scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Japanese Encephalitis

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabonita Sengupta ◽  
Sriparna Mukherjee ◽  
Piyush Tripathi ◽  
Rashmi Kumar ◽  
Amol Ratnakar Suryawanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Gamma Chain ◽  
Acute Encephalitis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
2D Gel ◽  
Biomarker Research

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a group of central nervous system (CNS) disorders caused by a wide range of viruses, bacteria, fungi, chemicals and toxins. It is important to distinguish between various forms of infectious encephalitis with similar clinical manifestations in order to ensure specific and accurate diagnosis and development of subsequent therapeutic strategies. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in direct contact with the CNS and hence it is considered to be an excellent source for identifying biomarkers for various neurological disorders. With the recent advancement in proteomic methodologies, the field of biomarker research has received a remarkable boost.  The present study identifies potential biomarkers for JE using a proteomics based approach. The CSF proteomes from ten patients each with JE and Non-JE acute encephalitis were analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry. Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), fibrinogen gamma chain, fibrinogen beta chain, complement C4-B, complement C3 and cytoplasmic actin were found to be significantly elevated in case of JE indicating severe disruption of the blood brain barrier and DBP can be suggested to be an important diagnostic marker.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Japanese Encephalitis

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Nabonita Sengupta ◽  
Sriparna Mukherjee ◽  
Piyush Tripathi ◽  
Rashmi Kumar ◽  
Amol Ratnakar Suryawanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Gamma Chain ◽  
Acute Encephalitis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
2D Gel ◽  
Biomarker Research

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a group of central nervous system (CNS) disorders caused by a wide range of viruses, bacteria, fungi, chemicals and toxins. It is important to distinguish between various forms of infectious encephalitis with similar clinical manifestations in order to ensure specific and accurate diagnosis and development of subsequent therapeutic strategies. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in direct contact with the CNS and hence it is considered to be an excellent source for identifying biomarkers for various neurological disorders. With the recent advancement in proteomic methodologies, the field of biomarker research has received a remarkable boost.  The present study identifies potential biomarkers for JE using a proteomics based approach. The CSF proteomes from ten patients each with JE and Non-JE acute encephalitis were analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry. Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), fibrinogen gamma chain, fibrinogen beta chain, complement C4-B, complement C3 and cytoplasmic actin were found to be significantly elevated in case of JE indicating severe disruption of the blood brain barrier and DBP can be suggested to be an important diagnostic marker.

scholarly journals Detection of West Nile and Japanese Encephalitis Viral Genome Sequences in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Acute Encephalitis Cases in Karachi, Pakistan

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 827-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Igarashi ◽  
Mariko Tanaka ◽  
Kouichi Morita ◽  
Toshiaki Takasu ◽  
Akhtar Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Acute Encephalitis

Psychiatric symptoms and cognitive dysfunction caused by Epstein–Barr virus-induced encephalitis

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 521-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Behr ◽  
Martin Schaefer ◽  
Eckhard Littmann ◽  
Randolf Klingebiel ◽  
Andreas Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epstein Barr

AbstractEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis is rare and shows a wide range of clinical manifestations. We report an immunocompromised patient with EBV encephalitis diagnosed by EBV-specific PCR and antibody testing in the cerebrospinal fluid who presented with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in the absence of any neurological impairments or infectious signs. Clinical recovery and clearance of cerebrospinal fluid EBV DNA appeared following ganciclovir treatment within 6 weeks.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Giovannoni
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Formal Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
End Point ◽  
Neurodegenerative Process ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽  
Biomarker Research ◽  
Relationship Of

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the body fluid closest to the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). For many candidate biomarkers CSF is the only fluid that can be investigated. Several factors need to be standardized when sampling CSF for biomarker research: time/volume of CSF collection, sample processing/storage, and the temporal relationship of sampling to clinical or MRI markers of disease activity. Assays used for biomarker detection must be validated so as to optimize the power of the studies. A formal method for establishing whether or not a particular biomarker can be used as a surrogate end-point needs to be adopted. This process is similar to that used in clinical trials, where the reporting of studies has to be done in a standardized way with sufficient detail to permit a critical review of the study and to enable others to reproduce the study design. A commitment must be made to report negative studies so as to prevent publication bias. Pre-defined consensus criteria need to be developed for MS-related prognostic biomarkers. Currently no candidate biomarker is suitable as a surrogate end-point. Bulk biomarkers of the neurodegenerative process such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilaments (NF) have advantages over intermittent inflammatory markers.

scholarly journals CASE REPORTS OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS:AN UNDERDIAGNOSED ENTITY IN AN ENDEMIC REGION OF UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 533-536
Author(s):  
Hiba Sami ◽  
◽  
Shariq Wadood Khan ◽  
Farogh Hassan ◽  
Zeeshan Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome ◽  
Acute Encephalitis

Emerging viruses causing Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) can be more damaging due to irreversible brain damage, irrespective of the identical medical characteristics created by all agents. We report two cases of acute encephalitis syndrome caused by Japanese encephalitis virus from a usually under-reported geographic region of India. Both patients were managed conservatively with favourable outcome in one of them.There should be considerable effort to identify the particular causative agent that triggers AES, bearing in mind the various clinical manifestations of Japanese encephalitis virus. Although there is no significant impact on management, it is possible to prevent transmission to healthy contacts and the community through vector control and vaccination.

