detected toxin-like peptides. The presence of these peptides opens new scenarios on the aetiology of the COVID-19 clinical symptoms observed up to now, including neurological manifestations.

scholarly journals Streptococcus suis infection: Clinical manifestations

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 236-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julijana Dragojlovic ◽  
Branko Milosevic ◽  
Neda Sasic ◽  
Miomir Pelemis ◽  
Milan Sasic
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Sensorineural Deafness ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Sporadic Disease ◽  
Male Patients

Introduction Streptococcus suis is a bacterium causing a disease in pigs and rarely in humans. This zoonosis is mostly found as a sporadic disease in individuals that were in contact with the affected or infected pigs: farmers, veterinarians and workers engaged in fresh pork processing. It is assumed that the bacterium enters the body through a cut abrasion in the skin. Initially, the condition resembles a flu, followed by signs of bacteriemia and sepsis. The most frequent clinical manifestation of Streptococcus suis infection is meningitis, leading to hearing loss in over 75% of patients, and subsequent arthritis, endophtalmitis, endocarditis and pneumonia. Toxic shock syndrome with hemorhagic manifestations rarely develops. Material and methods This study included five male patients aged 22 to 63 years treated in the Intensive Care Unit of the Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases in Belgrade, due to Streptococcus suis infection. The aim of this study was to point to the existence of this bacteria in our environment, to describe clinical manifestations of the disease and to point out the importance of its prevention. Results All patients had epidemiological evidence of being in contact with pork meat. There were no data about diseased pigs. The estimated incubation period was 4 to 8 days. All patients had meningeal signs. Clinical symptoms included shivering, fever, vomiting, headache, malaise, vertigo and tinitus. Three patients presented with alerterd level of awareness. Four patients developed very severe bilateral hearing impairemnt, whereas one endophtalmtis and one developed endocarditis. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was opalescent in four patients, and only one patient presented with clear CSF. CSF examination showed typical changes characeteristic for bacterial meningitis. Streptoccocus suis was isolated in CSF in all patients, and in one patient the bacteria was isolated in blood as well. All patients underwent treatment with II and III generation cephalosporins and one with one aminoglycosides. All patients were cured, but 4 of them developed sequelae like permanent sensorineural deafness and mild ataxia. Conclusions Streptococcus suis infection is present as a zoonosis in pigs, while humans are contracted occasionally, most frequently related to occupational risk. In cases with bacterial meningitis with sepsis and hearing loss, Streptococcus suis infections must be suspected. Effective prevention requires collaboration between epidemiologists, veterinarians and human medicine physicians. .

scholarly journals ETIOPATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF LIVER INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
V.I. Petrov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Ponomareva ◽  
I.V. Ivakhnenko ◽  
O.V. Razvalyaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Infection caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 initially associated with respiratory damage and the development of respiratory symptoms. However, it was subsequently shown that COVID-19 can be considered as a systemic inflammatory process with multiple organ damage. One of the most frequent extra pulmonary manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection is liver damage. Several factors of influence on the liver in COVID-19 are currently being considered: viral immunological damage, hypoxia, systemic inflammatory process, drug toxicity and progression of existing liver diseases. This review is devoted to the analysis of available data on the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of liver damage in a new coronavirus infection.

scholarly journals Clinical manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 – a diagnostic and management challenge

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Dąbrowska ◽  
Agnieszka Zwolak
Keyword(s):  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coarctation Of Aorta ◽  
Management Challenge

Abstract Introduction. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), caused by mutation of the tumour-suppressor gene encoding neurofibromin, is an autosomal dominant disorder affecting various organs. Aim. The aim of the study was to discuss the clinical symptoms of NF1 based on seven cases of the disease with regard to the literature. Material and methods. We analyzed retrospectively patients with NF1 (4 females and 3 males) aged 19-52 who were treated at Endocrinology Department between 2003 and 2017. The diagnosis was made in childhood (4 patients) or in adolescence (3 cases), based on clinical symptoms and genetic tests. Results. Five patients had a positive family history of NF1, two cases represented spontaneous mutation. All of analyzed subjects presented café-au-lait spots and neurofibromas on the body. We observed neurological disorders such as: epilepsy (2 patients), Arnold-Chiari malformation (1 man), benign brain neoplasms (2 persons). Optic gliomas appeared in two cases. Tumours were also found in other organs, including the uterus (2 women), the lung, the adrenals, the pituitary and the parathyroid gland (with signs of primary hyperparathyroidism) – each tumour in another patient. Four subjects suffered from cognitive impairment. Skeletal manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 such as scoliosis (1 man) and short stature (6 patients) have been noted as well. Five patients presented thyroid disorders – hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s disease (4 patients), toxic nodular goiter (1 woman). Other clinical symptoms e.g. vitiligo, alopecia areata and coarctation of aorta have also been found. Conclusions. Variety of clinical symptoms causes that NF1 still remains a diagnostic and management challenge for many physicians. Therefore, multidisciplinary approach is needed to optimize patients’ treatment.