scholarly journals Different Metabolomic and Proteomic Profiles of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Ventricular and Lumbar Compartments in Relation to Leptomeningeal Metastases

Metabolites ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ji-Woong Kwon ◽  
Ji Hye Im ◽  
Kyue-Yim Lee ◽  
Byong Chul Yoo ◽  
Jun Hwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Leptomeningeal Metastasis ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Protein Profiles ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Gamma Chain ◽  
Low Mass

The different molecular profiles of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between ventricular and lumbar compartments remain elusive, especially in the context of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM), which affects CSF flow. We evaluated CSF metabolomic and proteomic profiles based on the compartments and the diagnosis of spinal LM, proved by MRI from 20 paired ventricular and lumbar CSF samples of LM patients, including 12 spinal LM (+) samples. In metabolome analysis, 9512 low-mass ions (LMIs) were identified—7 LMIs were abundant in all lumbar versus paired ventricular CSF samples, and 3 LMIs were significantly abundant in all ventricular CSF. In comparisons between spinal LM (+) CSF and LM (−) CSF, 105 LMIs were discriminative for spinal LM (+) CSF. In proteome analysis, a total of 1536 proteins were measured. A total of 18 proteins, including complement C3, were more highly expressed in all lumbar CSF, compared with paired ventricular CSF, while 82 proteins, including coagulation factor V, were higher in the ventricular CSF. Of 37 discriminative proteins, including uteroglobin and complement component C8 gamma chain, 4 were higher in all spinal LM (+) CSF versus spinal LM (−) CSF. We further evaluated metabolic pathways associated with these discriminative proteins using the Gene Ontology database. We found that 16/17 spinal LM (+) pathways, including complement activation, were associated with lumbar discriminative proteins, whereas only 2 pathways were associated with ventricular-discriminative proteins. In conclusion, we determined that metabolite and protein profiles differed between paired lumbar and ventricular CSF samples. The protein profiles of spinal LM (+) CSF showed more similarity with the lumbar CSF than the ventricular CSF. Thus, we suggest that CSF LMIs and proteins could reflect LM disease activity and that LM-associated differences in CSF are more likely to be present in the lumbar compartment.

scholarly journals Trend of Japanese encephalitis in North India: evidence from thirty-eight acute encephalitis cases and appraisal of niceties

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (07) ◽  
pp. 517-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra K. Saxena ◽  
Niraj Mishra ◽  
Rakhi Saxena ◽  
Maneesh Singh ◽  
Asha Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
North India ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
Acute Encephalitis ◽  
Viral Testing

Background: In the year 2005, an epidemic of Japanese encephalitis (JE) occurred in the northern states of India. The present study was planned to reconfirm the circulation of JE in the area and to assess the trend of the disease to slow down the burden of JE. Methodology: Surveillance was conducted to identify patients with acute encephalitis. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid specimens from suspected cases underwent pathological, serological, and demographic investigations. Viral testing for evidence of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection was also performed, either by IgM capture ELISA/RT-PCR or both. To identify circulating JEV strains, RT-PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was performed. Based on clinical cases reported between 1992 and 2008, the trend of JE infection in the state was analyzed to examine the dynamics of infection. Results: Our investigations (n = 38) revealed that only 55.3% cases were positive for JE. Pathological examination revealed marked pleocytosis in CSF (90±76.9 cells/mm3), and peripheral leucocytosis (64.7±8.86% neutrophils) with mild anemia. Males were more susceptible than females with a ratio of 1.63:1 and significant gender difference (P

scholarly journals Prostaglandin D Synthase Isoforms from Cerebrospinal Fluid Vary with Brain Pathology

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Harrington ◽  
Alfred N. Fonteh ◽  
Roger G. Biringer ◽  
Andreas F. R. Hühmer ◽  
Robert P. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Prostaglandin D Synthase ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
2D Gel ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Normal Controls

Glutathione independent prostaglandin D synthase (Swissprot P41222, PTGDS) has been identified in human cerebrospinal fluid and some changes in PTGDS in relation to disease have been reported. However, little is known of the extent that PTGDS isoforms fluctuate across a large range of congenital and acquired diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in PTGDS isoforms in such a population. Spinal fluid from 22 healthy study participants (normal controls) with no classifiable neurological or psychiatric diagnosis was obtained and PTGDS isoforms were identified by specific immunostaining and mass spectrometry after denaturing 2D gel electrophoresis. The PTGDS isoforms in controls consisted of five charge isoforms that were always present and a small number of occasional, low abundance isoforms. A qualitative survey of 98 different people with a wide range of congenital and acquired diseases revealed striking changes. Loss of the control isoforms occurred in congenital malformations of the nervous system. Gain of additional isoforms occurred in some degenerative, most demyelinating and vasculitic diseases, as well as in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A retrospective analysis of published data that quantified relative amounts of PTGDS in multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease compared to controls revealed significant dysregulation. It is concluded that qualitative and quantitative fluctuations of cerebrospinal fluid PTGDS isoforms reflect both major and subtle brain pathophysiology.

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