scholarly journals Enterosorbent for endotoxicosis as a factor influencing the development of young cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 190 (11) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
А. КРАСНОПЕРОВ ◽  
A. KRASNOPEROV ◽  
С. Малков ◽  
S. Malkov ◽  
Наталья Верещак ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Endogenous Intoxication ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Young Cattle

Abstract. Purpose – study the effect of enterosorbent on the immunological parameters of blood and the productivity of young cattle. Methods. The object of the study was newborn calves from 2 to 6 days of age (n = 54). Studies on the enterosorbent based on colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD) for calves with alimentary dyspepsia have been carried out. During the experiment, the clinical condition of the animals, the increase in live body weight were evaluated, blood samples were taken for immunohematological studies. Results. In calves at 2–6 days of age, alimentary dyspepsia is accompanied by the development of endogenous intoxication of the body. Animals show leukocytosis – 16.60 ± 5.11×109/l; leukocyte shift to the left with an increase in the number of adolescent and stab neutrophils – 1.41 ± 0.23×109/l; monocytes up to 1.21 ± 0.13x×109/l; circulating immune complexes (CIC) level in blood serum up to 202.4 ± 8.5 cu Under conditions of endogenous intoxication, the immunological protection of the organism was characterized by an increase in the number of phagocytic cells to 71 % of the total number of granulocytes. Clinical symptoms of endogenous intoxication in 86 % of cases disappeared by the 5th day of the use of enterosorbent CSD in the treatment regimen of calves with alimentary dyspepsia. This is associated with blocking and weakening the inflammatory response in the gastrointestinal tract. The effect of enterosorbent CSD on the immunological parameters was expressed in a balanced stabilization of the processes of phagocytosis and immunogenesis. The trend towards normalization of immunological parameters was registered: the level of the CIC was significantly reduced to 97.5 ± 5.48 cu; the phagocytic activity (PA) of the neutrophilic cells was 50.1 ± 2.4 %. Treatment of animals according to the basic scheme approved by the farm turned out to be less effective. In calves that did not receive enterosorbent CSD, in 11 % of cases, clinical manifestations of endogenous intoxication were recorded up to and including 14 days. In these animals, the level of the CIC remained high – 143.6 ± 8.57 cu, the voltage of phagocytic function was noted – 64.3 ± 7.6 % and the imbalance in the ratio of T/B-lymphocytes – 1.13 (normal 1.5–2.0). The effect of the CSD enterosorbent on the calves productivity was reflected in the fact that the rate of weight gain during the experiment was higher in the experimental group. At 4 months, their weight was 149.17 ± 13.57 kg, while in the control group and the comparison group – 135.00 ± 5.00 and 130.00 ± 22.73 kg, respectively. Scientific novelty. Alimentary dyspepsia causes the development of endogenous intoxication in the body of newborn calves. The lack of therapeutic measures leads to a long recovery period and a decrease in productivity.

scholarly journals Weil’s syndrome (Leptospiral infection): A case report

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 493-496
Author(s):  
Zeljko Mijailovic ◽  
Predrag Canovic ◽  
Olgica Gajovic
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Febrile Condition ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Introduction. Leptospirosis is an acute zoonotic infection, caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. It is characterized by extensive vasculitis. It is usually transmitted indirectly, per contaminated water, rarely directly, through contact with infected animals. Leptospira bacteria commonly enter the body through damaged skin or mucous membranes. The clinical syndromes may vary from a subclinical infection and mild febrile condition to severe clinical symptoms with jaundice and renal failure. Case report. This is a case report of a patient with leptospirosis (Weil's disease) whose clinical manifestations included: icterus, renal failure, hemorrhagic syndrome and disturbances of consciousness. After the use of antibiotics, symptomatic and substitution therapy, all symptoms resolved completely. However, in our patient, hemodialysis was necessary due to renal failure, as a palliative measure. Discussion. Weil?s syndrome is a severe form of leptospirosis, which can be fatal. Early clinical diagnosis of the disease, as well as serologic verification of infection, are very important prerequisites, followed by antibiotic and other symptomatic therapy, as soon as possible. Conclusion. This is a case report of a patient with rare clinical manifestations of leptosirosis. Although presenting with severe symptoms, thanks to palliative therapeutic measures, complete and fast recovery was achieved. We especially point out the role of hemodialysis in the treatment of this patient. .

scholarly journals Oral Tuberculosis: A Rare Manifestation of Disseminated Disease in a Patient with Dermatomyositis on Chronic Corticosteroids

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Khateeb ◽  
Mohleen Kang ◽  
Eugenio Capitle ◽  
Mirela Feurdean
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
The World ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis

Tuberculosis remains one of the leading causes of death around the world despite advancements in diagnostic testing and medical therapies. It commonly affects the lungs, but isolated extra pulmonary clinical manifestations have been reported. Tuberculosis of the oral cavity is exceedingly rare. We present a case of a patient with dermatomyositis on chronic steroid therapy, who presented with tuberculosis involving the tongue as the only clinical manifestation of disseminated disease. Physicians must be aware of extra pulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis in patients at risk, in order to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment and to prevent further contagion.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Pulmonary and Extra Pulmonary Manifestations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam H. Elrobaa ◽  
Karl J. New
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Introduction: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been the most significant event in 2020, with ~86.8 million cases and 1.88 million deaths worldwide. It is a highly infectious disease, wherein the virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) rapidly multiplies and spreads to all parts of the body. Therefore, COVID-19 is not only respiratory disease but also a multisystem disease. Many people, including physicians, incorrectly believe that the disease affects only the respiratory tract. In this study, we aimed to describe COVID-19 manifestations and the underlying pathophysiology to provide the readers with a better understanding of this disease to achieve good management and to control the spread of this disease.Methods: Secondary data were obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The keywords used for the search were as follows: COVID-19, COVID-19 pulmonary manifestations, COVID-19 extra pulmonary manifestations, and pathophysiology of COVID-19. We collected secondary data from systemic reviews, metaanalyses, case series, and case reports in the form of public data that was published on websites of the government, medical corporations, medical peer-reviewed journals, and medical academies, all of which were indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, or Scopus. Our questions were as follows: Is COVID-19 a respiratory disease only? and What are the extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19?Results: From our data, we found that a patient with COVID-19 may be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. Symptomatic cases may have either pulmonary or extrapulmonary manifestations. Pulmonary manifestations occur as mild, moderate, or severe cases. In mild and moderate cases, extrapulmonary manifestations such as gastroenteritis, fever, or vomiting may present alone. Some of these cases may be missed for diagnosis, and the patient may receive symptomatic treatment without a COVID-19 diagnosis, leading to increased spread of the infection. Extrapulmonary manifestations may occur in severe and critical cases as complications of severe infections (high viral overload) or the cytokine storm, such as in acute kidney injury (AKI), heart failure (HF), and venous thromboembolic (VTE) manifestation.Conclusion: COVID-19 is not a respiratory disease alone; rather, it is a multisystem disease. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations should be considered for early diagnosis and to control the spread of the infection.

scholarly journals Verifying Extra-Pulmonary Manifestation of COVID-19 in Firoozgar Hospital 2020: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Mottaghi ◽  
Maryam Roham ◽  
Mahin Jamshidi Makiani ◽  
Mitra Ranjbar ◽  
Azadeh Laali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestation ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Abstract Background: COVID-19 is a new emerging disease that causes a pandemic situation in the world. Corona virus can enter into the body via several ways and it damages other organs of the body in addition to the respiratory system. This study aimed at verifying extra-pulmonary manifestation of COVID-19.Methods: The present study was done as cross-sectional in the single center from March 1 to May 1 2020 at Firoozgar educational hospital in Tehran, Iran. 107 patients with confirmed Covid-19 pneumonia according to WHO interim guidance were recruited in this study. Extra-pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 were recorded. SPSS, version 26 was used for all analyses.Results: The mean (SD) and median of age was 59.3 (17.4) and 62.0 respectively and 58 (54.2%) were men. Body temperature of patients who were equal or less than 60 years was significantly higher than other patients (39.02 vs. 38.08, p=0001). The most common extra-pulmonary manifestation was GI symptoms included nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, Hepatocellular LFT abnormality, Cholestatic LFT abnormality and Amylase lipase incensement (37 patients (34.6%)). Ophthalmological, cardiac, neurological and dermatological manifestations were shown in 6.5%, 6.5%, 14.9% and 14.0% of patients respectively. Conclusion: Investigating the clinical and radiological symptoms of COVID-19 showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection may also be associated with extrapulmonary symptoms. Therefore, clinicians and radiologists should be familiar with such symptoms of this disease.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF GONARTHRITIS IN WOMEN WITH HYPERTENSION AND OVERWEIGHT

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Fushtey ◽  
A. M. Pidlubna
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
The Body ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
The City ◽  
Passive Movements

Abstract One of the diseases that is quite common in modern rheumatology and leads to dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system and creates a major medical and social problem, is gonarthrosis. The incidence of degenerative-dystrophic diseases in HA in women is two to four times higher than in men. In order to establish the patterns of clinical manifestations of GA in women with hypertension (GC) and overweight (HB) of the body, on the basis of the rheumatology department of the city KNP «City Hospital №10» ZMR (Zaporozhye), with informed consent, was prospectively examined 198 women for the period 2018–2020. According to the results of the study, a significant (p <0.05) deterioration of clinical symptoms in women with a combined course of HA with GC and HB, relative to the isolated course of HA, on the indicators: pain during active and passive movements and palpation, stiffness, crepitation and swelling of the joints. The correlations between clinical manifestations of HA, arthrosonographic data and BMI have been established. The characteristics of the pain syndrome associated with exercise, impaired mobility and functionality of the joints significantly increased with increasing stage of GA, joining comorbid pathology and increased BMI.  Keywords: gonarthrosціis, comorbidity, hypertension, overweight.

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